5535 Annefrank

Template:Short description {{#invoke:infobox|infoboxTemplate | class = vcard | titleclass = fn org | title = 5535 Annefrank | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image=Annefrank-mirror.png|upright={{#if:||1.1}}|alt=}} | caption = Annefrank viewed by Stardust in 2002 | headerstyle = {{#if:#D6D6D6|background-color:#D6D6D6|background-color:#E0CCFF}} | labelstyle = max-width:{{#if:||11em}}; | autoheaders = y

| header1 = Discovery <ref name="jpldata" />

| header10 = {{#if:|Designations|Designations}}

| header20 = Orbital characteristics{{#ifeq:|yes| (barycentric)}} <ref name="jpldata" />

| data21 = | data22 = {{#if:4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) |Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)}} | data23 = {{#if:0 | Uncertainty parameter 0}} | label24 = Observation arc | data24 = 75.02 yr (27,400 days) | label25 = Earliest precovery date | data25 = | label26 = {{#switch:{{{apsis}}} |apsis|gee|barion|center|centre|(apsis)=Apo{{{apsis}}} |Ap{{#if:|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}}} | data26 = 2.3527 AU | label27 = Peri{{#if:|{{{apsis}}}|helion}} | data27 = 2.0721 AU | label28 = Peri{{#if:|{{{apsis}}}|apsis}} | data28 = | label29 = {{#switch:{{{apsis}}} |helion|astron=Ap{{{apsis}}} |Apo{{#if:|{{{apsis}}}|apsis}}}} | data29 = | label30 = Periastron | data30 = | label31 = Apoastron | data31 = | label32 = Template:Longitem | data32 = 2.2124 AU | label33 = Template:Longitem | data33 = | label34 = Eccentricity | data34 = 0.0634 | label35 = Template:Longitem | data35 = 3.29 yr (1,202 days) | label36 = Template:Longitem | data36 = | label37 = Template:Longitem | data37 = | label38 = Template:Longitem | data38 = 23.021° | label39 = Template:Longitem | data39 = Template:Deg2DMS / day | label40 = Inclination | data40 = 4.2473° | label41 = Template:Longitem | data41 = | label42 = Template:Longitem | data42 = 120.64° | label43 = Template:Longitem | data43 = | label44 = Template:Longitem | data44 = | label45 = Template:Longitem | data45 = 9.1351° | label46 = Template:Nowrap | data46 = | label47 = Satellite of | data47 = | label48 = Group | data48 = | label49 = {{#switch: |yes|true=Satellites |Known satellites}} | data49 = | label50 = Star | data50 = | label51 = Earth MOID | data51 = | label52 = Mercury MOID | data52 = | label53 = Venus MOID | data53 = | label54 = Mars MOID | data54 = | label55 = Jupiter MOID | data55 = | label56 = Saturn MOID | data56 = | label57 = Uranus MOID | data57 = | label58 = Neptune MOID | data58 = | label59 = T_Jupiter | data59 =

| header60 = Proper orbital elements

| label61 = Template:Longitem | data61 = {{#if: |{{{p_semimajor}}} AU}} | label62 = Template:Longitem | data62 = | label63 = Template:Longitem | data63 = | label64 = Template:Longitem | data64 = {{#if: |{{{p_mean_motion}}} deg Template:\yr}} | label65 = Template:Longitem | data65 = {{#if:|{{#expr:360/1 round 5}} yr
({{#expr:365.25*360/1 round 3}} d) }} | label66 = Template:Longitem | data66 = {{#if:|{{{perihelion_rate}}} arcsec Template:\yr }} | label67 = Template:Longitem | data67 = {{#if:|{{{node_rate}}} arcsec Template:\yr}}

| header70 = Template:Anchor{{#if:yes| Physical characteristics|Physical characteristics}}

| label71 = Dimensions | data71 = (6.6 x 5.0 x 3.4 km)<ref name="jpldata" />
Template:Val km<ref name="Masiero-2012" />
4.8 km<ref name="jpldata" />
4.94 km Template:Small<ref name="lcdb" /> | label72 = Template:Longitem | data72 = | label73 = Template:Longitem | data73 = | label74 = Template:Longitem | data74 = | label75 = Template:Longitem | data75 = | label76 = Flattening | data76 = | label77 = Circumference | data77 = | label78 = Template:Longitem | data78 = | label79 = Volume | data79 = | label80 = Mass | data80 = | label81 = Template:Longitem | data81 = | label82 = Template:Longitem | data82 = | label83 = Template:Longitem | data83 = | label84 = Template:Longitem | data84 = | label85 = Template:Longitem | data85 = Template:Val h<ref name="Schmidt-2007" />
Template:Val h<ref name="Waszczak-2015" />
Template:Val h<ref name="Chang-2015" /> | label86 = Template:Longitem | data86 = | label87 = Template:Longitem | data87 = | label88 = Template:Longitem | data88 = | label89 = Template:Longitem | data89 = | label90 = Template:Longitem | data90 = | label91 = Template:Longitem | data91 = | label92 = Template:Longitem | data92 = | label93 = {{#if:yes |Template:Longitem |Albedo}} | data93 = Template:Val<ref name="Duxbury-2004" />
0.24 Template:Small<ref name="lcdb" />
Template:Val<ref name="Hillier-2011" />
Template:Val<ref name="Masiero-2012" /> | label94 = Temperature | data94 =

| data100 = {{#if:|

Surface temp.	min	mean	max
{{{temp_name1}}}
{{{temp_name2}}}
{{{temp_name3}}}
{{{temp_name4}}}

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| label101 = Surface absorbed dose rate | data101 = | label102 = Surface equivalent dose rate | data102 = | label103 = Template:Longitem | data103 = S <ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Duxbury-2004" /> | label104 = Template:Longitem | data104 = | label105 = Template:Longitem | data105 = | label106 = Template:Longitem | data106 = Template:Val Template:Small<ref name="Chang-2015" />Template:·Template:Val Template:Small<ref name="Waszczak-2015" />Template:·13.7<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Masiero-2012" />Template:·Template:Val<ref name="Veres-2015" /> | label107 = Template:Longitem | data107 =

| header110 = Atmosphere

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File:Animation of Stardust trajectory.gif

Animation of Stardust Template:'s trajectory from 7 February 1999 to 7 April 2011
Template:Legend2 Template:·Template:Legend2 Template:·Template:Legend2 Template:·Template:Legend2 Template:·Template:Legend2

5535 Annefrank (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell), provisional designation Template:Mp, is a stony Florian asteroid and suspected contact binary from the inner asteroid belt, approximately 4.5 kilometers in diameter. It was used as a target to practice the flyby technique that the Stardust space probe would later use on the comet Wild 2.<ref name="Duxbury-2004" />

The asteroid was discovered 23 March 1942, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany.<ref name="MPC-Annefrank" /> It was named after Anne Frank, a victim of the Holocaust.<ref name="springer" />

Orbit and classificationEdit

Annefrank is a member of the Flora family, one of the largest collisional populations of stony asteroids in the main-belt. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.1–2.4 AU once every 3 years and 3 months (1,202 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.06 and an inclination of 4° with respect to the ecliptic.<ref name="jpldata" />

The body's observation arc begins at Crimea–Nauchnij in 1978, with its identification as Template:Mp, 36 years after its official discovery observation at Heidelberg.<ref name="MPC-Annefrank" />

Physical characteristicsEdit

Annefrank has been characterized as a common S-type asteroid.<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Duxbury-2004" />

Diameter, albedo and shapeEdit

On 2 November 2002, the Stardust space probe flew past Annefrank at a distance of 3079 km. Its images show the asteroid to be 6.6 × 5.0 × 3.4 km, twice as big as previously thought, and its main body shaped like a triangular prism with several visible impact craters.<ref name="Duxbury-2004" /> From the photographs, the albedo of Annefrank was computed to be between 0.18 and 0.24.<ref name="Duxbury-2004" /> Preliminary analysis of the Stardust imagery suggests that Annefrank may be a contact binary, although other possible explanations exist for its observed shape.<ref name="Duxbury-2004" />

Rotation and polesEdit

In October 2006, ground-based photometric observations were used in an attempt to measure AnnefrankTemplate:'s rotational period. Analysis of the ambiguous lightcurve gave a period of Template:Val hours and a brightness variation of 0.25 magnitude with two alternative period solutions of 12 and 22.8 hours, respectively (Template:Small).<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Schmidt-2007" />

In January 2014, photometric observations at the Palomar Transient Factory gave a rotation period of Template:Val and Template:Val hours with an amplitude of 0.17 and 0.20 magnitude, respectively (Template:Small).<ref name="Waszczak-2015" /><ref name="Chang-2015" />

The lightcurve data suggests that Annefrank is not Lambertian, meaning that surface features, such as shadows from boulders and craters, play a role in the object's perceived brightness and not just the asteroid's relative size when seen from that orientation.<ref name="Schmidt-2007" />

The body's shortest axis is approximately aligned perpendicular to its orbital plane.<ref name="Duxbury-2004" />

NamingEdit

This minor planet was named after Anne Frank, the German-Dutch-Jewish diarist who died in a Nazi concentration camp during the Second World War.<ref name="springer" /> The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 14 May 1995 (Template:Small).<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive" />

ReferencesEdit

Template:Reflist

External linksEdit

Template:Sister project

A page with images from the Stardust flyby Template:Webarchive
Ted Stryk's Stardust page, including enhanced images of 5535 Annefrank
Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info Template:Webarchive)
Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (5001)-(10000) – Minor Planet Center
Template:JPL Small Body

Template:Minor planets navigator {{#invoke:Navbox|navbox}} Template:Anne Frank Template:Cultural depictions of Anne Frank Template:Authority control