Gary Panter

Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox comics creator Gary Panter (born December 1, 1950) is an American cartoonist, illustrator, painter, designer and part-time musician. Panter's work is representative of the post-underground, new wave comics movement that began with the end of Arcade: The Comics Revue and the initiation of RAW, one of the main instigators of American alternative comics. The Comics Journal has called Panter the "Greatest Living Cartoonist."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Panter has published his work in various magazines and newspapers, including Time and Rolling Stone, and in notable comics anthologies such as Raw, BLAB!, Zero Zero, Anarchy Comics, Weirdo, Kramers Ergot, and Young Lust. He has exhibited widely, and won two Daytime Emmy Awards for his set designs for Pee-wee's Playhouse.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> His most notable works include Jimbo: Adventures in Paradise, Jimbo's Inferno, and Facetasm, the latter of which was created together with Charles Burns (and which won a Firecracker Alternative Book Award).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Early life and educationEdit

Panter was born in Durant, Oklahoma, and grew up in Brownsville, Texas, and Sulphur Springs, Texas.<ref name="JimboParadise" /> He attended East Texas State University, where he studied under Jack Unruh and Lee Baxter Davis, and became part of the group of artists known as "The Lizard Cult."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

CareerEdit

Early work and punk sceneEdit

As an early participant in the Los Angeles punk scene in the 1970s, Panter defined the grungy style of the era with his drawings for the punk fanzine Slash and numerous record covers.

Jimbo and comicsEdit

Panter created Jimbo, his punk everyman, in 1974.<ref name="NYT2017" /> Jimbo embodies elements of Jack Kirby and Picasso.<ref name="NYT2017" /> The character was a regular feature in Slash, Raw, and has been featured in his own comic book series and several graphic novels.

Panter's good friend Matt Groening<ref>Template:Cite video</ref> said of Jimbo, "He and his friends are always up against systems of control... Jimbo is a wild combo-platter of brilliant drawing and stuff you didn't know could be done with mere pen and ink."<ref name="NYT2017">Template:Cite news</ref> Groening has also stated that Jimbo's spiky hair inspired the design of Bart Simpson.<ref name="NYT2021">Template:Cite news</ref>

Jimbo in Purgatory (Fantagraphics, 2004) and Jimbo's Inferno (Fantagraphics, 2006) are graphic novels combining classical literature, particularly Dante's Divine Comedy, with pop and punk culture sensibilities. Jimbo's Inferno received an American Book Award in 2007.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Rozz Tox and graphic novelsEdit

In 1979,<ref name="Lambiek">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Panter's Rozz Tox Manifesto was published in the Ralph Records catalog, advocating for artists to engage the capitalist system.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He also collaborated with Jay Cotton on Pee-Dog: The Shit Generation for the Church of the SubGenius.

Panter continued to publish alternative comics and graphic novels, including Cola Madnes and contributions to the avant-garde magazine RAW.

Pee-wee's Playhouse and set designEdit

In the 1980s, Panter became the set designer for the children's television show Pee-wee's Playhouse. His visual approach diverged sharply from prevailing trends in children's media, eschewing simplified, pastel visuals for densely layered, chaotic sets. He won two Daytime Emmy Awards for his work on the show.

While designing for television, he remained active in comics and illustration.

Later projects and publicationsEdit

Panter created the online series Pink Donkey for Cartoon Network.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In 2008, PictureBox published Gary Panter, a two-volume, 700-page retrospective including sketches and previously unpublished material.

In 2010, the French publisher United Dead Artists released two volumes of his work: The Wrong Box<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and The Land Unknown.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Use by music artistsEdit

Warner Bros. Records commissioned Panter to paint the album covers for the unauthorized releases of Frank Zappa's albums Studio Tan (1978), Sleep Dirt and Orchestral Favorites (1979).

In 2006, one of Panter's paintings was used as the cover art for Yo La Tengo's album I Am Not Afraid of You and I Will Beat Your Ass.

Personal lifeEdit

From 1978 to 1986, Panter was married to writer Nicole Panter, who was the manager of Los Angeles punk rock band the Germs. He later married art director Helene Silverman.<ref name="JimboParadise">Template:Cite book</ref>

StyleEdit

Panter was influenced by, among others, Frank Zappa's art director Cal Schenkel.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> His comics are fast and hard and are drawn in an expressionistic manner. His works balance the worlds of painting, commercial art, illustration, cartoons, alternative comix, and music.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

ExhibitionsEdit

With Winsor McCay, Lyonel Feininger, George Herriman, Elzie Segar, Frank King, Chester Gould, Milton Caniff, Charles Schulz, Will Eisner, Jack Kirby, Harvey Kurtzman, Robert Crumb, Art Spiegelman and Chris Ware, Panter was among the artists honored in the exhibition "Masters of American Comics" at the Jewish Museum in New York City, from September 16, 2006, to January 28, 2007.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

An exhibition of originals of Gary Panter's drawings and paintings was shown at the Phoenix Art Museum from April 21 through August 19, 2007. An exhibition of paintings was at the Dunn and Brown Contemporary Gallery in Dallas in October 2007.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Awards and honorsEdit

Panter was the recipient of the 2012 Klein Award, which was given by the Museum of Comic and Cartoon Art at their annual MoCCA Art Festival in New York.