Line 10 (Beijing Subway)

Template:Short description Template:Infobox rail line Line 10 of the Beijing Subway (Template:Zh) is the second loop line in Beijing's rapid transit network as well as the second longest and most widely used line. The line is Template:Convert in length,<ref name=M10length /> and runs entirely underground through Haidian, Chaoyang and Fengtai Districts, either directly underneath or just beyond the 3rd Ring Road.<ref name="BJChB2013-05-06"/> The Line 10 loop is situated between Template:Convert outside the Line 2 loop, and intersects with every subways line through the city centre, with 24 transfer stations and 45 stations in all.<ref name="BJChB2013-05-06">Template:Cite news</ref> The line's color is capri.

Upon completion in May 2013, it held the record as the world's longest rapid transit loop line, an acolade it held until March 2023.<ref name=full2013 /><ref name="BJChB2013-05-06" />Template:Efn It remains one of the longest entirely underground subway lines in the world, requiring 104 minutes to complete one full journey in either direction.<ref name=full2013>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="BJChB2013-05-06" />

History

Segment	Commencement	Length<ref name=M10length />	Station(s)	Name
Bagou — Jingsong	19 July 2008	Template:Convert	22	Phase 1
Xiju — Bagou	30 December 2012	Template:Convert	9	Phase 2 (initial section)
Jingsong — Capital Univ. of Economics & Business		Template:Convert	11
Capital Univ. of Economics & Business — Xiju	5 May 2013	Template:Convert	2	Phase 2 (final section)
Jiaomendong		Infill station	1

Planning

The Beijing Subway network was originally conceived to have only one loop line.<ref name=autogenerated5>Template:Cite news</ref> The booming economy and explosive population growth of Beijing put huge demand on Line 2, surpassing its designed capacity. In 2001 and 2002, the China Academy of Urban Planning and Design proposed two "L-shaped" lines named Line 10 and 11. Together they would form a second loop around Beijing and relieve pressure on line 2.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Phase I

On December 27, 2003, in preparation for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, Phase 1 of Line 10 started construction.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> On July 19, 2008, Phase I of Line 10 entered operation ahead of the opening of the Olympic Games.<ref name=autogenerated1>(Chinese) 北京地铁10号线二期12月28日开工 京华时报 Nov. 4, 2008</ref> It was Template:Convert in length and had 22 stations. Phase I consisted of the northern and eastern sides of Line 10's rectangular loop from Template:Stl to Template:Stl forming an inverted L-shaped line.

• Line 10 platform, Liangmaqiao Station (1).jpg

  Liangmaqiao Station

• Line 10 platform, Beitucheng Station (1).jpg

  Beitucheng Station

• Line 10 platform, Zhichunli Station (1).jpg

  Zhichunli Station

• Line 10 Platform, Jiandemen Station (1).jpg

  Jiandemen Station

Phase II

Construction on Phase II began on December 28, 2007. which meant that the original plan for Line 11 was not incorporated into the final network design and was instead absorbed into Line 10. Line 10 formed the second full loop around Beijing.<ref name=phase2work>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2010, the Ministry of Railways proposed that Fengtai Railway Station was to be renovated and expanded to become a bigger intercity rail terminal for Beijing, with access to the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway. The rationale was to ease intercity traffic pressure on Beijing West railway station.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Due to the need to reorganize the stations on Line 10 to better serve the new rail terminal, work stopped on 2 stations, namely Mengjiacun (孟家村) and Niwa (泥洼).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The planning department proposed that the original Mengjiacun and Niwa subway stations be merged into the new Fengtai railway station, known as the "three stations into one" program. Local residents, after realizing their travel to a subway station would be greatly lengthened, quickly opposed the plan.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Planners reconsidered and moved Niwa station Template:Cvt north to its current position and Mengjiacun station Template:Cvt north to be renamed as Fengtai Railway Station.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The original station shells were demolished and new stations built in their respective new locations. Niwa station started reconstruction in February 2012,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> while Fengtai railway station started on April 11, 2012.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> This made the late 2012 opening date for that section of Line 10 highly unlikely and was postponed to the next year.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> On December 30, 2012, the first section of Phase II, consisting of the southern and western sides of the loop opened. With the opening of Phase I and Phase II, Line 10 became a "C" shape.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The near completion of Line 10 led to rapid growth of Line 10's ridership. At the same time, some traffic from Line 1 was diverted to the parallel and newly opened Line 6, allowing Line 10 to overtake Line 1 as Beijing's busiest subway line.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The Beijing Subway started operating express trains that ran non-stop between Songjiazhuang to Jinsong to alleviate traffic in the southeastern section of Line 10. These express trains stopped operating after the completion of the loop.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

The loop was fully enclosed on May 5, 2013 with the opening of Fengtai and Niwa stations, as well as the infill Jiaomen East.<ref name="BJChB2013-05-06"/><ref name=autogenerated1 /><ref>(Chinese){{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Initially, Line 10 services consisted of a "full-loop" service that make the journey through all 45 stations in 104 minutes, and "partial-loop" trains that run from Chedaogou in the north-west to Songjiazhuang in the south-east before turning back.<ref name="BJChB2013-05-06"/> With the delivery of more rolling stock, "partial-loop" trains were removed and all trains are now serving the full loop at a headway of 2 minutes and 15 seconds. By 2014, the completed loop carried on average 1.69 million passengers per day.<ref name="ridership2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> By 2019, large sections of Line 10 operated above 100% capacity, particularly the eastern and northern sections. Beijing Subway has responded by increasing the frequency of trains to every two minutes and removing some seats on trains to increase capacity.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• 潘家园站站厅.JPG

  Concourse of Panjiayuan station

• 地铁10号线丰台站站厅.JPG

  Concourse of Fengtai Railway Station (subway station)

• 公主坟站10号线站厅天花板.JPG

  Ceiling of Gongzhufen station, Line 10

• Concourse of L10 Dahongmen Station (20210227165626).jpg

  Concourse of Dahongmen station, Line 10

Operation

File:Beijing Subway Maps - Line 10.svg

Line 10 to scale

From Template:Stl near Wanliu Park in Haidian District, Line 10 runs straight east, between the northern 3rd and 4th Ring Roads. At Xitucheng, the line meets the northern section of the Yuan dynasty earthen city wall, called tucheng. Jiandemen and Anzhenmen stations are named after former gates in the wall. At Beitucheng, Line 8 (Phase 1) extends off Line 10 and provides access to the Beijing Olympic Green. Farther east, Line 10 turns south after the Template:Stl and follows the eastern 3rd Ring Road straight south to Template:Stl in Chaoyang District. The Bagou-Jingsong section constituted Phase I of Line 10, which first opened in July 2008, and connects the university district in Haidian with the embassy district and Beijing CBD. A trip from Bagou to Jingsong takes about 40 minutes. The full loop takes about 104 minutes.<ref name=full2013 />

Fare

{{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= Template:Ambox }} }} Starting fare of RMB(¥) 3 that increases according to the distance fare scheme introduced in December 2014.

Regular subway users can use a Yikatong card, which offers even cheaper journeys, as well as mobile phone apps, which deploy payment via a QR code.

Hours of Operation

The first train on the inner (clockwise) loop departs from Xiju towards Shoujingmao at 5:20Template:Nbspam. The first train on the outer (counter-clockwise) loop departs from Shoujingmao towards Xiju at 6:12Template:Nbspam. The last inner loop train leaves Xiju for Bagou at 11:29Template:Nbsppm. The last outer loop train leaves Shoujingmao for Chedaogou at 11:06Template:Nbsppm. For the official timetable, see.<ref>10号线列车时刻表 | 北京地铁官方网站 Template:Webarchive. Bjsubway.com (2013-05-21). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.</ref>

Safety

There are subway public security bureaus (police stations) located in the Template:Stl, Template:Stl and Template:Stl stations. Emergencies can be reported by calling 110 or 64011327.<ref>(Chinese) {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Stations

Some trains terminate at stations marked '*'.

Station Name		Connections	Nearby Bus Stops	Travel Time	Distance Template:Small<ref name=M10length>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation		CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Location
Template:Small	Template:Small
— ↑ loop line - towards Template:Stl ↑ —					-1.495
Template:Stl	Template:Large*	Template:Rint Template:Rint	Template:Small	0:00	0.000	0.000	Haidian
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	0:02	1.110	1.110
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	0:04	0.950	2.060
Template:Stl	Template:Large		Template:Small	0:06	0.975	3.035
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	0:08	1.058	4.093
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	0:10	1.101	5.194
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	0:12	1.330	6.524
Template:Stl	Template:Large		Template:Small	0:14	0.973	7.497	Haidian / ChaoyangTemplate:Efn
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	0:16	1.100	8.597	Chaoyang
Template:Stl	Template:Large		Template:Small	0:18	1.020	9.617
Template:Stl	Template:Nowrap	Template:Rint	Template:Small	0:21	0.982	10.599
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	0:24	1.712	12.311
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	0:26	1.003	13.314
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint Template:RouteBox	Template:Small	0:28	1.759	15.073
Template:Stl	Template:Large		Template:Small	0:31	1.506	16.579
Template:Stl	Template:Large		Template:Small	0:33	0.914	17.493
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	0:35	0.853	18.346
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	0:37	1.149	19.495
Template:Stl	Template:Large		Template:Small	0:39	0.734	20.229
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	0:41	0.835	21.064
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	0:43	1.759	22.823
Template:Stl	Template:Large		Template:Small	0:45	1.006	23.829
Template:Stl	Template:Large		Template:Small	0:47	1.021	24.850
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint Template:Rint	Template:Small	0:49	1.097	25.947
Template:Stl	Template:Large		Template:Small	0:52	1.804	27.751	Fengtai
Template:Stl	Template:Large*		Template:Small	0:54	1.058	28.809	Chaoyang
Template:Stl	Template:Large*	Template:Rint Template:Rint	Template:Small	0:57	1.677	30.486	Fengtai
Template:Stl	Template:Large		Template:Small	0:59	1.269	31.755
Template:Stl	Template:Large		Template:Small	1:01	1.244	32.999
Template:Stl	Template:Large		Template:Small	1:03	1.130	34.129
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	1:06	1.254	35.383
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint Template:RouteBox	Template:Small	1:09	1.688	37.071
Template:Stl	Template:Large			1:11	1.547	38.618
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	1:14	1.143	39.761
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint Template:Nowrap	Template:Small	1:17	1.717	41.478
Template:Stl	Template:Large		Template:Small	1:19	0.954	42.432
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	1:21	0.749	43.181
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	1:24	1.584	44.765
Template:Stl	Template:Large		Template:Small	1:28	2.392	47.157	Haidian
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	1:30	1.016	48.173
Template:Stl	Template:Large		Template:Small	1:33	2.386	50.559
Template:Stl	Template:Large*	Template:Rint	Template:Small	1:35	1.214	51.773
Template:Stl	Template:Large*		Template:Small	1:37	1.590	53.363
Template:Stl	Template:Large	Template:Rint	Template:Small	1:39	1.205	54.568
Template:Stl	Template:Large		Template:Small	1:41	0.961	55.529
— ↓ Loop line - towards Template:Stl ↓ —					1.495	57.024

Technology

Rolling Stock

Line 10 utilizes a fleet of 6-car DKZ15 trains manufactured by CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles. Initially when Phase I opened the line was operated with a fleet of only 40 trainsets (240 cars).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Some sets operated on the Olympic section of Line 8 before Line 8 was extended and acquired its own dedicated rolling stock.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> When Line 10 Phase II opened the fleet was expanded to 84 trains.<ref name="bjjtw2012">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> However the two existing depots serving Line 10 had insufficient capacity for the entire fleet. Therefore, only 76 trainsets could operate on the line with 8 being temporary stored in other Beijing Subway depots.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> With the opening of the new depot in Songjiazhuang and the need to reduce the headway on line to decrease crowding, an additional 32 trainsets were ordered. The fleet grew to 116 trainsets allowing Line 10 to operate at a headway of every 2 minutes throughout the line during rush hour.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Some trains had some seats removed to increase capacity.

Model	Image	Manufacturer	Year Built	Amount in Service	Fleet Numbers	Depot
DKZ15	File:W414 entering Haidian Huangzhuang (20210120153707).jpg	CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment CRRC Dalian	2007	43	W401–W443	Wanliu Wulu Songjiazhuang
DKZ34	File:10 086 entering Haidian Huangzhuang (20210120154358).jpg		2011	41	10 044–10 084
DKZ46	File:10 110 entering Haidian Huangzhuang (20210120153049).jpg		2013	32	10 085–10 116

Signaling system

Siemens Transportation Systems and China Railway Signaling & Communication Corp. have equipped the entire line with Siemens's Trainguard MT Communication Based Train Control (CBTC) system.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> As a fallback, ETCS Level 1 is also available.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}Template:Dead link</ref>

External links

• "New Beijing subway to open soon." China Daily. February 28, 2008.