Template:Short description Template:Sister project In grammar, the instructive case is a grammatical case used in Finnish, Estonian, and the Turkic languages.
Uralic languagesEdit
In Finnish, the instructive case is used to indicate means, manner, instrument, location, or time. It is almost exclusively used in fixed expressions, such as in {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 'with one's own eyes'.Template:Sfnp However, the instructive is productive for infinitive verbal constructions to indicate manner, as in {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 'laughing': {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 'They stepped in through the door laughing'.Template:Sfnp
In modern Finnish, many of its instrumental uses are being superseded by the adessive case, as in minä matkustin junalla 'I travelled by train'.Template:Citation needed
The instructive case is only marginally present in Estonian in lexicalized expressions. Language reformers of the 20th century did try to revive it, but with little success.Template:Sfnp
TurkishEdit
In Turkish, the suffix -le is used for this purpose; for example, Trenle geldim 'I came via train'.Template:Citation needed
NotesEdit
ReferencesEdit
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