Pacific cod

Template:Short description Template:Speciesbox

The Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Gadidae. It is a bottom-dwelling fish found in the northern Pacific Ocean, mainly on the continental shelf and upper slopes, to depths of about Template:Convert. It can grow to a length of a meter or so and is found in large schools. They feed on clams, worms, crabs, shrimp, and juvenile fish.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It is an important commercial food species and is also known as gray cod or grey cod, and grayfish or greyfish. Fishing for this species is regulated with quotas being allotted for hook and line fishing, pots, and bottom trawls. Fossils have been found in Canada near a Steller Sea lion fossil dating to the Pleistocene.

DescriptionEdit

It has three separate dorsal fins, and the catfish-like whiskers on its lower jaw. In appearance, it is similar to the Atlantic cod. A bottom dweller, it is found mainly along the continental shelf and upper slopes with a range around the rim of the North Pacific Ocean, from the Yellow Sea to the Bering Strait, along the Aleutian Islands, and south to about Los Angeles, down to depths of Template:Convert. It may grow up to Template:Convert in length and weigh up to Template:Convert. It is found in huge schools.<ref name=FAO>Gadus macrocephalus (Tilesius, 1810) FAO, Species Fact Sheet. Retrieved April 2012.</ref>

Molecular genetic analyses strongly suggest that Pacific cod and Greenland cod (Gadus ogac) from Greenland–Arctic Ocean are the same species and that G. ogac should be a junior synonym of G. macrocephalus.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Today, ITIS and the Catalogue of Life list Gadus ogac as synonym of G. macrocephalus.<ref>Catalogue of Life: Gadus macrocephalus.</ref>

FisheriesEdit

File:Pacific cod, capture production, thousand tonnes, 1950-2022.svg

style }}

In the Northeast Pacific catches of Pacific cod by the United States trawl fishery and joint-venture fisheries increased from less than 1,000 tonnes in 1979 to nearly 91,000 tonnes in 1984 and reached 430,196 tonnes in 1995. Today, catches are tightly regulated and the Pacific cod quota is split among fisheries that use hook and line gear, pots, and bottom trawls.

Conservation statusEdit

The Salish Sea population of Pacific cod is a U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service Species of Concern, one of those species about which the U.S. government's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has some concerns regarding status and threats, but for which insufficient information is available to indicate a need to list the species under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA).<ref>Species of Concern NOAA</ref>

Pacific cod larvae.jpg
```
style }}
```
Young Pacific cod.jpg
```
style }}
```
Pacific cod caught on jigging gear.jpg
```
style }}
```

As foodEdit

Bon dara.JPG

Cod gills eaten during Obon festival
Daegu-tang 1.jpg

Korean cod soup
Daegu-bol-jjim.jpg

Korean braised cod heads

NotesEdit

Template:Reflist

ReferencesEdit

{{#if:164711

| {{#invoke:template wrapper|wrap|_template=cite web|_exclude=id,ID,taxon

 | url = https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=164711
 | title = Gadus macrocephalus
 | publisher = Integrated Taxonomic Information System
 }}

| Template:Citation error }}

{{#invoke:Cite taxon|main|fishbase|genus=|species=|subspecies=}}

External linksEdit

Pacific cod-Gadus macrocephalus fishery profiles Status of Pacific cod fisheries, summarised in FisheriesWiki

Template:Cod topics Template:Commercial fish topics

Template:Taxonbar Template:Authority control