Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use Jamaican English Template:Infobox musical artist
Clifton George Bailey III (born 13 April 1967),<ref name=orion /><ref name="Thompson">Thompson, Dave (2002) Reggae & Caribbean Music, Backbeat Books, Template:ISBN, pp. 67–69</ref> better known by his stage name Capleton, is a Jamaican reggae and dancehall musician. He is also referred to as King Shango, King David, The Fireman and The Prophet. His record label is called David House Productions. He is known for his Rastafari views expressed in his songs.
Early lifeEdit
Bailey was born in Islington in St. Mary in 1967.<ref name="Walters20120720">Walters, Basil (2012) "Capleton lauded for charity work Template:Webarchive", Jamaica Observer, 20 July 2012, retrieved 29 July 2012</ref> As a youth, he was given the surname of a popular St. Mary lawyer and friend of the family, Capleton, as a nickname by his relatives and friends.<ref name=Chi>Template:Usurped. ChicagoReggae.com. Retrieved 24 January 2011.</ref> Capleton rejects the name given to him at birth. He now prefers "King Shango", given its roots in the Yoruba language.<ref>Barrow, Musa. Art and Music: Interview With Jamaican Reggae Star, Capleton Template:Webarchive. Foroyaa Online. 4 June 2008.</ref>
As a teenager, he sneaked out of his home to catch local dancehall acts, eventually leaving St. Mary for Kingston at the age of 18 to work on his career as a dancehall deejay.<ref>"Capleton." Contemporary Musicians. Ed. Leigh Ann DeRemer. Vol. 40. Gale Cengage, 2003. eNotes.com. 2006. Retrieved 15 April 2011. [1]</ref>
CareerEdit
Early careerEdit
In 1989, he got his first big international exposure. Stewart Brown, owner of a Toronto-based sound called African Star, gave the untested artist his first break, flying him to Canada for a stage show alongside Ninjaman and Flourgon.<ref name=Chi />
When Capleton first arrived on the scene in the late 1980s, slackness and gun talk were the dominant lyrics in the dancehalls. The pre-Rasta Capleton had a string of hit songs from "Bumbo Red" to "Number One on the Look Good Chart" and "No Lotion Man".
He recorded the song that began to establish his significant place in dancehall, "Alms House" in 1992. The tune became a big hit in the dancehall, followed up immediately by "Music is a Mission" and the massive hit "Tour". By 1993, he was voicing tunes which became increasingly conscious, such as "Prophet" and "Cold Blooded Murderer".
Tunes such as "Tour" and "Wings of the Morning" earned him a deal with Russell Simmons' Def Jam Recordings,<ref>Campbell, Howard. Capleton Finds His Way Back To VP Template:Webarchive. VPRecords.com. 30 June 2010.</ref> which culminated in the Prophecy and I-Testament albums of the mid-1990s. Grammy Nominated in 2003 Album "Still Blazin" VP Records Executive Produce by Errol "GenErral" Adams / Joel Chin
Later careerEdit
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In 1999, Capleton headlined Reggae Sumfest's dancehall night, to much fanfare.<ref>Summer Fest '99 – Dancehall Nights Template:Webarchive. Reggaeweb.com. Retrieved 2 February 2011.</ref> The performance, which led to a subsequent headliner placement the following year, is credited with "re-bussing", or creating a comeback for, his career.<ref>Reggae Sumfest 2000 Template:Webarchive. Reggaeweb.com. Retrieved 2 February 2011.</ref> The 1999–2000 period elicited a string of hits, many of which can be found on the album More Fire.<ref>Huey, Steve. Capleton biography Template:Webarchive. allmusic. Retrieved 2 February 2011.</ref>
Grammy Nominated in 2003 Album "Still Blazin" VP Records Executive Produce by Errol "GenErral" Adams / Joel Chin
By 2004, some argued the quality of Capleton's music had been downgraded by over-proliferation on numerous riddims, while Capleton himself argued his continued recording over both dancehall and roots reggae riddims created balance in his musical output.<ref>Smith, Germaine. REIGN OF FIRE – Capleton still blazes Template:Webarchive. Jamaica Star. 7 May 2004.</ref> Nonetheless, he scored hit singles over one of the most popular riddims of 2004,<ref>Drop Leaf album review Template:Webarchive. Reggae Vibes Productions. Retrieved 2 February 2011.</ref> "That Day Will Come" over the Hard Times riddim.
After a hiatus from the label, Capleton returned to VP Records in 2010 with the release of I-Ternal Fire.<ref>Campbell, Howard. Capleton finds his way back to VP Template:Webarchive. Jamaica Gleaner. 30 June 2010.</ref>
After headlining a U.S. tour which included Romain Virgo, Munga Honorable, and Kulcha Knox in the fall of 2010, Capleton embarked upon a tour of the African continent for late 2010 and early 2011. Stops included Gambia, Senegal, South Africa and multiple dates in Zimbabwe.<ref>Warming the stage for Capleton Template:Webarchive. The Standard (Zimbabwe). 21 November 2010.</ref> In December 2012 the music Unite Cape Town International Reggae Festival saw Capleton, reggae and dancehall artists like Black Dillinger, Blak Kalamawi .<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Capleton's annual 'A St Mary Mi Come From' live show has raised funds for several charities since it was first staged in 2000, including local schools and hospitals.<ref name="Walters20120720" />
Religious viewsEdit
Capleton makes reference to Bobo Ashanti, one of the various mansions of the Rastafari movement.<ref>Park, Esther. Bob Marley Movement Caribbean Festival 2010: Interview With Capleton Template:Webarchive. Miami New Times. 25 February 2010.</ref> Yet he frequently mentions there is no separation between the mansions of Rastafari as he sees it. He stated in an interview on TraceTV that he is a vegan, not consuming meat or dairy in any form, but he also rejects anything made from soya. He also touches on the subject of his lyrics regarding fire, saying they are metaphoric references of purification, not violence or murder.<ref>Mbiriyamveka, Jonathan. Capleton Show Organisers Hunt Ghetto Rappers Template:Webarchive. The Herald (Zimbabwe). 18 October 2010.</ref>
CriticismsEdit
Capleton has faced criticism for anti-gay lyrics in some of his songs though homosexuality remains illegal in his native Jamaica.<ref name=homophobia>"Gay in JA: What's it like to be gay in a society where it's illegal to practice your sexuality?" Template:Webarchive, BBC. First aired 2008, updated Tuesday 16 June 2009. (Only regionally available)</ref> His manager has argued that some of the controversial lyrics have been mistranslated and do not actually refer to gays.<ref name=orion /> Capleton himself has admitted that through his Rastafari faith he believes that a homosexual lifestyle is not right, but has insisted that terms such as "burn" and "fire" are not to be understood in the literal sense "to go out and burn and kill people", but as a metaphor for "purification" and cleansing.<ref name=orion>Savage, Shannon (6 October 2004)"Dancehall music silenced" Template:Webarchive, The Orion (student newspaper of CSU Chico) – Entertainment. Updated 11 May 2009.</ref>
However, Capleton has continued to sing songs that some see as anti-gay, causing the cancellation of a concert in Switzerland in 2008 and a United States tour in 2010.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>"Capleton Concert cancelled in Basel, Switzerland" Template:Webarchive, Another Green World. Thursday, 6 November 2008.</ref>
DiscographyEdit
- Lotion Man – 1991
- Alms House – 1993
- Good So – 1994
- Prophecy – 1995
- I-Testament – 1997
- One Mission (compilation) – 1999
- Gold – 2000
- More Fire – 2000
- Final Assassin – 2000
- Still Blazin' – 2002
- Voice of Jamaica, Vol.3 – 2003
- Praises to the King – 2003
- Reign of Fire – 2004
- The People Dem – 2004
- Duppy Man (featured with Chase & Status)
- Free Up – 2006
- Hit Wit Da 44 Rounds – 2007
- Rise Them Up – 2007
- Bun Friend – 2008
- Yaniko Roots – 2008
- Jah Youth Elevation – 2008
- Liberation Time (featured with AZAD) (2009)
- I-Ternal Fire – 2010<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
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- Ova Come (featured with Gisto) – 2020<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
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