Allen & Ginter

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Allen & Ginter was a Richmond, Virginia, tobacco manufacturing company formed by John F. Allen and Lewis Ginter around 1880. The firm created and marketed the first cigarette cards for collecting and trading in the United States. Some of the notable cards in the series include baseball players Charles Comiskey, Cap Anson, and Jack Glasscock, as well as non-athletes like Buffalo Bill Cody.

The company merged with four other tobacco manufacturers to form the American Tobacco Company in 1890.<ref name=porter/><ref name=nc/> Since 2006, a revived version of the brand has been issued by Topps for a line of baseball cards.<ref name=board/>

History

Tobacco manufacturing

File:Industries of Richmond 1886 - Allen and Ginter.jpg

Engraving of the Allen & Ginter warehouses in Richmond, Virginia, from an 1886 promotional book

File:Virginia brights cigarette box.jpg

Virginia Brights cigarette box by Allen & Ginter, c. 1888

The firm of Allen & Ginter, born around 1880, was the rebranding of John F. Allen & Company, a partnership formed about eight years earlier by John F. Allen and Lewis Ginter. When Allen retired in 1882, Ginter took on John Pope as his new partner but kept Allen's name. The first tobacco company to employ female labor, by 1886 they had 1,100 employees, predominantly girls, who rolled the cigarettes.<ref>The industries of Richmond : Her Trade, Commerce, Manufactures and Representative Establishments. Richmond: Metropolitan Publishing Co., 1886.</ref>

Around 1876, the company offered a prize for the invention of a machine able to roll cigarettes (which until then had been hand-rolled).<ref>Burns, Brian. Lewis Ginter: Richmond's Gilded Age Icon. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2011.</ref> In 1880, James Albert Bonsack of Virginia invented a cigarette rolling machine. Because it was not completely reliable, all but one of the large tobacco manufacturers declined to buy the machine. James Buchanan Duke did buy this cigarette rolling machine in 1885 and used it to great success; by 1890 he had consolidated his four major competitors, including Allen & Ginter, and formed the American Tobacco Company.<ref>Pritcher, Lynn. "More About Tobacco Advertising and the Tobacco Collections." Duke University Libraries. 24 January 2008. 10 April 2008.</ref> The "Allen & Ginter Company" was no more, but Lewis Ginter sat on the board of the American Tobacco Company.

The cigarette brands of Allen & Ginter included Richmond Gems, Virginia Brights, Perfection, Dandies and Little Beauties.

In 1890, Allen & Ginter, along with other companies of the United States (W. Duke & Sons, W.S. Kimball & Company, Kinney Tobacco, and Goodwin & Company) formed the American Tobacco Company, in an attempt to compete against British tobacco companies.<ref name=porter>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Collectible cards

In late 1880s, Allen & Ginter began to release cigarette card sets as stiffeners<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> for the tobacco package and promotional items for its cigarette brands. The most part of the collection consisted of illustrated cards, but there were a few collections of photographs. Topics varied from birds and wild animals to American Indian chiefs or flags of the world. Allen & Ginter's baseball cards were the first of the tobacco era baseball cards ever produced for distribution on a national level.<ref>Allen & Ginter Tobacco Cards (Archive, 27 Jul 2009)</ref> The most popular and highly sought after of these sets is the N28 and N29 "World's Champions" series, released in 1887.<ref name=board>1887 N28 Allen & Ginter Baseball Cards on The Cardboard Connection</ref>

In 1887, Allen & Ginter released its iconic "World's Champions<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>" set, featuring not only baseball players but also athletes from various sports and notable public figures. These cards<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> were illustrated, featuring vibrant chromolithographic printing.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Players like Cap Anson and King Kelly became some of the earliest sports celebrities,Template:Citation needed immortalized through Allen & Ginter’s cards.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Allen & Ginter's influence extended beyond just baseball, inspiring future tobacco companies and card manufacturers to produce similar sets.Template:Citation needed Today, Allen & Ginter's cards are highly valued among collectors for their historical significance and artistry.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Modern era

Template:Infobox brand In 2006, Topps, a leading producer of confectionery and trading cards, resurrected the Allen & Ginter brand name to produce a series of illustrated trading cards, mostly focused on baseball sets. Nevertheless, the first couple of years of the product's inception saw the inclusion of several other sports figures such as Jennie Finch (softball), Brandi Chastain and Mia Hamm (soccer), Hulk Hogan (wrestling), Danica Patrick (auto racing), Leon Spinks (boxing), Randy Couture (mixed martial arts), Misty May-Treanor (beach volleyball) and Dennis Rodman (basketball).<ref name=board/>

Allen & Ginter cards began to feature hand-painted cards of current baseball players as well as various insert sets featuring standout athletes in other sports, pop culture icons, and historical figures ranging from Wee-Man to Davy Crockett and everything in between.

Non-sports trading cards issued by Topps included personalities such as Robert E. Lee, Thomas Edison, Billy the Kid and Andrew Carnegie, Davy Crockett, among others.<ref name=board/>

From 2006 to 2009, artist Dick Perez was commissioned to hand paint special one of one insert cards in the style of Allen & Ginter. Perez created 30 art cards each of those years featuring the prominent stars of the game.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

As of 2012 the Allen & Ginter series remains one of Topps' most popular, highest selling brands in their product lineup.

The best known of the Allen & Ginter insert sets however, are the DNA Hair Relic cards. These highly lauded cards feature strands of hair from famous historical figures such as Abraham Lincoln, King George III, George Washington and many others.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Another popular feature of the Allen & Ginter product is the Rip Card. Invented by hobby shop owner and Topps consultant Alan Narz,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Rip Cards have been a part of every Allen & Ginter product since 2006. These cards allow collectors to keep the card intact or to rip the outer card to reveal an exclusive mini card available only inside of a Rip Card. These mini cards may be short prints, autographs, or cards made from metal or wood. Beginning in 2013, Topps began including a Double Rip Card, which had two inner cavities with mini cards inside. In 2019, Topps introduced a jumbo Box Topper Rip Card, with 3 mini cards inside.

Trading cards series

There were various cigarette card sets released as promotional items for these products. The most popular and highly sought after of these sets is the N28 and N29 "World's Champions" series, released in 1887.<ref name=board/>

Some of the series released were (all illustrations, except where noted):

• A25: World's Inventors
• N1: American Editors
• N2: American Indian Chiefs
• N3: Arms of All Nations
• N4: Birds of America
• N5: Birds of the Tropics
• N6: City Flags
• N8: 50 Fish From American Waters
• N9: Flags of All Nations
• N10: Flags of All Nations 2
• N11: Flags of the States and Territories
• N12: Fruits
• N13: Game birds
• N14: General Government and State Capitol Buildings
• N15: Great Generals
• N16: Natives in Costumes
• N17: Naval Flags
• N18: Parasol Drills
• N19: Pirates of the Spanish
• N21: 50 Quadrupeds
• N22: Racing Colors of the World
• N23: Song Birds of the World
• N24: Types of All Nations
• N25: Wild Animals of the World
• N26: World's Beauties Template:Refn
• N27: World's Beauties 2 Template:Refn
• N28: World's Champions
• N29: World's Champions 2
• N30: World's Decorations
• N31: World's Dudes
• N32: World's Racers
• N33: World's Smokers
• N34: World's Sovereigns
• N35: American Editors 2
• N36: American Indian Chiefs 2
• N37: Birds of America 2
• N38: Birds of the Tropics 2
• N40: Game Birds
• N42: Song Birds of the World
• N43: World's Champions 2
• N45: Actors and Actresses Template:Refn
• N46: Cigarette Making Girls
• N47: Dogs ¹
• N48: Girl Baseball Players Template:Refn
• N49: Girl Cyclists Template:Refn
• N57: Actresses Template:Refn
• N58: Girls and Children Template:Refn
• N59: Girls Template:Refn
• N60: Actresses and Celebrities Template:Refn
• N64: Girls and Children Template:Refn
• N65: Girls and Children Template:Refn
• N67: Actresses 2 Template:Refn

Notes

Cigarette cards gallery

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• Dwyer Brothers, from the Racing Colors of the World series (N22b) for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes MET DP835213.jpg

  Dwyer Brothers (Racing Colors of the World

• Emily Bancker, from the Actors and Actresses series (N45, Type 8) for Virginia Brights Cigarettes MET DP831374.jpg

  Emily Bancker (Actors and Actresses)

• Austro-Hungary, from Flags of All Nations, Series 2 (N10) for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes Brands MET DP841360.jpg

  Austria-Hungary (Flags of All Nations)

• South Africa (Boer), from the Natives in Costume series (N16), Teofani Issue, for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes Brands MET DP834892.jpg

  Boer (Natives in Costume)

• Canada Goose, from the Game Birds series (N13) for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes Brands MET DP834665.jpg

  Canada Goose from Game Bird series (1889)

• Big Elk, Ponca, from the American Indian Chiefs series (N2) for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes Brands MET DP828003.jpg

  Big Elk (Indian Chiefs of America)

• Eagle, from the Birds of America series (N4) for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes Brands MET DP828758.jpg

  Bald eagle (Birds of America)

• Benjamin Franklin, printer's sample for the World's Inventors souvenir album (A25) for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes MET DP838827.jpg

  Benjamin Franklin (World's Inventors)

• Cimeter, from the Arms of All Nations series (N3) for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes Brands MET DP828704.jpg

  Cimiter (Arms of All Nations)

• Edward Teach (Black Beard), Walking the Plank, from the Pirates of the Spanish Main series (N19) for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes MET DP835032.jpg

  Edward Teach (Pirates of the Spanish)

• Frank B. "Yank" Adams, Billiard Player, from World's Champions, Series 1 (N28) for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes MET DP827440.jpg

  Yank Adams (World's Champions)

• Emperor of Austria, from World's Sovereigns series (N34) for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes MET DP838676.jpg

  Franz Joseph I, (World's Sovereigns)

• Sturgeon, from Fish from American Waters series (N39) for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes MET DP839119.jpg

  Sturgeon (American Waters)

Further reading

• Enstad, Nan. Cigarettes, Inc.: An Intimate History of Corporate Imperialism. University of Chicago Press, 2018.
• Robert Sobel The Entrepreneurs: Explorations Within the American Business Tradition (Weybright & Talley 1974), chapter 5, James Buchanan Duke: Opportunism Is the Spur Template:ISBN.

External links

• Allen & Ginter collections on Topps
• Topps Allen & Ginter collection on Cardboardconnection
• Allen & Ginter collector's site (archived, 16 June 2021)