Template:Short description Template:Infobox book "Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems" is a paper published in 1949 by Claude Shannon discussing cryptography from the viewpoint of information theory.<ref>Shannon, "Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems," p. 656. [1]</ref> It is one of the foundational treatments (arguably the foundational treatment) of modern cryptography.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> His work has been described as a "turning point, and marked the closure of classical cryptography and the beginning of modern cryptography."<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> It has also been described as turning cryptography from an "art to a science".<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> It is also a proof that all theoretically unbreakable ciphers must have the same requirements as the one-time pad.
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The paper serves as the foundation of secret-key cryptography, including the work of Horst Feistel, the Data Encryption Standard (DES), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), and more.<ref name=":9">Template:Cite journal</ref> In the paper, Shannon defined unicity distance, and the principles of confusion and diffusion, which are key to a secure cipher.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Shannon published an earlier version of this research in the formerly classified report A Mathematical Theory of Cryptography, Memorandum MM 45-110-02, Sept. 1, 1945, Bell Laboratories.<ref>A Mathematical Theory of Cryptography</ref><ref>Bibliography of Claude Elwood Shannon</ref> This report also precedes the publication of his "A Mathematical Theory of Communication", which appeared in 1948.
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- Shannon, Claude. "Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems", Bell System Technical Journal, vol. 28(4), page 656–715, 1949.
- Shannon, Claude. "A Mathematical Theory of Cryptography", Memorandum MM 45-110-02, Sept. 1, 1945, Bell Laboratories.
- https://www.itsoc.org/about/shannon