C+C Music Factory

C+C Music Factory was an American musical group formed in 1989 by David Cole and Robert Clivillés. The group is best known for their five hit singles: "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)", "Here We Go (Let's Rock & Roll)", "Things That Make You Go Hmmm...", "Just a Touch of Love", and "Keep It Comin'". The band stopped recording in 1996, following Cole's death.<ref name=startingC&C/> In 2010, C+C Music Factory reformed with Eric Kupper replacing Cole.<ref name=newman1/> Original member Freedom Williams acquired trademark rights to the name in 2003 and still tours under that moniker.<ref name="articleViceez7mve">The Depressing Story of America's Favorite Pump-Up Jam, VICE (October 4, 2016)</ref>

C+C Music Factory have earned 35 music industry awards, including five Billboard Music Awards, five American Music Awards, and two MTV Video Music Awards. In December 2016, Billboard named them the 44th-most successful dance act.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

History

1987–1989: Early beginnings and the 28th Street Crew

David Cole and Robert Clivillés became friends when they both performed at the New York City club Better Days (Clivillés as DJ and Cole as keyboardist) in the late 1980s.<ref name="ClivillésQkv9oBzZ">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="redbullmusicacademyCBD">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1987, Clivillés and Cole formed a short-lived house music group called 2 Puerto Ricans, a Blackman and a Dominican. The group also included David Morales (who, like Clivillés, was a resident DJ at Better Days<ref name="redbullmusicacademyCBD"/>) and Chep Nuñez. They released two minor hit singles, "Do It Properly" (1987) and "So Many Ways (Do It Properly Part II)" (1988).<ref name=28street>2 Puerto Ricans, A Blackman And A Dominican, Discogs</ref><ref>Brat Pack, The – So Many Ways (Do It Properly Part II), Discogs</ref> In 1989, they released their final single, "Scandalous", before disbanding.<ref>Syncopate (2), Discogs</ref>

Following the breakup of their previous group, Clivillés and Cole continued to record music together under the name the 28th Street Crew. In mid-1989, the duo released an album titled I Need a Rhythm. The album's title track and lead single peaked at number three on Billboard's Dance chart. In September 1989, female group Seduction released their debut album Nothing Matters Without Love, which was entirely produced by Clivillés and Cole. Under the brief management of Clivillés and Cole, the group's album became certified Gold status in the United States.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

1989–1992: C+C Music Factory and Gonna Make You Sweat

File:Martha Wash.jpg

Martha Wash (pictured), uncredited female singer of "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)"

In 1989, Clivillés and Cole formed a new group known as C+C Music Factory. The group included Clivillés and Cole, in addition to rapper Freedom Williams and Liberian singer/dancer Zelma Davis.<ref name=startingC&C>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In December 1990, C+C Music Factory released their debut album Gonna Make You Sweat, which peaked at number two on Billboard's Top 200 Albums chart.<ref name="ccmusicfactorybillboard">C+C Music Factory | Billboard Chart History Template:Webarchive. Billboard. Retrieved on February 1, 2019</ref> The album's lead single, "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)", which featured rap vocals by Freedom Williams and uncredited lead vocals by Martha Wash, became an international hit and peaked at number one on Billboard's Hot 100.<ref name="ccmusicfactorybillboard"/> The single went on to sell over a million copies in the United States, becoming certified Platinum status.<ref>"Gonna Make You Sweat" searchable database. RIAA. Retrieved on February 1, 2019</ref> Additionally, the single became number-one in five other countries. The success of the single also bolstered its parent album's sales, helping it achieve multi-Platinum status for sales exceeding five million copies in the United States.<ref name="riaa">"C&C Music Factory" searchable database. RIAA. Retrieved on April 19, 2019</ref>

In 1991, the group released two top-ten singles, "Here We Go (Let's Rock & Roll)" and "Things That Make You Go Hmmm..." (inspired by a phrase uttered periodically by late-night talk show host Arsenio Hall),<ref name="ccmusicfactorybillboard"/> both of which became certified Gold status in the United States.<ref name="riaa"/> In August 1991, the album's final single, "Just a Touch of Love", which featured vocals by Davis, was released and earned the group their fourth number-one dance hit.<ref name="ccmusicfactorybillboard"/> The song was also featured on the soundtrack of the musical comedy film Sister Act. In the same year, C+C Music Factory embarked on their first international tour. During certain legs of the tour, Deborah Cooper, a backing vocalist from their album, was hired as a lead vocalist for specific concert venues as Zelma Davis was awaiting green card clearance. In 1992, the group released the single "Keep It Comin' (Dance Till You Can't Dance No More)", featuring Cooper and rapper Q-Unique on vocals. The single became their fifth song to top the Billboard dance chart.<ref name="ccmusicfactorybillboard"/> The song was also featured on the soundtrack of the comedy horror film Buffy the Vampire Slayer. By the end of 1992, the group had earned a total of four American Music Awards, including an award for "Favorite Pop/Rock Band/Duo/Group".<ref name="americanmusicawards">Winners Database|American Music Awards. American Music Awards. Retrieved on June 11, 2017</ref>

1994–1996: Subsequent releases and hiatus

In 1994, C+C Music Factory experienced a lineup change. Wash, who had just settled a lawsuit with the group, was asked to join as a full-time vocalist. Williams left the group to pursue a solo career and was replaced by the vocal trio Trilogy.<ref name=nofreedom>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In August 1994, the group released their second album, titled Anything Goes!, which performed poorly on the Billboard's Top 200 Albums chart. The lead single, "Do You Wanna Get Funky", which featured vocals from Davis, Wash, and Trilogy, became a success on the Billboard charts and earned the group their sixth number-one dance hit. The album also featured two minor hits, "Take a Toke" and "I Found Love".

On January 24, 1995, David Cole died from spinal meningitis.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>"C+C's David Cole dies at 32" Template:WebarchiveNY Daily News, January 25, 1995</ref> Despite the death of one of their core members, C+C Music Factory embarked on another international tour. In November 1995, they released their self-titled third album. The record was released by Robert Clivillés using the C+C Music Factory name, though it did not feature any musical contributions from Cole, Davis, or Wash, but retained the vocal contributions of Trilogy. The album's lead single, "I'll Always Be Around", became their seventh number-one dance hit. The second single, "Don't Stop the Remix", was the group's final release before disbanding.

In October 1996, Clivillés released an album of new material under the name Robi-Rob's Clubworld. That same year, a compilation album titled Robi Rob's Clubworld – House of Sound presents Clubworld Shut Up and Dance was released exclusively in Japan.<ref>HOUSE OF SOUND presents Clubworld SHUT UP AND DANCE. Rakuten. Retrieved on July 21, 2019</ref> The album contains past singles and unreleased material recorded by C+C Music Factory.

2010–2011: Comeback

C+C Music Factory reformed in 2010 with Eric Kupper replacing Cole. They released the song "Live Your Life", which featured singer Scarlett Santana, in early 2010, on a Bill Coleman's Remixxer Compilation album.<ref name=newman1>Remixxer: Bill Coleman (Continuous Mix), iTunes (June 1, 2010)</ref> In August 2011, Santana released the single "Rain", which was produced by C+C Music Factory (composed of Clivillés and Kupper credited as "CnC Music Factory").<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Legacy

As of 1995, C+C Music Factory have accumulated a total of seven number-one dance songs. "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)" was included in the top-ten VH1's "100 Greatest Dance Songs".<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In 2003, Freedom Williams acquired the federal trademark to use the name "C and C Music Factory" for live performances.<ref>US Trademark Office, Serial Number 78341052, Registration Number 2951551</ref> Williams toured under that name until renewing his trademark to "C & C Music Factory" in 2014.<ref>US Trademark Office, Serial Number 86438725, Registration Number 4775972</ref><ref name=nofreedom/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> As of 2014, Williams has owned the trademark rights for the name for all related efforts, not just live performances.<ref>US Trademark Office: Serial Number 86438725, Registration Number 4775972</ref> Founding producer Clivillés has labeled this "the biggest insult in the world".<ref name=nofreedom/><ref name="articleViceez7mve"/>

Lawsuits

In 1990, the Crew, a group composed of Clivillés, Cole, and Freedom Williams, released the single "Get Dumb! (Free Your Body)". The song featured an unauthorized sample of Boyd Jarvis' 1983 song "The Music Got Me". Jarvis filed a lawsuit against Cole and Clivillés as well as A&M Records.<ref name=Jarvis>Jarvis v. A & M Records 827 F. Supp. 282 (D.N.J. 1993) UCLA Template:Webarchive</ref> The court ruled in favor of Jarvis.<ref>Boyd Jarvis: Remembering the Architect of House Music. Village Voice. Retrieved on April 19, 2019</ref>

Following the release of "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)" in November 1990, C+C Music Factory was hit with a lawsuit by Martha Wash, whose vocals were uncredited on the chorus. The song used an edited compilation of vocal parts that Wash recorded in June 1990 for an unrelated demo tape.<ref name="latimes">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> After discovering that the group was using Zelma Davis in the music video, Wash attempted to negotiate with Clivillés and Cole for sleeve credits and royalties, which ultimately proved unsuccessful. On December 11, 1991, Wash filed a lawsuit in the Los Angeles Superior Court against Robert Clivillés and David Cole, charging the producers and their record company, Sony Music Entertainment, with fraud, deceptive packaging, and commercial appropriation.<ref name="latimes"/> The case was eventually settled in 1994 and as a result of the settlement, Sony made an unprecedented request to MTV to add a disclaimer that credited Wash for vocals and Zelma Davis (who lip-synched Wash's vocals in the official music video) for "visualization" to the "Gonna Make You Sweat" music video.<ref name="rollingstone">Martha Wash: The Most Famous Unknown Singer of the '90s Speaks Out. Rolling Stone. Retrieved on May 17, 2017</ref>

Discography

Studio albums

Year	Album details	Peak chart positions									Certifications (sales threshold)
		US	US R&B	AUS <ref name=aus>Template:Cite book</ref>	AUT	NL	NZ	SWE	SWI	UK <ref name="British Hit Singles & Albums">Template:Cite book</ref>
1990	Gonna Make You Sweat First studio album Release date: December 13, 1990 Label: Columbia	2	11	7	26	59	3	30	13	8	RIAA: 5× Platinum<ref name="riaa"/> ARIA: Platinum<ref name=ARIACert>Template:Cite certification</ref> BPI: Gold<ref>Award Trackers for Candc Music Factory "Gonna Make You Sweat". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved on October 31, 2019</ref> MC: 4× Platinum<ref>Gold/Platinum searchable database for "C&C Music Factory". Music Canada. Retrieved on October 31, 2019</ref>
1994	Anything Goes! Second studio album Release date: August 9, 1994 Label: Columbia	106	39	36	—	63	25	—	46	—
1995	C+C Music Factory Third studio album Release date: December 5, 1995 Label: MCA	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	"—" denotes releases that did not chart

Compilations

Year	Album details	Peak chart positions
		AUS<ref name=aus/>
1995	Ultimate Compilation Release date: 1995 Label: Columbia	98

Singles

Year	Single	Peak chart positions									Certifications (sales thresholds)	Album
		US <ref name="ccmusicfactorybillboard"/>	US Dance <ref name="ccmusicfactorybillboard"/>	AUS <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=aus/>	GER <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}Template:Cbignore</ref>	NED <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	NZ <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation			CitationClass=web }}</ref>	SWE <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	SWI <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	UK
1990	"Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)" (featuring Martha Wash and Freedom Williams)	1	1	3	1	1	2	5	1	3	RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="riaa"/> ARIA: Gold <ref name=aus/> BPI: Gold<ref name=bpi1>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Gonna Make You Sweat
1991	"Here We Go (Let's Rock & Roll)" (featuring Zelma Davis and Freedom Williams)	3	1	20	14	15	9	33	11	20	RIAA: Gold<ref name="riaa"/>
	"Things That Make You Go Hmmm..." (featuring Zelma Davis and Freedom Williams)	4	1	6	27	19	2	14	15	4	RIAA: Gold<ref name="riaa"/> ARIA: Gold <ref name=aus/>
	"Just a Touch of Love" (featuring Zelma Davis)	50	1	26	—	47	21	—	21	31
1992	"Keep It Comin' (Dance Till You Can't Dance No More)" (featuring Q-Unique and Deborah Cooper)	83	1	46	—	30	17	—	—	34		Buffy the Vampire Slayer - OST
1994	"Do You Wanna Get Funky" (featuring Martha Wash, Zelma Davis, and Trilogy)	40	1	11	41	18	2	37	—	27	ARIA: Gold <ref name=aus/>	Anything Goes!
	"Take a Toke"[A]	—	23	—	88	—	—	—	—	26
1995	"I Found Love" (featuring Zelma Davis)[A]	—	13	—	—	—	—	—	—	26
	"I'll Always Be Around"	—	1	—	—	—	38	51	—	42		C+C Music Factory
1996	"Don't Stop the Remix"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
"—" denotes releases that did not chart

Notes

Template:Refbegin Notes

• A ^"I Found Love" and "Take a Toke" were released as a double A-side in the UK, charting at number 26 in February 1995.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:Refend

See also

• Clivillés and Cole
• List of number-one hits (United States)
• List of artists who reached number one on the Hot 100 (U.S.)
• List of Number 1 Dance Hits (United States)
• List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. Dance chart
• MVP

External links

• C+C Music Factory at Discogs.com