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The 1912 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the V Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event held in Stockholm, Sweden, between 5 May and 27 July 1912.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="1912 Olympedia">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> A total of 2,407 athletes representing 28 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) participated,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> which included seven teams making their Olympic debut at the Summer Games; Chile,<ref name="Chile IOC">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Egypt,<ref name="Egypt IOC">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Iceland,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Japan,<ref name="Japan IOC">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Luxembourg,<ref name="Luxembourg IOC">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Portugal,<ref name="Portugal IOC">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Serbia.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The games featured 107 events in 19 disciplines.<ref name="1912 Olympedia" /> The games included the Olympic debut of equestrian dressage and eventing, as well as the modern pentathlon.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Athletes representing 19 NOCs received at least one medal, with 16 winning at least one gold medal.<ref name="IOC medal table" /> Sweden won the most medals overall, with 65, while the United States won the most gold medals, with 44.<ref name="IOC medal table" /> Among individual participants, Swedish shooter Vilhelm Carlberg, Finnish runner Hannes Kolehmainen, and American shooter Alfred Lane tied for the most gold medals, with three each.<ref name="SR">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Carlberg had the most total medals, with five (three gold, two silver).<ref name="SR" />

Medal tableEdit

File:Jim Thorpe 1912b.jpg
American athlete Jim Thorpe won gold medals in the men's pentathlon and decathlon events. His gold medals were stripped after he was found to have previously been a paid athlete. He was re-awarded the medals in 1982, as co-winner, and declared the sole winner of the events in 2022 by the IOC.<ref name="Thorpe2">Template:Cite news</ref>

The medal table is based on information provided by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and is consistent with IOC conventional sorting in its published medal tables. The table uses the Olympic medal table sorting method. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won, where a nation is an entity represented by a NOC. The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> If teams are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically by their IOC country code.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The 1912 Games featured five art competitions which awarded medals, but did not do so for a full top three, instead opting to award only a first or first and second place medal. Only gold and no silver or bronze medals were awarded in architecture, literature, music, and painting.<ref name="Olympedia arts">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In sculpturing, a gold and silver medal, but no bronze, were awarded.<ref name="Olympedia arts"/>

In the men's light heavyweight Greco-Roman, the final round featured three wrestlers, Anders Ahlgren, Ivar Böhling, and Béla Varga, who took turns facing off against one another. Ahlgren and Böhling defeated Varga, but they were unable to defeat each other. The match between Ahlgren and Böhling lasted for over 9 hours without a victor. The Olympic rules at the time specifically stated that the winner must have beaten their opponent, and since neither person could claim to have done so, both Ahlgreen and Böhling were awarded silver medals, with no gold being awarded.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In men's single sculls and men's coxed four, there were two-way ties for third which resulted in two bronze medals being awarded in each event.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In men's pole vault, there was a two-way tie for second, which resulted in two silver medals being awarded. Additionally, there was a three-way tie for fourth, which the IOC awarded bronze medals for.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In the tug of war, three of the five teams withdrew for unknown reasons, resulting in only two teams participating and a bronze medal not being awarded.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Three teams made the final round of the men's 4 x 100 metres relay, but when Germany was disqualified for a faulty baton pass, it resulted in no bronze medal being awarded for the event.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

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Changes in medal standingsEdit

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List of official changes in medal standings
Event Ruling date Athlete (Template:Abbr) Template:Gold1 Template:Silver2 Template:Bronze3 Net change Comment
Athletics, men's pentathlon 1913 Template:FlagIOCathlete Template:Abbrv −1 −1 Jim Thorpe, the winner of the pentathlon and decathlon events, was subsequently disqualified after having taken expense money for playing semi-professional baseball. Only amateur athletes were allowed to compete at the time, and by taking money, he was no longer considered an amateur. The athletes ranking second through fourth were upgraded to first through third.<ref name="Thorpe 1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref name="Thorpe2" />

Hugo Wieslander had refused to accept the gold medal, being of the opinion that Thorpe was the legitimate gold medallist.<ref name="IOC Thorpe">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

CitationClass=web

}}</ref> Ferdinand Bie is also thought to have never accepted the gold medal.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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}}</ref>

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Athletics, men's decathlon Template:FlagIOCathlete Template:Abbrv −1 −1
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Athletics, men's pentathlon October 1982 Template:FlagIOCathlete +1 +1 In 1982, twenty-nine years after Thorpe's death, he was reinstated as a co-winner in both events as the disqualification was deemed improper. Thorpe became co-champion with Ferdinand Bie and Hugo Wieslander. None of the other medalists had their positions adjusted.<ref name="Thorpe 1" /><ref name="Thorpe2" />
Athletics, men's decathlon +1 +1
Athletics, men's pentathlon July 2022 Template:FlagIOCathlete –1 +1 0 In 2022, Thorpe was reinstated as the sole winner of the events with the consent of the involved National Olympic Committees and descendants of the athletes.<ref name="Thorpe 1" /><ref name="Thorpe2" /> There were no adjustments made to the standings of the other competitors who were awarded medals.<ref name="IOC Thorpe" />
Athletics, men's decathlon Template:FlagIOCathlete –1 +1 0
List of official changes by country
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See alsoEdit

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ReferencesEdit

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Template:Olympic games medal count Template:Top Summer Olympics medal-winning nations