Maykop

Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates{{#invoke:other uses|otheruses}} Template:Infobox Russian inhabited locality MaykopTemplate:Efn is the capital city of Adygea, Russia, located on the right bank of the Belaya River. It borders Maykopsky District, from which it is administratively and municipally independent, to the east and south; Giaginsky District to the north, and Belorechensky District of Krasnodar Krai to the west.

Population: Template:Ru-census Template:Historical populations

HistoryEdit

The city gave its name to the early Bronze Age Maykop culture after the discovery of a royal burial site there in 1897.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Following the establishment of a military camp in 1825,<ref> Template:Cite book </ref> the Imperial Russian Army built a military fort at Maykop in 1857.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

In 1910 oil deposits were discovered in the vicinity of Maykop.<ref> Template:Cite encyclopedia </ref> The city was the administrative center of the Maykopsky Otdel of the Kuban Oblast.

In 1936, Maykop and the surrounding region merged with Adyghe Autonomous Oblast and became the administrative centre of the autonomy. The Wehrmacht occupied Maykop on 10 August 1942 without a fight as a result of a Brandenburger commando operation. German attempts to re-start oil production in the scorched-earth area proved only minimally successful. On 29 January 1943, the Transcaucasian Front of the Red Army re-took the town.<ref>Освобождение городов</ref>

Since 1991 Maykop has served as the capital of the Republic of Adygea in the Russian Federation.

EconomyEdit

File:Солодовенный цех пивоваренного завода "Майкопа"1.jpg

Brewery (cultural heritage)

The discovery of extensive underground oil reserves has made Maykop a major centre for oil extraction for the Soviet Union and, subsequently, Russia. Other economically important sectors are food processing and the timber industry.

Administrative and municipal statusEdit

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with eight rural localities, incorporated as Maykop Republican Urban Okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.<ref name="Ref1">Law #171</ref> It has the following rural localities under its jurisdiction:<ref name="Mun">Law #223</ref>

khutor of Gaverdovsky
stanitsa of Khanskaya
khutor of Kosinov
settlement of Podgorny
settlement of Rodnikovy
settlement of Severny
khutor of Vesyoly
settlement of Zapadny

As a municipal division, Maykop Republican Urban Okrug is incorporated as Maykop Urban Okrug.<ref name="Ref1m">Law #171 stipulates that the borders of the republican urban okrugs are identical to those of the municipal urban okrugs.</ref>

Ethnic groupsEdit

File:Майкопская мечеть.JPG

Grand Mosque of Maykop

File:Свято-Троицкий кафедральный собор (Майкоп).jpg

Holy Trinity Orthodox cathedral

Ethnic groups in Maykop (2010):<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Ethnicity	Population	Percentage
Russians	96 119	71,29%
Adyghe	26 584	18,19%
Armenians	4 085	3,03%
Ukrainians	2 537	1,88%
Cherkess	1 812	1,34%
Tatars	895	0,66%
Belarusians	530	0,39%
Chechens	448	0,33%
Azerbaijanis	339	0,25%
Caucasus Greeks	312	0,23%
Kabardians	246	0,18%
Georgians	241	0,18%
Germans	235	0,17%
Romani	201	0,15%
Ingush	155	0,11%
Ossetians	152	0,11%
Abkhaz	136	0,10%
Uzbeks	102	0,08%
Others	1 757	1,30%

Ethnic groups in Maykop (2020):<ref name="ВПН2020">Итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2020 года. Том 5. Национальный состав и владение языками. Таблица 1. Национальный состав населения</ref>

Ethnicity	Population	Percentage
Russians	84 913	59,22%
Adyghe	20 339	14,18%
Cherkess	5 750	4,01%
Armenians	3 242	2,26%
Ukrainians	925	0,65%
Tatars	556	0,39%
Turkmens	461	0,32%
Chechens	363	0,25%
Azerbaijanis	302	0,21%
Others	26 534	18,31%

EducationEdit

File:Средняя школа №5 (женская гимназия) Майкопа 1.jpg

Maykop female grammar school

Maykop is home to the Adyghe State University and Maykop State Technological University. There are also several facilities of professional education in Maykop. There are many schools. For example, Adyghe Republican Gymnasium which is located near the mosque, the theatre and the park of friendship. It has 11 grades. There are many rules: students must wear a uniform, girls must have pony tails or braids. The school has five buildings. There is a sports hall where students play basketball and volleyball. There is also a football pitch where boys play football. A canteen is a separate building.