1729 in Canada

Events from the year 1729 in Canada.

Incumbents

• French Monarch: Louis XV<ref>Guéganic (2008), p. 13.</ref>
• British and Irish Monarch: George II<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Governors

• Governor General of New France: Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois
• Colonial Governor of Louisiana: Étienne Perier
• Governor of Nova Scotia: Lawrence Armstrong
• Governor of Placentia: Samuel Gledhill

Events

• La Vérendrye became first commandant of the Posts of the West. He was posted to Fort Kaministiquia in this year and began the western expansion in 1731.
• Natchez attacked French Fort Rosalie and French settlements nearby after the French commander of the fort, Sieur Chepart, ordered them to abandon their village of White Apple. The Natchez wiped out the entire settlement and captured Fort Rosalie. In 1730 and 1731 the French, aided by the Choctaw, launched two counterattacks out of New Orleans, capturing and selling into plantation slavery most of the tribe and its smaller allies. A few bands found refuge among the Chickasaw, Creek, and Cherokee.

Births

• Joseph Frederick Wallet DesBarres, governor of Cape Breton.<ref>"DesBarres, Joseph Frederick Wallet" Template:Webarchive. The Canadian Encyclopedia.</ref>

Deaths

• Jean-François Du Verger de Verville, designer of the Fortress of Louisbourg.<ref>"Verville, Jean-François Du Verger de" Template:Webarchive. The Canadian Encyclopedia.</ref>

Historical documents

New York governor says Six Nations want garrison at Oswego trading house and will assist against "any Power that dares to Attack it"<ref>"His Excellency's Speech to the General Assembly...of New-York, the 14th of May, 1729" The New-York Gazette (May 19, 1729). Accessed 3 May 2021</ref>

N.Y. governor says Oswego trading house will protect Indigenous fur suppliers from "the wonted abuses of the Handlers or Traders"<ref>890 Governor Montgomerie to the Council of Trade and Plantations (August 29, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 29 April 2021</ref>

Ten New York acts about trade with Indigenous people (1720-1729) repealed because "the execution of them are grievous and oppressive"<ref>"1025 Order of King in Council" (December 11, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 30 April 2021</ref>

Irish and New England families want to settle east of Kennebec River boundary of Nova Scotia, but not in French-dominated N.S.<ref>"628 i Memorial of David Dunbar, Surveyor General of the lands of Nova Scotia, to the King" (March? 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 28 April 2021</ref>

How valid are French claims from Kennebeck to Canso (though "reconquered" by British) in current settlement plans? (Note: "savages" used)<ref>"1005 Council of Trade and Plantations to the Committee of the Privy Council" (December 4, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 29 April 2021</ref>

Keep Massachusetts government out of new Maine settlement because "incensed Indians" were cheated of land by "fraudelent practices"<ref>"997 Capt. Coram to the Council of Trade and Plantations" (November 28, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 29 April 2021</ref>

French say "live well with the English" to Penobscot, who okay Pemaquid settlement, but label any move past Saint George River unfriendly<ref>1045 Letter of David Dunbar and "1045 i Indian Chiefs of Penobscot tribe to Col. Dunbar..., St. Georges River in Georgia" (December 29 and November 14, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 30 April 2021</ref>

Penobscot and Nanrantsouak welcome Pemaquid settlement, even if none of them "had a right to sell any, for it all belonged to the King"<ref>1019 Letter of Col. Dunbar (December 10, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 28 April 2021</ref>

Nova Scotia proper, and not part east of Kennebeck, should be promoted to settlers, with incentives for men to marry Indigenous women<ref>631 i Council of Trade and Plantations to the King (March 21, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 28 April 2021</ref>

German Palatines and others should settle in new province (to be called Georgia) east of Kennebeck, and also in Nova Scotia proper<ref>"705 Council of Trade and Plantations to Committee of Privy Council" (May 14, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 29 April 2021</ref>

"For security against the Frenchified Indians," Nova Scotia Palatines should be in villages 3 miles apart with 60 families each<ref>963 Letter of Thomas Coram (November 10, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 29 April 2021</ref>

Surveyor of His Majesty's Woods says "Indians" will be dangerous and Bay of Fundy Acadians obstructive when he works in Nova Scotia<ref>589 Letter of David Dunbar (February 6, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 28 April 2021</ref>

Mindful of "safety and welfare" of Nova Scotia, governor glad to find Annapolis River Acadians are all willing to sign oath to King<ref>"Governor Philipps to the Duke of Newcastle" (January 3, 1729), Nova Scotia Documents; Acadian French, pgs. 83-4. Accessed April 26, 2021</ref>

Insubordination and arrogance of two government officials add to "great disorder" in Nova Scotia, says Lt. Governor Lawrence Armstrong<ref>"789 Lt. Governor Armstrong to the Council of Trade and Plantations" (June 23, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 29 April 2021</ref>

Canso fishery survey finds all fishers are in schooners based in New England and catch fish as far as 120 miles out on banks<ref>"1041 Capt. Weller to the Council of Trade and Plantations" (December 25, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 30 April 2021</ref>

On Île-Royale (Cape Breton Island), Louisbourg has 1,500 people, 7 companies of soldiers "strongly fortify'd," and "Irish Papists"<ref>"1041 Capt. Weller to the Council of Trade and Plantations" (December 25, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 30 April 2021</ref>

Privy Council orders that governors be instructed not to confiscate whale products of Nova Scotia and other fisheries<ref>"1036 Order of Committee of Council" (December 18, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 30 April 2021</ref>

New Seal of Nova Scotia depicts land, fishing and fur trading, with motto "Terrae Marisque Opes" (Wealth of Land and Sea)<ref>"673 H.M. Warrant to John Rollos, engraver" (April 22, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. photo Accessed 28 April 2021</ref>

Newfoundland fur trade lost because "by their constant cruel usage to the Indians wherever they meet them, all traffick [is] cutt off"<ref>940 i (xxv) Newfoundland survey answers (October 14, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 29 April 2021</ref>

New England merchants in Newfoundland sometimes are paid in fish, taking worst sort to ship for "negroes" in West Indies<ref>940 i (xxxviii) Newfoundland survey answers (October 14, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 29 April 2021</ref>

Extending too much credit to Newfoundland fishers "is certainly the occasion of all the faults, disputes and disorders that happen"<ref>940 i (xlii) Newfoundland survey answers (October 14, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 29 April 2021</ref>

"Long committed and often repeated" - Infractions in Newfoundland come of Admirals' irresponsible, self-serving and selective enforcement<ref>"697 i Lord V. Beauclerk's Answer to the Heads of Enquiry etc." (May 7, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 28 April 2021</ref>

Newfoundland's "proper remedies" include trial of tyrannical Placentia governor and increasing Commodore's military and judicial powers<ref>"666 Report of Committee of Privy Council" (April 19, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 28 April 2021</ref>

New Newfoundland governor instructed to stop (with few exceptions) direct imports from other colonies and European countries<ref>Governor Osborn's Commission (May 14, 1729). Accessed 26 April 2021 https://www.heritage.nf.ca/lawfoundation/articles/doc3_1729osborn.html (scroll down to "Instructions to Our Trusty," #7; instructions also here: 708 ii)</ref>

"The inhabitants seem pleas'd" - Governor Osborn appoints three justices of the peace and several constables in St. John's and region<ref>883 Letter of Commodore Lord Vere Beauclerk (August 18, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 29 April 2021</ref>

Poole merchants complain of ships from outside England fishing in Newfoundland in contravention of statute<ref>595 Letter of mayor and 17 merchants (February 12, 1729; allegation denied May 21, 1729), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 36, 1728-1729. Accessed 28 April 2021</ref>

"With confounded Rum they ever stink" - Navy chaplain calls "most" Newfoundlanders "sottish," "frightful" and "in a willing Banishment"<ref>B. Lacy, Miscellaneous Poems Compos'd at Newfoundland.... (1729), pgs. 13-14. Accessed 26 April 2021</ref>