Jan Garbarek

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Template:Short description Template:Infobox musical artist Jan Garbarek ({{#invoke:IPA|main}}) (born 4 March 1947)<ref name="New Grove">Template:Cite book</ref> is a Norwegian jazz saxophonist, who is also active in classical music and world music.

Garbarek was born in Mysen, Østfold, southeastern Norway, the only child of a former Polish prisoner of war, Czesław Garbarek, and a Norwegian woman, Kari Nordbø. He grew up in Oslo, stateless until the age of seven, as there was no automatic grant of citizenship in Norway at the time. When he was 21, he married the author Vigdis Garbarek. He is the father of musician and composer Anja Garbarek.<ref name="Allmusic Bio">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

BiographyEdit

Garbarek's style incorporates a sharp-edged tone, long, keening, sustained notes, and generous use of silence.<ref name="Larkin">Template:Cite book</ref> He began his recording career in the late 1960s, notably featuring on recordings by the American jazz composer George Russell (such as Electronic Sonata for Souls Loved by Nature). By 1973 he had turned his back on the harsh dissonances of avant-garde jazz, retaining only his tone from his previous approach. Garbarek gained wider recognition through his work with pianist Keith Jarrett's European Quartet which released the albums Belonging (1974), My Song (1977), and the live recordings Personal Mountains (1979), and Nude Ants (1979).<ref name="Allmusic Bio"/> He was also a featured soloist on Jarrett's orchestral works Luminessence (1974) and Arbour Zena (1975).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

As a composer, Garbarek tends to draw heavily from Scandinavian folk melodies, a legacy of his Ayler influence. He is also a pioneer of ambient jazz composition, most notably on his 1976 album Dis a collaboration with guitarist Ralph Towner,<ref name="Larkin"/> that featured the distinctive sound of a wind harp on several tracks. This textural approach, which rejects traditional notions of thematic improvisation (best exemplified by Sonny Rollins) in favour of a style described by critics Richard Cook and Brian Morton as "sculptural in its impact", has been critically divisive. Garbarek's more meandering recordings are often labeled as new-age music, or spiritual ancestors thereof. Other experiments have included setting a collection of poems of Olav H. Hauge to music, with a single saxophone complementing a full mixed choir; this has led to notable performances with Grex Vocalis.

In the 1980s, Garbarek's music began to incorporate synthesizers and elements of world music. He has collaborated with Indian and Pakistani musicians such as Trilok Gurtu, Zakir Hussain, Hariprasad Chaurasia, and Bade Fateh Ali Khan.<ref name="Larkin"/> Garbarek is credited for composing original music for the 2000 film Kippur.

In 1994, during the heightened popularity of Gregorian chant, his album Officium, a collaboration with early music vocal performers from the Hilliard Ensemble, became one of ECM's biggest-selling albums of all time, reaching the pop charts in several European countries and was followed by a sequel, Mnemosyne, in 1999. Officium Novum, another sequel album, was released in September 2010. In 2005, his album In Praise of Dreams was nominated for a Grammy Award. Garbarek's first live album Dresden was released in 2009.

GalleryEdit

Awards and honorsEdit

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MembershipsEdit

Garbarek is foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

DiscographyEdit

As leaderEdit

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As sidemanEdit

Template:Div col With Egberto Gismonti

With Charlie Haden and Egberto Gismonti

With Keith Jarrett

With Eleni Karaindrou

  • Music For Films (ECM, 1991)
  • Concert in Athens (ECM, 2013)

With Karin Krog

  • Jazz Moments (1966)
  • Joy (1968)

With Gary Peacock

With Terje Rypdal

With George Russell

With L. Shankar

With Ralph Towner

With Jan Erik Vold

  • Hav (Philips, 1971)
  • Ingentings Bjeller (Polydor, 1977)

With Miroslav Vitouš

With Eberhard Weber

With others

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ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

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