Template:Short description Template:Multiple issues Template:Infobox road
The Beijing–Harbin Expressway (Template:Zh), designated as G1 and commonly abbreviated as Jingha Expressway (Template:Zh) is an expressway linking the cities of Beijing and Harbin, Heilongjiang.
The Beijing–Harbin Expressway is commonly referred to as the Jingha Expressway. This name is derived from the two one-character Chinese abbreviations of the two cities at which the expressway terminates, Jing for Beijing and Ha for Harbin.
RouteEdit
The Beijing–Harbin Expressway runs from Beijing, the national capital, to Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province. It passes through the following major cities:<ref name="highway">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Beijing
- Langfang, Hebei
- Tianjin
- Tangshan, Hebei
- Qinhuangdao, Hebei
- Huludao, Liaoning
- Jinzhou, Liaoning
- Shenyang, Liaoning
- Siping, Jilin
- Changchun, Jilin
- Harbin, Heilongjiang
HistoryEdit
The first section of the Beijing–Harbin Expressway, opened in the 1990s was the short-lived Jingqin Expressway, running between the outskirts of Beijing and Qinhuangdao.Template:Citation needed
In the 1990s the expressway was extended northeast from Qinhuangdao to Shenyang and westward to the 4th Ring Road in Beijing to become the Jingshen Expressway. The 658 km expressway from central Beijing to Shenyang was completed in time for the 50th anniversary of the People's Republic of China. It opened to the general motoring public on September 15, 1999, after four years of work on different sections.Template:Citation needed
The expressway was extended to Harbin during the rapid expansion of the Chinese expressway system in the 2000s. The completed expressway was opened on September 28, 2001. It is now one of the seven radial expressways emanating from Beijing.
Improvements were made to the expressway in 2003 and 2004 by removing several toll stations in 2003 and repairing the previously uneven road surface between the 6th Ring Road and Xijizhen in Beijing in 2004.Template:Citation needed
On October 8, 2004, 36 vehicles were involved a horrendous series of car crashes on the expressway. The crashes occurred in the westbound lanes near the interchange with the Jinji Expressway, in the Tianjin municipality. Traffic was delayed up for over one and a half hours.Template:Citation needed
Toll networkEdit
When the expressway opened in September 1999, there was a large amount of complaints about the number of toll booths. In some cases, a toll booth appeared every 15 kilometres.
The Jingshen expressway was constructed by several different organisations, and as a result, each organization set up their own toll gate. This made the route slow to travel on, as traffic piled up in front of toll gates.
The PRC Ministry of Communications declared that, effective September 1, 2003, the Baodi toll gate in Tianjin and the Yutian toll gate in Hebei would be demolished, in order to create a networked toll system. Additionally, two expressway toll gates near Shanhaiguan would be merged as one. These plans also suggested that the toll gate at Bailu, Beijing, just east of the Eastern 5th Ring Road, would be demolished as well, as soon as Beijing finished joining the networked toll system. The toll gate at Xianghe in Hebei, however, would be kept.
Thus, for the section from Xianghe in western Hebei through to Shanhaiguan in eastern Hebei (and even through the Tianjin portion), this networked toll system applies—one of the first of its kind. This does away with the previous system, where toll booths appeared every time the jurisdiction changed. For some odd reason, Beijing and Liaoning are still not part of the networked toll system.
China plans to expand the networked toll system nationwide, starting with the Jingshen expressway as a testing ground. The changes have been accepted positively. Average speed on the expressway has gone up, and the Road Traffic Safety Law of the People's Republic of China raised maximum speed limits on expressways nationwide from 110 km/h to 120 km/h. These improvements have made traffic jams far less frequent.
Detailed facilitiesEdit
| District/County | City | Province | Location | km | Junction | Destinations | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chaoyang | Beijing | Sifang Bridge | 0 | 4th Ring Road – towards Sihui (north) / Shibalidian (south) Shuanglong Road – Beijing University of Technology |
No north-to-west ramp, west-to-south traffic via side road | ||
| Houfeng Bridge (Louzizhuang) | W. Jinchan Road – Nanlouzizhuang (north) / Happy Valley Beijing (south) (via side road) |
No westbound entrance File:Beijing Subway simplified logo.svg Nanlouzizhuang & Happy Valley | |||||
| Fatou | Houjin Road (eastbound) (via side road) |
Westbound entrance and eastbound exit | |||||
| Fatou Bridge | Huagong Road – towards Template:Jct (S. 5th Ring) (south) / Nanmofang (northwest) | Westbound exits, eastbound entrances and west-to-south exit | |||||
| Wangsiying Bridge | Gaobeidian Road (via side road) |
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| Beijing Anti-drug Education Base | Side road | Westbound entrance and eastbount exit | |||||
| Wufang Bridge | Template:Jct (E. 5th Ring) – towards Guangqu Freeway (north) / Template:Jct (south) | ||||||
| Dougezhuang | W. Tonghuiguanqu Road (eastbound) / Shuangqiao Road (westbound) (via side road) |
Westbound entrance and eastbount exit allows U-turn to westbound via side road | |||||
| Langxinzhuang | Rongchen Road (eastbound) / Langxinzhuang Road (Westbound) (via side road) |
No westbound exit two westbound entrances, one directly access and another via side road | |||||
| Beijing Bailu | Toll | – | Has westbound parking area | ||||
| Chaoyang / Tongzhou | Puhe No.1 Bridge (Taihu) | Template:Jct Tongma Road – towards Jiukeshu (northeast) / Template:Jct (southwest) | File:Beijing Subway simplified logo.svg Heizhuanghu & Wanshengxi | ||||
| Tongzhou | Tianjiafu | Universal Beijing Resort parking area / Huanqiu Avenue / Rixin Road / Qiantian Road / Wenlü Road / Yunliangyinhe Road | |||||
| Tianjiafu | Service Area | – | |||||
| Shiyuan Bridge (Zhangjiawan) | Template:Jct (E. 6th Ring) – towards Tongzhou (northeast-bound) / Daxing (southwest-bound) Xijian Road (west-to-south exit) Template:Jct Zhangtai Road (southeastern entrance) Dagaolizhuang Road (northwestern entrance) |
File:Beijing Subway simplified logo.svg Universal Resort | |||||
| Yaoxinzhuang Bridge (Kuoxian) | Template:Jct – Zhangjiawan (northwest) / Kuoxian (southeast) Template:Jct |
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| Langfu 4th Bridge | Suwang Road – Template:Jct Hulang Road (west) | ||||||
| Xiji 1st Bridge | Template:Jct Chuangyi Middle Road Liangli 5th Street |
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| Xiji | Police check | – | Westbound | ||||
| Xiaohuidian Bridge | Template:Jct – towards Sanhe (north) / Langfang (southwest) | ||||||
| U-turn ramp | Westbound | internal access | |||||
| Xianghe, Langfang, Hebei | Xianghe | Template:Jct (Wuyi Road) – Dachang (north) / Xianghe (south) | Has also Service Area | ||||
| Xianghe East | Tongbao Road – Beijing Jingshan School Xianghe Campus (east) / Template:Jct Pingxiang Highway (west) | ||||||
| Baodi, Tianjin | Baoping | Template:Jct Pingbao Highway – Houjiaying (north) / Baodi (south) | |||||
| Niudaokou | Service Area | – | Eastbound | ||||
| Baodi | Service Area | – | |||||
| Jinwei | Template:Jct (Jinwei Highway) | ||||||
| Baodi North | Template:Jct Jinji Expressway – towards Jizhou (north) / Tianjin Urban Area (south) | ||||||
| Jingha Expwy Junction | Template:Jct – towards Jizhou (north) / Binhai (south) | ||||||
| Xinzhong | Template:Jct Xinzhong Road (north) Template:Jct Linzhong Road (south) |
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| Xinanzhen | Service Area | – | |||||
| Yutian | Tangshan | Hebei | Yutian | Template:Jct | |||
| Yutian | Service Area | – | |||||
| Yahongqiao | Template:Jct Yubin Highway | ||||||
| Fengrun | Gaogezhuang | Template:Jct – towards Zunhua (north) / Fengnan (south) | |||||
| Tangshan North | Template:Jct (N. Jianshe Road) | File:China Railways.svg Fengrun South | |||||
| Fengrun | Parking Area | – | |||||
| Fengrun / Kaiping | Donghuanggezhuang | Template:Jct – towards Wangpanzhuang | |||||
| Luanzhou | Yizishan | Template:Jct – towards Qianxi | |||||
| Zhenzizhen | Template:Jct Qiancao Highway | ||||||
| Luanzhou | Service Area | – | |||||
| Qian'an | Shaheyi | Template:Jct – towards Qian'an (north) / Luanzhou (south) | |||||
| Qian'an | Parking Area | – | |||||
| Qian'an Luanzhou | Template:Jct (Pingqingle Highway) | File:China Railways.svg Luanhe | |||||
| Lulong | Qinhuangdao | Lulong | Service Area | – | |||
| Lulong | Template:Jct Luchen Highway (Longcheng Road) – Sheliu Highway (south) | ||||||
| Funing | Funing | Template:Jct E. Binhe Road – Template:Jct (north) | File:China Railways.svg Funing | ||||
| Beidaihe | Template:Jct – towards Beidaihe | ||||||
| Beidaihe | Service Area | – | |||||
| Daishantou | Template:Jct – towards Changli (south) Template:Jct – towards Daxinzhai (north) |
||||||
| Qinhuangdao | Zushan Connection Highway – Template:Jct (north) | File:China Railways.svg Houying | |||||
| Haigang | Qinhuangdao North | Template:Jct Qinqing Road – Template:Jct (north) | File:China Railways.svg Qinhuangdao | ||||
| Qinhuangdao East | N. Donggang Road – Template:Jct Chengqin Chuhai Road (north) | ||||||
| Shanhaiguan | Maojiagou | Template:Jct – towards Liujiang National Park (northwest) / Ledao Park (southeast) | north-to-west and south-to-west ramps are under construction | ||||
| Hebei Shanhaiguan Gate | – | – | formerly toll booth, now a tourism gate | ||||
| Shanhaiguan | Service Area | – | |||||
| Shanhaiguan, Qinhuangdao, Hebei / Suizhong, Huludao, Liaoning | Mengjiang Shanhaiguan | Template:Jct (N. Guancheng Road) Template:Jct N. Zhejiang Road |
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| Suizhong | Huludao | Liaoning | Dongdaihe | Template:Jct Dongdaihe Street |
File:China Railways.svg Dongdaihe / Wanjia | ||
| Wanjia | Service Area | – | |||||
| Xidianzi | Jiumenkou Branch Expressway | northeast-bound entrance and southwest-bound exit | |||||
| Qianwei | Template:Jct | ||||||
| Qianwei | Template:Jct | ||||||
| Suizhong | Service Area | – | |||||
| Suizhong | Template:Jct (Wenhua Road) Hanjia Road |
File:China Railways.svg Suizhong North | |||||
| Xingcheng | Dazhai | Template:Jct | |||||
| Shahousuo | Shashang Highway – Template:Jct (east) | File:China Railways.svg Shahousuo | |||||
| Xingcheng | Service Area | – | |||||
| Xingcheng | Xingxi Highway – Template:Jct (east) | File:China Railways.svg Xingcheng | |||||
| Xingcheng North | Template:Jct – towards Template:Jct (east) / Jianchang (west) | ||||||
| Lianshan | Huludao | Haichen Road – Template:Jct (east) | File:China Railways.svg Huludao North | ||||
| Huludao East | Daodong Highway – Template:Jct (southeast) Hujin Highway |
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| Tashan | Service Area | – | |||||
| Tashan | Template:Jct | ||||||
| Nanpiao | Nanpiao | Template:Jct | File:China Railways.svg Gaoqiaozhen | ||||
| Taihe | Jinzhou | Jinzhou | Template:Jct (Bohai Avenue) – Jinzhou (north) / Template:Jct (south) | File:China Railways.svg Jinzhou South | |||
| Songshan | Template:Jct – towards Chaoyang | Start of G16 concurrency | |||||
| Jinzhou East | Service Area | – | |||||
| Jinzhou East | Template:Jct Longqiwan Avenue |
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| Linghai | Linghai | Service Area | – | ||||
| Mingzitun | Template:Jct – towards Yixian | Connection to an unnamed road is under construction | |||||
| Linghai | Template:Jct Linghai Avenue | File:China Railways.svg Linghai South | |||||
| Guanghui | Service Area | – | |||||
| Guanghui | Template:Jct Dajin Highway | ||||||
| Panshan, Panjin | Panshan | Template:Jct – towards Dawa Template:Jct – towards Beizhen |
End of G16 concurrency | ||||
| Panjin | Service Area | – | |||||
| Panjin North | Template:Jct (Liaohe Road north section / W. Huancheng Road north section) | File:China Railways.svg Hujiazhen | |||||
| Gaosheng | Template:Jct N. Gaosheng Road | ||||||
| Tai'an, Anshan | Xujiawobao | Antai Expressway | |||||
| Tai'an | Template:Jct Anyang Road Yingbin Road |
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| Liaozhong | Shenyang | Liaozhong | Template:Jct – towards Xinmin (northwest) / Liaoyang (southeast) | ||||
| Liaozhong | Service Area | – | |||||
| Liaozhong | Template:Jct Shangye Street Beiwu Road |
File:China Railways.svg Liaozhong | |||||
| Ciyutuo | Template:Jct Template:Jct Sixiao Highway |
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| Ciyutuo | Template:Jct – towards Dengta | ||||||
| Tiexi | Gaohua | Panwu Highway | has also Service Area File:China Railways.svg Gaohua | ||||
| Tiexi / Yuhong | Shenyang West | Shenda Road | |||||
| Beiliguan | Template:Jct – towards Sujiatun | Start of G1113 and G1501 concurrency End of Template:Jct section, start of Template:Jct section File:Metro icon black and transparent background.svg Yingbinlu | |||||
| Yuhong | Shenyang | Service Area | – | only on side of north-to-west ramp of Beiliguan junction | |||
| Hongqitai | Template:Jct (Hongxing Road) W. Guangye Road Dongpinghu Street |
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| Dazhuanwan | Template:Jct – towards Xinmin | End of G1113 concurrency | |||||
| Xijiang Street | Xijiang Street Qiyunshan Road |
File:China Railways.svg Zhuanwanqiao | |||||
| Yuhong / Huanggu | Santaizi | Template:Jct (N. Huanghe Avenue) | File:Metro icon black and transparent background.svg Shifandaxue and Yixueyuan | ||||
| Shenbei | Lingyuan Street | Xiaoxin Street Luohu Street |
File:China Railways.svg Tianyitun | ||||
| Shenbei | Template:Jct (was File:Liaoning Expwy S2 sign no name.svg S2) – towards Faku | ||||||
| Dadong / Shenbei | Zhuertun | Template:Jct (N. Wanghua Street) | File:China Railways.svg Huishan | ||||
| Dadong | Yulin | Service Area | – | ||||
| Dadong / Shenbei | Wangjiagou | Template:Jct – towards Dongling Park Wangjiagou Street |
End of G1501 concurrency | ||||
| Shenbei | Puhe | Template:Jct (N. Huishan Street) | |||||
| Qingshuitai | Template:Jct Hangzhou Road | ||||||
| Tieling | Tieling | Tieling South | Wanquan Road | ||||
| Yaobao | Service Area | – | |||||
| Yaobao | Template:Jct – towards Qixing Lake (northwest) / Fushun (southeast) | ||||||
| Tieling New Area | Ganjiang Road | File:China Railways.svg Luanshishan & Tieling West | |||||
| Yinzhou | Tieling | Template:Jct (Chaihe Street south section) | |||||
| Tieling | Service Area | – | |||||
| Tieling North | Template:Jct | ||||||
| Kaiyuan | Kaiyuan | Service Area | – | ||||
| Kaiyuan | Xiaolitai Street – Template:Jct (Yihe Road) | ||||||
| Jingouzi | Template:Jct – towards Xifeng Template:Jct |
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| Changtu | Changtu | Service Area | – | ||||
| Changtu | Template:Jct | ||||||
| Shuangmiaozi | Shuangshang Highway – Template:Jct (west) | ||||||
| Xingshan | Template:Jct – towards Kangping | Northbound entrance and Southbound exit | |||||
| Changtu, Tieling Liaoning / Tiedong, Siping, Jilin | Maojiadian | Service Area | – | ||||
| Tiedong | Siping | Jilin | Siping | Template:Jct (Kaifaquda Road) | |||
| Siping | Service Area | – | |||||
| Lishu | Lishu | Template:Jct – towards Shuangliao (northwest) / Liaoyuan (southeast) | |||||
| Lishu East | Template:Jct | ||||||
| Kaoshantun | Service Area | – | |||||
| Guojiadian | Template:Jct | ||||||
| Gongzhuling | Changchun | Gongzhuling | Service Area | – | |||
| Gongzhuling | Yingbin Road – Template:Jct | File:China Railways.svg Gongzhuling South | |||||
| Tianyuanzi | Template:Jct | ||||||
| Taojiatun | Service Area | – | |||||
| Fanjiatun | Template:Jct – Template:Jct (northwest) | File:China Railways.svg Fanjiatun | |||||
| Fanjiatun | Service Area | – | |||||
| Gongzhuling / Chaoyang | Banjiegou | Template:Jct – towards Lüyuan | Start of G2501 concurrency | ||||
| Nanguan | Changchun | Service Area | – | ||||
| Changchun South | Template:Jct (was Template:Jct) – towards Yitong Yatai Street Freeway |
File:Metro icon black and transparent background.svg Huaqing Road | |||||
| Erdao | Jingyue | Template:Jct (Jingyue Street) | File:Metro icon black and transparent background.svg Shiji Square & Jinxin Street | ||||
| Jingyue | Template:Jct | ||||||
| Changchun East | Template:Jct – towards Jilin Jilinda Road |
Start of G12 concurrency File:China Railways.svg Changchun East & Longquan File:Metro icon black and transparent background.svg Dongfang Square | |||||
| Kuancheng | Xinglong | Template:Jct Changji North Route | |||||
| Yuanda Street | N. Yuanda Street | File:Metro icon black and transparent background.svg Daxuecheng Road | |||||
| Xiaoxitun | Template:Jct – towards Lüyuan | End of G12 and G2501 concurrency | |||||
| Mishazi | Service Area | – | |||||
| Sino-Korean Demonstration Area | Template:Jct | ||||||
| Dehui | Zhuchengzi | Template:Jct | |||||
| Zhuchengzi | Parking Area | – | |||||
| Dehui | Template:Jct | ||||||
| Dehui | Service Area | – | |||||
| Dehui | Songbai Road | ||||||
| Dehui North | Service Area | – | |||||
| Caiyuanzi | Template:Jct | ||||||
| Fuyu, Songyuan | Taolaizhao | Template:Jct Yutao Highway | |||||
| Taolaizhao | Service Area | – | |||||
| Fuyu | Template:Jct – towards Yushu (east) / Songyuan (west) | ||||||
| Fuyu | Template:Jct Sanchahe Street |
File:China Railways.svg Fuyu North | |||||
| Fuyu | Parking Area | – | |||||
| Caijiagou | Template:Jct | ||||||
| Shuangcheng | Harbin, Heilongjiang | Lalinhe | Service Area | – | |||
| Shijia | Template:Jct | ||||||
| Shuangcheng | Parking Area | – | |||||
| Shuangcheng | Baoxu Avenue | ||||||
| Xinxing | Template:Jct | ||||||
| Xinxing | Qianjiang Road, Xing'an Road | ||||||
| Yunlianghe | Service Area | – | |||||
| Nangang | Hangtiancheng | Songhua Road | |||||
| Xiangfang | Harbin South | Template:Jct – towards Template:Jct (east) / HRB (west) | |||||
| Harbin South | Toll | – | |||||
| Xuefu Road | Xuefu Road | File:Harbin Metro logo.svg Tongjiang Road & Wapenyao
ReferencesEditTemplate:Attached KML Template:Reflist Template:NTHS Expressways Template:Roads and Expressways of Beijing |
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