GM Ecotec engine

Template:Redirect The GM Ecotec engine, also known by its codename L850, is a family of inline-four engines, displacing between 1.2 and 2.5 litres. Confusingly, the Ecotec name was also applied to both the Buick V6 Engine when used in Holden Vehicles, as well as the final DOHC derivatives of the previous GM Family II engine; the architecture was substantially re-engineered for this new Ecotec application produced since 2000. This engine family replaced the GM Family II engine, the GM 122 engine, the Saab H engine, and the Quad 4 engine. It is manufactured in multiple locations, to include Spring Hill Manufacturing, in Spring Hill, Tennessee, with engine blocks and cylinder heads cast at Saginaw Metal Casting Operations in Saginaw, Michigan. Template:TOC limit

Generation I

Template:Infobox automobile engine The "Ecotec" name was adopted in 1994 for the new generation of Family II engines (2000 in North America) . The name was already used for the Opel GM Family II engine, Family 1 and Family 0 ranges. GM intended this new Ecotec to become its global 4-cylinder, and it has already fully replaced their OHV I4 line.

The Ecotec engine is a DOHC 4-valve design with a lost foam cast aluminium block and head (L850 for 86 mm bore applications, and L880 for 88 mm boreTemplate:Citation needed), designed for displacements from 1.8 to 2.4 L. Development began in 1994, by an international team of engineers and technicians from Opel's International Technical Development Center in Rüsselsheim, Germany, GM Powertrain in Pontiac, Michigan, and Saab in Södertälje, Sweden.<ref name="Auto Channel 2.2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Much of the development work on this project was carried out by Lotus Engineering, Hethel, United Kingdom. The engine uses aluminium pistons and cast iron cylinder liners. Vibration is reduced with twin balance shafts.

The first engine in the Ecotec Gen I line-up was Ecotec 2.2 L61, introduced in May 1999.

The current Ecotec line is manufactured in Tonawanda, New York.<ref name="Auto Channel 2.2" />

2.0

Template:Anchor LK9

File:Gm ecotec LK9 saab93.jpg

Saab B207 engine in a 2008 Saab 9-3 2.0T

This engine is also known as B207 when used by Saab and Z20NET by Opel for use in the Vectra C and Signum.

LK9 is a turbocharged Template:Cvt version of the L850 (86 mm bore) series Ecotec utilizing an all-new reinforced sand cast aluminium cylinder head and upgraded internal components. The engine features a five-bearing forged steel crankshaft, strengthened connecting rods, redesigned pistons, piston oil cooling jets, reprofiled camshafts and an integrated oil cooler.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The exhaust valves are liquid sodium-cooled. All vehicles using this engine feature Saab's Trionic 8 (T8) engine management system as well as a revised valve train. The timing chain and timing gears are also new, along with Saab's Direct Ignition system. The reinforcements, turbocharging, intercooling, internals, dual overhead camshaft, and such were developed by GM Powertrain Sweden (Saab Automobile Powertrain). It features an Template:Cvt bore and stroke and a 9.5:1 compression ratio. Maximum power is Template:Cvt at 5300 rpm and Template:Cvt of torque at 2500 rpm. Maximum boost is Template:Cvt.

Applications:

• 2003–2014 Saab 9-3 – B207E, B207L, B207R
• 2003–2008 Opel Vectra – Z20NET (rebadged B207L)
• 2003–2008 Opel Signum – Z20NET (rebadged B207L)
• 2006–2010 Cadillac BLS – B207L, B207R

Model	Years	Power	Torque	Turbocharger	Boost Pressure
1.8t (B207E)	2003–2006	Template:Cvt @ 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000–3500 rpm	Template:Ubl	Template:Cvt
1.8t (B207E)	2006–2012	Template:Cvt @ 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000–3500 rpm	Template:Ubl	Template:Cvt
2.0t (B207L)	2003–2006	Template:Cvt @ 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2500–4000 rpm	Template:Ubl	Template:Cvt
2.0t (B207L)	2006–2012	Template:Cvt @ 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2500–4000 rpm	Template:Ubl	Template:Cvt
2.0T (B207R)	2003–2014	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2500–4000 rpm	Template:Ubl	Template:Cvt

LSJ

File:2006 Saturn Ion Red Line engine.jpg

Ecotec LSJ engine in a 2006 Saturn Ion Red Line

The LSJ is a supercharged version of the LK9 Ecotec Template:Cvt with an Eaton M62 Roots-type supercharger and air-to-liquid intercooler. The LSJ shares many of its components with the LK9 such as: piston cooling jets, oil cooler, pistons, connecting rods, crankshaft, oil pan, sodium-filled exhaust valves and cylinder head.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It is rated at Template:Cvt at 5600 rpm and Template:Cvt at 4400 rpm with a compression ratio of 9.5:1 and a 6450 rpm redline. With the end of the Chevy Cobalt S/C SS and Saturn Ion Red Line, the LSJ was discontinued after 2007. In late 2005 Brammo Motorsports struck a deal with GM for the Supercharged 2.0 L Ecotec for their Ariel Atom. The engine came in various ratings from Template:Cvt to Template:Cvt.

The LSJ was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 2006.

This engine is used in:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2004–2007	Saturn Ion Red Line	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm
2005–2007	Chevrolet Cobalt SS Supercharged Coupe	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm

2.2

L61

File:Chevrolet classic engine.jpg

Ecotec L61 engine in a Chevrolet Classic (Malibu)

File:2003 Pontiac Sunfire Ecotec.JPG

2003 Pontiac Sunfire Ecotec engine

File:2003CavalierL61Engine.jpg

Ecotec L61 installed in a 2003 Chevrolet Cavalier

{{#invoke:Hatnote|hatnote}}

The basic Family II architecture was substantially re-engineered in 2000 to become the Ecotec Gen I. Unlike its notably harsh predecessor, the engine was designed for smoothness. Dual in-block balance shafts were integral to the design, the power-steering pump was mounted directly to the cylinder head and driven by the intake camshaft, the water-pump housing was cast into the block, and the A/C compressor and alternator were mounted directly on the block without brackets. The oil filter housing was cast into the block with a removable cover and replaceable paper element. It did not use an EGR valve. The Ecotec line is manufactured in Tonawanda, New York, and Kaiserslautern, Germany, and was also manufactured for Saturn in Spring Hill, Tennessee, until Saturn's discontinuation. In North America, this engine replaced both the Quad-4 and the GM 122 engines and first appeared in the 2000 Saturn L-Series.<ref name="Auto Channel 2.2" />

The L61 is a Template:Cvt version with a lost-foam cast aluminium cylinder head and block; it features an Template:Cvt bore and Template:Cvt stroke<ref name="Auto Channel 2.2" /> and either a 9.5:1 compression ratio or a 10.0:1. The engine is Template:Cvt in length, Template:Cvt in width, Template:Cvt in height and approximately Template:Cvt.<ref name="Auto Channel 2.2" />

The Ecotec 2.2, model L61 first appeared in the 2000 Saturn LS1; the L61-powered Saturn Ion also replaced the Saturn-powered Saturn S-Series.

There are a few variations to the standard L61. The 2003 Saturn L-Series has a high output version with higher (10:1) compression and more aggressive camshaft. The 2004–2008 Chevrolet Malibu uses a version with electronic throttle control and a special unitized exhaust manifold and catalytic converter. The Malibu and Saturn versions also use return-less fuel injection. The 2002 Saturn VUE was the first North American variant of the L61 to be equipped with electronic throttle control, whereas other applications did not arise until 2005 in the Saturn ION and Chevrolet Cobalt. For 2007, introduced an updated version of the L61 based on the Gen II design.

The supercharger and inlet manifold from the 2.0 Ecotec LSJ engine can be purchased as an official kit from GM and along with modified software in the ECM, can create a 2.2 supercharged version of this engine.

The L61 was used in the following cars:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque	Compression ratio
2002	Chevrolet Cavalier	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm	10.0:1
2003–2005			Template:Cvt @ 4000 rpm
2005–2006	Chevrolet Cobalt	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4000 rpm	10.0:1
2006	Chevrolet HHR	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4000 rpm	10.0:1
2004	Chevrolet Malibu	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4000 rpm	10.0:1
2005–2006		Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm
2002–2004	Oldsmobile Alero	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4000 rpm	10.0:1
2002	Pontiac Grand Am	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm	10.0:1
2003–2005			Template:Cvt @ 4000 rpm
2002	Pontiac Sunfire	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm	10.0:1
2003–2005			Template:Cvt @ 4000 rpm
2005–2006	Pontiac Pursuit/G5	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4000 rpm	10.0:1
2000	Saturn L-Series	Template:Cvt @ 5800 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm	9.5:1
2001–2003		Template:Cvt @ 5200 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm
2004		Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4000 rpm
2003–2006	Saturn Ion	Template:Cvt @ 5800 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm	10.0:1
2002–2005	Saturn Vue	Template:Cvt @ 5400 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4000 rpm	10.0:1
2006		Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm
2007		Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm
2001–2005	Opel Speedster/Vauxhall VX220<ref name="Auto Channel 2.2" />	Template:Cvt @ 5800 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4000 rpm
2000–2003	Opel/Vauxhall Astra<ref name="Auto Channel 2.2" />	Template:Cvt @ 5800 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4000 rpm
2001–2002	Opel/Vauxhall Vectra<ref name="Auto Channel 2.2" />	Template:Cvt @ 5800 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4000 rpm
2000–2003	Opel/Vauxhall Zafira<ref name="Auto Channel 2.2" />	Template:Cvt @ 5800 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4000 rpm
2001–2006	Holden Astra (TS)	Template:Cvt @ 5800 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4000 rpm

This engine also powered the Japanese-market Subaru Traviq, a badge-engineered Opel Zafira A.<ref name="Gazoo">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Following the GM–Fiat agreement, the 2.2 L engine is also used in:

• Fiat Croma unmodified
• Alfa Romeo 159 heavy modified with Gasoline direct injection

Z22YH

A direct injection version of the Template:Cvt Ecotec features Template:Cvt of power at 5600 rpm and Template:Cvt of torque at 3800 rpm with a compression ratio of 12.0:1, and has been available in:

• 2003 Opel/Vauxhall Vectra
• 2003 Opel/Vauxhall Signum
• 2005 Opel/Vauxhall Zafira
• 2006–2009 Holden Astra (Australia and New Zealand only)

L42

The Ecotec 2.2, model L42 is a version of the Ecotec 2.2 designed to run on compressed natural gas (CNG). It delivers Template:Cvt and Template:Cvt. It is used in the 2003–2004 Chevrolet Cavalier.

Generation II

2.0 LNF (Z20NHH Opel)

File:Car show 013.jpg

Ecotec LNF in a Pontiac Solstice

A turbocharged direct-injected (redubbed Spark Ignition Direct Injection) Ecotec was introduced in the 2007 Pontiac Solstice GXP and Saturn Sky Red Line. In these applications, the engine is mounted longitudinally. Displacement is Template:Cvt with a square Template:Cvt bore and stroke. Compression is 9.2:1 and maximum boost is Template:Cvt, delivering Template:Cvt at 5300 rpm and Template:Cvt of torque from 2500 to 5250 rpm. Engine redline is at 6300 rpm and premium fuel is recommended. The sodium filled exhaust valves were based on technology developed for the Corvette V8 powertrains. The sodium fuses and becomes a liquid at idle, which improves thermal conductivity and draws heat away from the valve face and valve guide towards the stem to be cooled by the engine oil circulating in this area. The camshaft-driven direct injection systems pressurizes the fuel to Template:Cvt at idle, and up to Template:Cvt at wide-open throttle. The "Gen II" block is similar to the 2.4 L and also features VVT technology. The Gen II block was developed using data from racing programs and computer simulations. The bore walls and bulkheads were strengthened with a weight increase of Template:Cvt. The coolant jackets were expanded to improve heat transfer, resulting in a coolant capacity increase of 0.5 liters.

In December 2008, GM released a Turbo Upgrade Kit for the LNF engine which increases horsepower to Template:Cvt and torque to up to Template:Cvt, depending on the model. The kit retailed for $650 and includes remapped engine calibration and upgraded 3 MAP sensors. The kit is covered by the cars' existing GM warranties.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Boost pressure was increased from 18psi (1.24 bar) to 21psi (1.44 bar).

Unique LNF features<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> include:

• a twin-scroll turbocharger
• cam-driven high-pressure gasoline direct injection fuel system
• dual-camshaft continuously variable valve timing
• sodium-filled stainless steel Inconel exhaust valves
• low-friction cast aluminium pistons with oil squirters
• forged steel crankshaft
• forged steel connecting rods
• cast stainless steel exhaust manifold
• foam-cast Gen2 block
• Bosch injectors (0 261 500 055) or slightly larger (0 261 500 089) injectors in 2010 models

This engine is used in:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2007–2010	Opel GT	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000 rpm
2007–2010	Pontiac Solstice GXP	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000 rpm
2007–2010	Saturn Sky Red Line	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000 rpm
2008–2010	Chevrolet HHR SS	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000 rpm
2008–2010	Chevrolet Cobalt SS	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000 rpm
2009	Elfin T5	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000 rpm
2012	Fisker Karma	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000 rpm

2.0 LDK (A20NHT Opel)

An updated variant of the LNF (also with 9.2:1 compression ratio) was released in 2008, meeting the Euro 5 emission standard. This engine is also known as A20NHT by GM Powertrain Europe.

Unique LDK features include:

• a twin-scroll turbocharger
• cam-driven high-pressure gasoline direct injection fuel system
• dual camshaft continuously variable valve timing
• sodium-filled stainless steel Inconel exhaust valves
• low-friction cast aluminium pistons with oil squirters
• forged steel crankshaft
• cast stainless steel exhaust manifold
• foam-cast Gen2 block
• Bosch injectors (0 261 500 055)

This engine is used in:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2008–2013	Opel Insignia / Vauxhall Insignia	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2500 rpm
2009–2010	Buick Regal Turbo	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2500 rpm
2010–2013	Buick Regal GS (China Market)	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2500 rpm
2009–2010	Buick Regal Turbo (Hirsch Performance)	Template:Cvt @ 5400 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 3000–4000 rpm
2010–2013	Buick Regal GS (Hirsch Performance)	Template:Cvt @ 5400 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 3000–4000 rpm
2010–2012	Saab 9-5	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2500 rpm
2011–2013	Cadillac SLS (China)	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000–5000 rpm
2014–2017	Buick Regal GS (China Market)	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000–5000 rpm

LHU (A20NFT Opel)

LHU adds E85 flex-fuel capability to the LDK. This engine is also known as A20NFT by GM Powertrain Europe. Maximum engine speed is listed at 6350 rpm.

Unique LHU features include:

• a twin-scroll turbocharger
• cam-driven high-pressure gasoline direct injection fuel system
• dual camshaft continuously variable valve timing
• sodium-filled stainless steel Inconel exhaust valves
• low-friction cast aluminium pistons with oil squirters
• forged steel crankshafts
• cast stainless steel exhaust manifold
• sand-cast Gen3 block
• Larger Bosch injectors (0 261 500 112) with ethanol-safe seals for flex-fuel compatibility

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque	Notes
2011–2013	Buick Regal Turbo	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000 rpm
2014	Saab 9-3 Turbo4 (NEVS)	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2500 rpm	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2011–2012	Saab 9-5 Turbo4	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000 rpm
2013–2016	Buick Verano Turbo<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000 rpm
2011–2013	Buick Regal GS	Template:Cvt<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Template:Cvt @ 2400 rpm
2011–2013	Opel Insignia / Vauxhall Insignia 4×4	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2400–3600 rpm
2012–2017	Opel Astra J OPC / Vauxhall Astra J VXR	Template:Cvt @ 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2500–4500 rpm
2014–2017	Buick Regal GS (Hirsch Performance)	Template:Cvt @ 5400 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 3000–4000 rpm
2017–present	Opel Astra K TCR	Template:Cvt @ 6300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2500–4600 rpm

Note: The A20NFT engine in Opel Astra K TCR is a racing engine and swapped the original direct fuel injection for multi-point fuel injection.

2.2

L61

In 2007, the L61 received a multitude of changes, that originated from the LE5. It switched to the higher-strength Gen II block and received a revised cylinder head (enlarged exhaust ports) and camshaft design (increased exhaust valve duration). The engine also switched from wasted spark ignition to individual coil-on-plug ignition; this forced the cam cover to be redesigned. It was also switched to an E37 engine controller with new crank and cam sensors (replacing timing sensor previously found in ignition cassette). These changes increase horsepower slightly and allow the engine to meet PZEV standards.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Compression ratio is 10.0:1.

The L61 was used in the following cars:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2007–2008	Chevrolet Cobalt	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4200 rpm
2007	Chevrolet HHR	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4000 rpm
2008			Template:Cvt @ 4200 rpm
2007–2008	Chevrolet Malibu	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4200 rpm
2007–2008	Pontiac Pursuit/G5	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4200 rpm
2007	Saturn Ion	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4200 rpm

LAP

The LAP is a Template:Cvt version of the Ecotec, based on the Gen II block with cylinder head improvements, new camshaft design, E37 engine control module, 58X crankshaft reluctor ring, dual variable valve timing, digital crank and cam sensors, individual coil-on-plug ignition, vented starter solenoid, new MAP sensor, new intake manifold seals, new oil filter element, a 32-bit computer, and improved emissions performance.

Bore and stroke are Template:Cvt and Template:Cvt, the same as the 2.2 L L61. Compression ratio is 10.0:1. Major features that set it apart from the 2.2 L L61 are variable-valve-timing and other cylinder head improvements from the 2.4 L LE5.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2009–2010	Chevrolet Cobalt	Template:Cvt @ 6100 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4900 rpm
2009	Pontiac G5	Template:Cvt @ 6100 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4900 rpm

LE8

The LE8 is an E85-compatible Template:Cvt version of the LAP Ecotec.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Bore and stroke remain the same Template:Cvt and Template:Cvt. Compression ratio is 10.0:1 and the engine can run on both regular unleaded gasoline or E85.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2009–2011	Chevrolet HHR	Template:Cvt @ 6100 rpm (gasoline)	Template:Cvt @ 4800 rpm (gasoline)
		Template:Cvt @ 6000 rpm (E85)	Template:Cvt @ 4600 rpm (E85)

2.4

LE5

File:2006 Pontiac Solstice Ecotec LE5 engine.jpg

Ecotec LE5 engine in a 2006 Pontiac Solstice

The LE5 is a larger Template:Cvt version of the Ecotec. Both the Template:Cvt bore and Template:Cvt stroke are larger, and Variable Valve Timing on the intake and exhaust improve low-end torque. Compression is 10.4:1. Power is 164–177 hp (123–132 kW) and torque is 159–170 lb·ft (215–230 N·m). The engine uses a reinforced "Gen II" block. Connecting rods are GKN-forged; C70 powdered metal was used from July 2007 on.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2006–2008	Buick Lacrosse (China)	Template:Cvt @ 6400 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4800 rpm
2006–2007	Chevrolet Cobalt SS	Template:Cvt @ 6200 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4800 rpm
2008	Chevrolet Cobalt Sport	Template:Cvt @ 6200 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4800 rpm
2006–2008	Chevrolet HHR	Template:Cvt	Template:Cvt
2006–2008	Pontiac G5/Pursuit	Template:Cvt @ 5800 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4500 rpm
2006–2009	Pontiac G6	Template:Cvt @ 6300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4500 rpm
2006–2009	Pontiac Solstice	Template:Cvt @ 5800 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4500 rpm
2006–2009	Saturn Sky	Template:Cvt @ 5800 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4800 rpm
2006	Saturn Ion	Template:Cvt @ 6200 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4800 rpm
2007	Saturn Ion	Template:Cvt @ 6500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4800 rpm
2008–2009	Saturn Aura	Template:Cvt	Template:Cvt
2008–2012	Chevrolet Malibu	Template:Cvt	Template:Cvt
2008–2009	Saturn Vue	Template:Cvt @ 6200 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 5100 rpm

The LE5 is also used in the following overseas models:

• 2006 GM Taiwan Buick LaCrosse
• 2006 Shanghai GM Buick LaCrosse
• Buick GL8

The LE5 or a close variant is also used in the Polaris Slingshot (announced July 27, 2014), coupled with a 5-speed manual transmission and a final belt drive. The Slingshot is a three-wheeled side-by-side street vehicle, classed as a motorcycle.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

LAT

The LAT is the designation used for the 2.4 L LE5 when used in GM's BAS mild-hybrid vehicles.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2007–2009	Saturn Aura Green Line Hybrid	Template:Cvt @ 6400 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm
2007	Saturn Vue Green Line Hybrid	Template:Cvt @ 6600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4200 rpm
2008	Saturn Vue Green Line Hybrid	Template:Cvt @ 6500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4500 rpm
2008–2009	Buick LaCrosse hybrid (China only)	Template:Cvt @ 6400 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4800 rpm
2008–2009	Chevrolet Malibu Hybrid	Template:Cvt @ 6400 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm

LE9

The LE9 is an E85-compatible version of the Template:Cvt LE5 Ecotec. Bore and stroke are Template:Cvt and Template:Cvt and has a compression ratio of 10.4:1, the same as the LE5.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2009–2011	Chevrolet HHR	Template:Cvt @ 5800 rpm (gasoline)	Template:Cvt @ 4500 rpm (gasoline)
		Template:Cvt @ 5800 rpm (E85)	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm (E85)
2010–2012	Chevrolet Malibu (fleet only)	Template:Cvt @ 5800 rpm (E85)	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm (E85)
2014–2019	Polaris Slingshot	173 hp (129 kW) @ 6200 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4700 rpm

LAF

File:Chevrolet ecotec 2.4.jpg

GM Ecotec 2.4

The LAF is a direct injected 2.4 L. It uses technology based on GM's other four-cylinder direct-injection applications, but with unique features designed for its specific application. This includes an 11.2:1 compression ratio that helps build power, slightly dished pistons that increase combustion efficiency and injectors with an application-specific flow rate.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="GMpress20081217">Template:Cite news</ref>

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2010–2011	Template:Ubl	Template:Cvt @ 6700 rpm (gasoline)	Template:Cvt @ 4900 rpm (gasoline)
2010–2011	Buick LaCrosse	Template:Cvt @ 6700 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4900 rpm
2011	Buick Regal	Template:Cvt @ 6700 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4900 rpm
2011–2014	Chevrolet Orlando	Template:Cvt @ 6700 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4900 rpm
2011	Chevrolet Captiva	Template:Cvt @ 6700 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4900 rpm

LEA

The LEA is an E85 compatible variant of the LAF. Bore, stroke, and compression ratio all remain the same. Maximum engine speed is listed at 7000 rpm.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2012–2013, 2015–2017	Buick Regal	Template:Cvt @ 6700 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4900 rpm
2012–2017	Buick Verano<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Template:Cvt @ 6700 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4900 rpm
2012–2017	Chevrolet Captiva Sport	Template:Cvt @ 6700 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4900 rpm
2012–2017	Template:Ubl	Template:Cvt @ 6700 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4900 rpm
2012–2017	Chevrolet Orlando	Template:Cvt @ 6700 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4900 rpm

LUK

The LUK is similar to the LAF, but adds the eAssist mild-hybrid system. Maximum engine speed is listed at 7000 rpm.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2012–2016	Buick LaCrosse	Template:Cvt @ 6700 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4900 rpm
2012–2017	Buick Regal	Template:Cvt @ 6700 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4900 rpm
2013–2014	Chevrolet Malibu ECO	Template:Cvt @ 6700 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4900 rpm
2014	Chevrolet Impala	Template:Cvt @ 6700 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4900 rpm

Generation III

2.0

LTG

A Template:Cvt turbocharged direct-injection version of the Gen III Ecotec was available in the 2013 Cadillac ATS and Chevrolet Malibu. This engine is also available in the Cadillac XTS and Cadillac XT5 for the Chinese market. Bore and stroke are both Template:Cvt, and compression is 9.5:1. The engine uses a twin-scroll turbocharger with electronically-controlled wastegate/bypass valve, air-to-air intercooler, stainless-steel dual-scroll (1–4, 2–3) exhaust manifold designed to withstand Template:Cvt turbine temperature, and a rotacast aluminium-alloy (A356T6) cylinder head with sodium-filled exhaust valves.<ref name="2.0T_genIII_PR"/> Maximum engine speed is listed at 7000 rpm.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2013–2014	Cadillac ATS	Template:Cvt @ 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1700–5500 rpm
2015–2019			Template:Cvt @ 3000–4600 rpm
2014–2016	Cadillac ATS 25T (China)	Template:Cvt @ 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000–4000 rpm
2014–2019	Cadillac ATS 28T (China)	Template:Cvt @ 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2900–4600 rpm
2013	Chevrolet Malibu	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1700–5500 rpm
2014–2015			Template:Cvt @ 5200 rpm
2016–2022		Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000–5000 rpm
2013–2017	Opel Insignia A	Template:Cvt @ 4500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000–4500 rpm
2017–2018	Opel Insignia B	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2500–4000 rpm
2014–2017	Buick Regal	Template:Cvt @ 5300 rpm	Template:Ubl
2018–present		Template:Cvt @ 5400 rpm	Template:Ubl
2014&2019	Cadillac CTS	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 3000–4500 rpm
2016–2018	Buick Envision	Template:Cvt @ 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000 rpm
2019–present			Template:Cvt @ 2000 rpm
2016–2018	Cadillac CT6	Template:Cvt @ 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 3000–4000 rpm
2016–2024	Chevrolet Camaro	Template:Cvt @ 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 3000–4500 rpm
2017–present	Buick GL8	Template:Cvt @ 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2000-5000 rpm
2018–2020	Chevrolet Equinox	Template:Cvt @ 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2500–4500 rpm
2018–2019	Chevrolet Traverse RS	Template:Cvt @ 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 3000 rpm
2018–2020	GMC Terrain	Template:Cvt @ 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 2500–4500 rpm
2018–2020	Holden Commodore	Template:Cvt @ 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 3000–4000 rpm

LSY

A successor to the LTG debuted in the 2019 Cadillac XT4 and the 2019 Cadillac CT6. The LSY adds Active Fuel Management and a start-stop system, putting more priority to fuel economy than performance. Peak output is lower than the LTG, but is achieved at lower rpm for both power and torque. Bore is Template:Cvt and stroke is Template:Cvt.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> This engine is used in some GM vehicles in the U.S and as the standard engine option in China.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2019	Cadillac CT6	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm
2019–present	Cadillac XT4	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm
2019–present	Chevrolet Malibu XL	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm
2020–2022	Opel Insignia B	Template:Cvt @ 4250–6000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm
		Template:Cvt @ 4250–6000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm
		Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm
2020–present	Buick GL8 ES (Chinese market)	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm
2020–present	Buick GL8 Land Business Edition (Chinese market)	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm
2020–present	Buick Lacrosse (Chinese market)	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm
2020–present	Buick Regal GS (Chinese market)	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm
2020–present	Cadillac CT5	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm
2020–present	Cadillac CT4	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm
2020–present	Cadillac XT5	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm
2020–present	Cadillac XT6	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm
2020–present	Chevrolet Blazer	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm
2020–present	GMC Acadia	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm
2021–present	Buick Envision	Template:Cvt @ 5000 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 1500–4000 rpm

2.5

LCV

First appearing in the 2013 Chevrolet Malibu and 2013 Cadillac ATS, the 2.5 L Gen III block has been reworked to reduce engine noise and vibrations, while improving fuel economy and low-end torque.<ref name="2.0T_genIII_PR">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> LCV is scheduled to replace the direct-injected 2.4 L throughout North American GM products within a year.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} </ref> Engine production started in April 2012 at GM's Tonawanda Engine plant.

The new combustion system developed with GM's proprietary computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis software features a higher compression ratio which helps improve fuel efficiency and has improved knock resistance. The engine features dual overhead camshafts with continuously variable valve timing and increased-authority cam phasing (increased phase rotation angle), a high-pressure returnless direct-injection fuel system with camshaft-driven fuel pump delivering Template:Cvt at idle and Template:Cvt at full load, higher-flowing intake and exhaust ports in the cylinder head, electronic throttle control and pistons with jet-spray oil cooling. The engine redline is 7000 rpm.

The balance shafts are relocated from the cylinder block to oil pan module. The two-piece steel-aluminium oil pan features in-pan integrated oil-pump assembly driven by the balance shaft with a shorter inverted-tooth chain. Other improvements include inverted-tooth chain driving the camshaft, forged steel crankshaft, cast aluminium bedplate with main bearing cap inserts made of iron, high-pressure fuel rail with rubber-isolated assembly, acoustically shielded plastic cover for the intake manifold, and structurally enhanced aluminium camshaft cover and front cover. These improvements helped reduce noise intensity by 40% compared to the 2.4 L engine and change the noise signature into a higher frequency above 2,000 Hz. The engine also uses a variable-displacement oil pump and an actively controlled thermostat. Direct injection reduces emissions by 25%, while continuous cam phasing eliminates the need for an EGR system. Maximum engine speed is listed at 7000 rpm.

Displacement for the 2.5 L engine is 2,457 cc with an Template:Cvt bore and Template:Cvt stroke. Compression ratio is 11.3:1.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Cadillac ATS	Template:Cvt @ 6300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm
2013	Chevrolet Malibu	Template:Cvt @ 6300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm
2015–2022	Chevrolet Colorado	Template:Cvt @ 6300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm
	GMC Canyon
2016	Chevrolet Malibu Limited	Template:Cvt @ 6300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm
2017–2020	Buick Envision	Template:Cvt @ 6300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm
2017	Buick GL8	Template:Cvt @ 6300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm
citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	GMC Acadia	Template:Cvt @ 6300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm
citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Chevrolet Blazer	Template:Cvt @ 6300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm

LKW

Same as the LCV but features Intake Valve Lift Control (IVLC) system provides two-stage variable valve lift in addition to continuous variable timing. Continuously commanded by the engine control unit, the valve rocker arm switches between high-lift and low-lift profiles on the camshaft, actuated by an oil control valve through a two-feed stationary hydraulic lash adjuster, allowing for either 4.0 or 10.5 mm lift.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It also features a start-stop system. Maximum engine speed is listed at 7000 rpm.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2014–2019	Chevrolet Impala	Template:Cvt @ 6300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm
2014–2015	Chevrolet Malibu	Template:Cvt @ 6300 rpm	Template:Cvt @ 4400 rpm
2018–	Saleen S1	Template:Cvt	Template:Cvt

HCCI

At Tech Show Torino 2008, GM Powertrain Europe announced the ignition-less HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) mode of the direct injection version of 2.2 L engine.<ref name=2.2_HCCI>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The HCCI version is equipped with two-step adjustable valve lift with variable cam phasing and advanced ECU with cylinder pressure sensors, uses a lean-burn cycle similar to that of a diesel engine, and is claimed to further reduce fuel consumption by 15%.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

References

• Template:Cite journal