Template:Short description Template:See also Template:Use dmy dates Template:More citations needed Template:Infobox Former Subdivision Hunyad (today mainly Hunedoara) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary, of the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom and of the Principality of Transylvania. Its territory is now in Romania in Transylvania. The capital of the county was Déva (present-day Deva).
GeographyEdit
After 1876, Hunyad county shared borders with Romania and the Hungarian counties Krassó-Szörény, Arad, Torda-Aranyos, Alsó-Fehér and Szeben. Its area was 7,809 km2 around 1910.
EtymologyEdit
The toponym Hunyad most likely comes from the Hungarian {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} verb, meaning 'to close' or 'to die'. According to linguist Géza Kuun, the name may keep the memory of the Huns.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
HistoryEdit
The first known civilization living on the territory were the Scythian Agathyrsi and Sigynnae. Later the Dacians under their leader Burebista established solid control over the territory, but were conquered and massacred by the Roman Empire. Hunyad was part of Roman Dacia for a short time, but by the 3rd century it was occupied by the Goths, later by the Vandals and Gepids. The nomadic Avars conquered Transylvania in 567, and remained the ethnic majority even after the collapse of their khaganate. The Igech, Szerekes, Andos and Zeyk noble families are all of Avar origin, along with the name of the river Zsil.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Hunyad county was formed in the Middle Ages. It was first attested in 1265 as Hungnod by the Papal Quitrent Register. In 1876, when the administrative structure of Transylvania was changed, its territory was modified to include about two thirds of the former Zaránd County (Brád/Brad and Körösbánya/Baia de Criș districts) and the Saxon seat of Broos/Orăștie. In 1920, by the Treaty of Trianon, the county became part of Romania. Most of its territory lies in the present Romanian county Hunedoara; a strip in the east is now part of Alba and a strip in the west is now part of Caraș-Severin County (the commune Băuţar).
DemographicsEdit
| Census | Total | Romanian | Hungarian | German | Other or unknown | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
248,464 | 217,414 (90.28%) | 12,278 (5.10%) | 6,968 (2.89%) | 4,166 (1.73%) |
| citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
267,895 | 238,486 (89.02%) | 17,167 (6.41%) | 8,047 (3.00%) | 4,195 (1.57%) |
| citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
303,838 | 257,013 (84.59%) | 32,316 (10.64%) | 9,189 (3.02%) | 5,320 (1.75%) |
| citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
340,135 | 271,675 (79.87%) | 52,720 (15.50%) | 8,101 (2.38%) | 7,639 (2.25%) |
| Census | Total | Eastern Orthodox | Greek Catholic | Roman Catholic | Calvinist | Jewish | Lutheran | Other or unknown |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1880 | 248,464 | 177,725 (71.53%) | 48,381 (19.47%) | 11,883 (4.78%) | 6,568 (2.64%) | 1,996 (0.80%) | 1,799 (0.72%) | 112 (0.05%) |
| 1890 | 267,895 | 190,018 (70.93%) | 50,520 (18.86%) | 15,121 (5.64%) | 7,351 (2.74%) | 2,470 (0.92%) | 2,202 (0.82%) | 213 (0.08%) |
| 1900 | 303,838 | 204,350 (67.26%) | 55,116 (18.14%) | 24,993 (8.23%) | 11,398 (3.75%) | 4,056 (1.33%) | 3,269 (1.08%) | 656 (0.22%) |
| 1910 | 340,135 | 217,425 (63.92%) | 60,024 (17.65%) | 34,668 (10.19%) | 16,675 (4.90%) | 5,679 (1.67%) | 4,110 (1.21%) | 1,554 (0.46%) |
SubdivisionsEdit
In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Hunyad County were:
| Districts (járás) | |
|---|---|
| District | Capital |
| Template:Color box Algyógy | Algyógyalfalu (now Geoagiu) |
| Template:Color box Brád | Brád (now Brad) |
| Template:Color box Déva | Déva (now Deva) |
| Template:Color box Hátszeg | Hátszeg (now Hațeg) |
| Template:Color box Kőrösbánya | Kőrösbánya (now Baia de Criș) |
| Template:Color box Marosillye | Marosillye (now Ilia) |
| Template:Color box Petrozsény | Petrozsény (now Petroșani) |
| Template:Color box Puj | Puj (now Pui) |
| Template:Color box Szászváros | Szászváros (now Orăștie) |
| Template:Color box Vajdahunyad | Vajdahunyad (now Hunedoara) |
| Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város) | |
| Déva (now Deva) | |
| Hátszeg (now Hațeg) | |
| Template:Color box Szászváros (now Orăștie) | |
| Vajdahunyad (now Hunedoara) | |