AIM-26 Falcon

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The AIM-26 Falcon was a larger, more powerful version of the AIM-4 Falcon air-to-air missile built by Hughes. It is the only guided American air-to-air missile with a nuclear warhead to be produced; the unguided AIR-2 Genie rocket was also nuclear-armed.

DevelopmentEdit

Starting in 1956 Hughes Electronics began the development of an enlarged version of the GAR-1D Falcon that would carry a nuclear warhead. It was intended to provide a sure kill in attacks on Soviet heavy bomber aircraft, at a time when guided missiles were not accurate enough to produce high-probability kills with small conventional warheads. The original development was for semi-active radar homing and heat-seeking versions based on the conventional GAR-1/GAR-2 weapons, under the designations GAR-5 and GAR-6, respectively. The original program was cancelled.

File:AIM-26A 2(Nuclear Falcon).jpg

Artwork on warhead of AIM-26A on display at the National Museum of Naval Aviation.

The program was revived in 1959, now under the name GAR-11. It entered service in 1961, carried by Air Defense Command F-102 Delta Dagger interceptors.Template:Sfn It used a radar proximity fuze and semi-active radar homing. The GAR-11 used a sub-kiloton (250 ton) yield W54 warhead shared with the "Davy Crockett" M388 recoilless rifle projectile,<ref name="Hansen, W54" /> rather than the larger W25 warhead of the AIR-2 Genie.Template:Sfn

Out of concern for the problems inherent in using nuclear weapons over friendly territory, a conventional version, the GAR-11A, was developed, using a Template:Convert explosive warhead.

Conventional warheadEdit

As part of a wider Army/Navy/Air Force renaming project, in 1963 the weapon was redesignated AIM-26. The nuclear version became the AIM-26A, the conventional model the AIM-26B. From 1970 to 1972 the nuclear warheads of the AIM-26A weapons were rebuilt for the nuclear version of the AGM-62 Walleye TV guided bomb.

The AIM-26 saw little widespread use in American service, retiring in 1972. The conventional AIM-26B was exported to Switzerland as the HM-55, where it was used on Swiss Mirage IIIS fighters. The AIM-26B was produced under license (and modified) in Sweden as the Rb 27, arming Saab Draken J-35F and 35J fighters. It was retired in 1998. When Finland bought Drakens, the license-manufactured Swedish Falcons were included.

Specifications (GAR-11/AIM-26A)Edit

Length: Template:Convert
Wingspan: Template:Convert
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Speed: Mach 2
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Guidance: semi-active radar homing
Warhead: W54 nuclear, explosive yield 250 t TNT equivalent

Surviving ExamplesEdit

Below is an incomplete list of museums which have an AIM-26 in their collection:

Museum of Aviation, Warner Robins, Georgia (AIM-26 A)
National Museum of Naval Aviation, Naval Air Station Pensacola, Florida (AIM-26 A)
DVHAA Historical Aircraft Museum, Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base Willow Grove, Pennsylvania (AIM-26 A)
Suomen ilmavoimamuseo / Finnish Air Force Museum, Finland (AIM-26 B / RB 27)
Robotmuseum / Robot Museum Arboga, Sweden (AIM-26 B / RB 27)
Västerås Flygmuseum / Västerås Aviation Museum Västerås, Sweden (AIM-26 B / RB 27)

ReferencesEdit

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