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Protarchaeopteryx (meaning "before Archaeopteryx" although it is from the Cretaceous and Archaeopteryx is from the Jurassic) is a genus of turkey-sized feathered theropod dinosaur from China.<ref name=protarchaedescription>Ji, Q., and Ji, S. (1997). "Protarchaeopterygid bird (Protarchaeopteryx gen. nov.) – fossil remains of archaeopterygids from China." Chinese Geology, 238: 38–41.</ref> Known from the Jianshangou bed of the Yixian Formation, it lived during the early Aptian age of the Early Cretaceous, approximately 124.6 million years ago.<ref name="zhou2006">Zhou, Z. (2006). "Evolutionary radiation of the Jehol Biota: chronological and ecological perspectives." Geological Journal, 41: 377–393.</ref> It was probably a herbivore or omnivore, although its hands were very similar to those of small carnivorous dinosaurs. It appears to be one of the most basal members of the Oviraptorosauria, closely related to Incisivosaurus,<ref>Paul G.S. (2010), The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs, Princeton University Press, pp. 146–145</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> or a taxon slightly less closely related to birds than oviraptorosaurs were.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
DescriptionEdit
The holotype and only known specimen of Protarchaeopteryx is NGMC 2125, a partial skeleton.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Protarchaeopteryx had long legs, and could have been a quick runner. It had well-developed, vaned feathers extended from a relatively short tail; the hands were long and slender, and had three fingers with sharp, curved claws. Its bones were hollow and bird-like, and it possessed a wishbone.<ref name="EoDP">Template:Cite book</ref> At around Template:Convert in length, it would have been larger than Archaeopteryx.<ref name="EoDP" /> In 2016, Gregory S. Paul gave a lower estimate of Template:Convert in length and Template:Convert in body mass.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Protarchaeopteryx also had symmetrical feathers on its tail. Since modern birds that have symmetrical feathers are flightless, and the skeletal structure of Protarchaeopteryx would not support flapping flight, it is assumed that it was flightless as well.<ref name="ji&ji1997">Ji, Q., and Ji, S. (1997). "A Chinese archaeopterygian, Protarchaeopteryx gen. nov." Geological Science and Technology (Di Zhi Ke Ji), 238: 38–41. Translated By Will Downs Bilby Research Center Northern Arizona University January, 2001</ref> It has been suggested that it could have had an arboreal lifestyle, jumping from tree limbs and using its forelimbs for a form of parachuting.<ref name="Currie2004">Currie, P.J. (2004), Feathered dragons: studies on the transition from dinosaurs to birds, Indiana University Press, p. 184, plate 16.</ref>
