Colombes

Template:See Wiktionary Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox French commune

Colombes ({{#invoke:IPA|main}}) is a commune in the northwestern suburbs of Paris, France, Template:Convert from the centre of Paris. In 2019, Colombes was the 53rd largest city in France.

NameEdit

The name Colombes comes from Latin columna (Old French colombe), meaning "column". This is interpreted as referring either to a megalithic column used in ancient times by a druidic cult which stood in Colombes until its destruction during the French Revolution, or to the columns of an atrium in a ruined Gallo-Roman villa that also stood in Colombes.

HistoryEdit

During the repression of January and February 1894, the police conducted raids targeting the anarchists living there, without much success.<ref name=":1">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=":2">Template:Cite journal</ref><ref name=":3">Template:Cite news</ref>

On 13 March 1896, 17% of the territory of Colombes was detached and became the commune of Bois-Colombes (Template:Lit). On 2 May 1910, 19% of the (reduced) territory of Colombes was detached and became the commune of La Garenne-Colombes. Thus, the commune of Colombes is now only two-thirds the size of its territory before 1896. The population data in the table and graph below refer to the commune of Colombes proper, in its geography at the given years. The Hôtel de Ville was completed in 1923.<ref>Template:Base Mérimée</ref>

PopulationEdit

Template:Historical populations

GeographyEdit

ClimateEdit

Colombes has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb). The average annual temperature in Colombes is Template:Cvt. The average annual rainfall is Template:Cvt with May as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around Template:Cvt, and lowest in January, at around Template:Cvt. The highest temperature ever recorded in Colombes was Template:Cvt on 6 August 2003; the coldest temperature ever recorded was Template:Cvt on 17 January 1985.

Template:Weather box

AdministrationEdit

The city is divided into two cantons:

Colombes-1 (north)
Colombes-2 (south)

TransportEdit

Colombes is served by four stations on the Transilien Paris-Saint-Lazare suburban rail line at Colombes, Le Stade, La Garenne-Colombes and Les Vallées.

EducationEdit

The commune has 21 preschools and 19 elementary schools.<ref>"Carte scolaire." Colombes. Retrieved on 7 September 2016.</ref>

Secondary schools:

Junior high schools: Robert Paparemborde, Marguerite Duras, Gay Lussac, Moulin Joly, Jean-Baptiste Clément, Lakanal<ref>"Établissements d'enseignement publics sécondaires (collèges)Template:Dead link." Académie de Versailles. Retrieved on 7 September 2016.</ref>
Senior high schools: Lycée Guy de Maupassant, Lycee Polyvalent Claude Garamont, Lycee Polyvalent Anatole de France

PersonalitiesEdit

Quilapayún, Chilean music group forced into exile in France after the 1973 Coup. They settled in Colombes.
Jordan Aboudou, basketball player
Lens Aboudou, basketball player
Josué Albert, footballer
Bryan Alceus, footballer
Mame-Ibra Anne, athlete
Jean‐Ricner Bellegarde, footballer
Kelly Berville, footballer
Zoumana Camara, footballer
Pierre Clayette, artist
Mathieu Cossou, karateka
Simone Jorry, deaf / hard-of-hearing rights activist
Marie-Antoinette Katoto, footballer
Eliaquim Mangala, footballer
Abdoulaye Méïté, footballer
Claude Mérelle, actress
Samuel Nadeau, basketball player
Alexandre Postel (born 1982), writer
Steven Nzonzi, footballer
Denise Roger, composer
Kevin Thalien, basketball player
Élodie Thomis, footballer
Axel Tony, singer
Jonathan Toto, footballer
Eddy Viator, footballer
Rama Yade, politician, moved into a council flat in Colombes with her mother and three sisters at the age of fourteen.<ref name="independent">Rama Yade: The political star who's eclipsing Sarko, The Independent, 14 April 2009</ref>
Pierpoljak, reggae singer

SportEdit

The stadium was built in 1907. Officially named the Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir, the Olympic Stadium of Colombes was the site of the opening ceremony and several events of the 1924 Summer Olympics. The arena's capacity was increased to 60,000 for the 1938 World Cup. The stadium lost its importance after the restoration in 1972 of Paris' 49,000-seat Parc des Princes. In the 1990s, three of the four grandstands were torn down due to decay and the stadium's capacity was down to 7,000; later renovations have brought the current capacity to 14,000.

Through November 2017, it had been home to the Racing 92 rugby club, currently playing in France's Top 14, but Racing has since moved to the new U Arena in Nanterre. The RCF Paris football club, which plays in the fourth division, remains at Yves-du-Manoir. The stadium was the field hockey venue at the 2024 Summer Olympics.