Template:Short description Template:More citations needed Template:Infobox military installation
Marine Corps Base Hawaii (MCBH), formerly Marine Corps Air Station Kaneohe Bay and originally Naval Air Station Kaneohe Bay, is a U.S. Marine Corps facility and air station located on the Mokapu Peninsula of windward O'ahu in the City & County of Honolulu. Marine Corps Base Hawaii is home to Marines, Sailors, their family members, and civilian employees. The United States Marine Corps operates a Template:Convert runway at the base.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
MCBH is home for the 3rd Marine Littoral Regiment, Marine Aircraft Group 24, Combat Logistics Company 33 (CLC-33), 3rd Radio Battalion, and the Navy's Patrol and Reconnaissance Wing 2.Template:Not verified in body
The base lies between the two largest windward O'ahu communities of Kailua and Kāne'ohe, and the main gate is reached at the eastern end of Interstate H-3. The main access to the base is by either H-3 or Mokapu Road. MCB Hawaii is located on the windward side of Oahu, approximately Template:Convert northeast of Honolulu. Marine Corps Base Hawaii occupies the entire Mokapu Peninsula, an area of Template:Convert. Two areas of the base are classified as conservation land, including the Ulupaʻu Crater area (northeast peninsula) and the Nu'upia Pond area (at the Mokapu Road).Template:Not verified in body
HistoryEdit
In 1918, President Woodrow Wilson designated Template:Convert of land on Mokapu Peninsula for the military. The Kuwaahoe Military Reservation, became known later, in 1942 as Fort Hase. In 1941, Army artillery units moved into the area. In 1939, the Navy constructed a small seaplane base and upon its completion, Naval Air Station Kaneohe Bay's role was expanded to include the administration of the Kaneohe Bay Naval Defense Sea Area.Template:Citation needed paragraph
Attack on Pearl HarborEdit
On 7 December 1941, Naval Air Station Kaneohe Bay was attacked approximately 9 minutes before the attack on Pearl Harbor. The gunners there shot down 3 airplanes, two went into Kaneohe Bay while another one crashed into the base of Radar Hill. The crash site has a memorial to the pilot who died. Template:Citation needed
Post World War IIEdit
In 1951, the Marines assumed control of the air station activities when naval aviation moved to Barbers Point Naval Air Station. On 15 January 1952, Marine Corps Air Station Kaneohe Bay was commissioned. On 15 April 1994, the Marine Corps consolidated all of its installations in Hawaii. MCAS Kaneohe Bay, Camp H. M. Smith, Molokai Training Support Facility, Manana Family Housing Area, Puuloa Range, and the Pearl City Warehouse Annex combined to form a new command, the Marine Corps Base Hawaii, headquartered at MCBH Kaneohe Bay.Template:Citation needed paragraph
All U.S. military units located in Hawaii fall under the command of the U.S. Indo-Pacific Command (USINDOPACOM) which is headquartered at Camp H. M. Smith on Oahu. The Commanding General of Marine Forces Pacific (MARFORPAC) also commands 12 Marine Corps bases and stations in Arizona, California, Hawaii, and Japan, operational forces in Hawaii and Okinawa Prefecture, and units deployed to Southeast/west Asia.Template:Citation needed paragraph
In 2010, parts of the movie Battleship were filmed aboard MCBH.<ref>Template:Cite press release</ref>
IncidentsEdit
On 20 November 2023, a P-8A Poseidon of the US Navy approached to land on Runway 22 in rain and reduced visibility. It was unable to stop and overshot the runway, ending in Kāneʻohe Bay. The crew of 9 was rescued by US Coast Guard boats. The plane was from Patrol Squadron 4 ("Skinny Dragons") based at Naval Air Station Whidbey Island in Washington state.<ref name="2023-11-21_AP-M">Navy Plane Overshoots Runway and Ends Up in Ocean, but All 9 Aboard Escape Unharmed, Audrey McAvoy and Beatrice Dupuy, Associated Press/Military.com, 2023-11-21</ref>
GeographyEdit
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According to the United States Census Bureau, the base has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert is land and Template:Convert, or 24.74%, is water. Template:Citation needed paragraphIt is dominated by two large volcanic formations, Radar Hill and Ulapau Crater. Radar Hill stands 646 ft tall and is home to Kansas Tower which is a former Radar Station hence the name Radar Hill. On the other side of the base lays Ulapau Crater. It stands 659 ft tall and loms over the base.
DemographicsEdit
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For census purposes, the area is demarcated as the Kaneohe Base census-designated place (CDP), with a population at the 2020 Census of 9,483.<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The CDP was formerly known as Kaneohe Station.<ref name=2010CensusP2/>
2020 censusEdit
| Race / Ethnicity | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
% 2010 | % 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White alone (NH) | 6,008 | 5,587 | 63.13% | 58.92% | ||
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 628 | 621 | 6.60% | 6.55% | ||
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 80 | 22 | 0.84% | 0.23% | ||
| Asian alone (NH) | 347 | 293 | 3.65% | 3.09% | ||
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 66 | 89 | 0.69% | 0.94% | ||
| Some Other Race alone (NH) | 21 | 98 | 0.22% | 1.03% | ||
| Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) | 477 | 389 | 5.01% | 4.10% | ||
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 1,890 | 2,384 | 19.86% | 25.14% | ||
| Total | 9,517 | 9,483 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
2000 CensusEdit
As of the 2000 census, there were 11,827 people, 2,332 households, and 2,283 families residing on the base. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 2,388 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the base was 66.6% White, 12.1% African American, 1.1% Native American, 5.3% Asian, 1.2% Pacific Islander, 7.6% from other races, and 6.1% from two or more races. 14.6% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. For every 100 women, there were 202.6 men. For every 100 women age 18 and over, there were 258.8 men. The median income for a household on the base was $34,757.<ref name="GR2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
EducationEdit
The Hawaii Department of Education operates Mokapu Elementary School on the MCBH property which goes from kindergarten to 6th grade. Template:As of its enrollment was about 900, making it the largest school by enrollment on the Windward side of the island.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Renewable energy and "green" initiativesEdit
Since 2004, MCBH has partnered with Ocean Power Technologies to test the generation of electric power from ocean waves using a "PowerBuoy" wave energy converter, one of the first wave power projects in the U.S.<ref>Ocean Power Technologies projects: Oahu</ref>
The Azura wave power device is currently being tested in a 30-meter site at the base.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Marine Corps Base Hawaii, under commanding officer Col. Robert Rice, installed solar water heaters on all base housing units, and on 8 December 2010, was scheduled to debut a "Net Zero" sustainable energy home, which uses solar power. The base fleet of government vehicles is also being changed over to hybrid and electric vehicles and most other "FlexFuel" vehicles now operate on E85 ethanol-based fuel. MCB Hawaii installed the first E85 pump in the state of Hawaii in November 2010, the first U.S. military installation in the world to do so.Template:Citation needed paragraph
See alsoEdit
- 16th Coast Artillery (United States)
- List of United States Marine Corps installations
- U.S. Army Coast Artillery Corps
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
Template:HIMilitary Template:Honolulu County, Hawaii {{#invoke:Navbox|navbox}} Template:Authority control