Andy Goldsworthy

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Andy Goldsworthy Template:Postnominals (born 25 July 1956) is an English sculptor, photographer, and environmentalist who produces site-specific sculptures and land art situated in natural or urban settings.

Early lifeEdit

Goldsworthy was born in Cheshire on 25 July 1956, the son of Muriel (née Stanger) and F. Allin Goldsworthy (1929–2001), a former professor of applied mathematics at the University of Leeds.<ref name="Grove Art Online">Stonard, John Paul (10 December 2000). "Goldsworthy, Andy". Grove Art Online Template:Webarchive. Retrieved on 15 May 2007.</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He grew up on the Harrogate side of Leeds. From the age of 13, he worked on farms as a labourer. He has likened the repetitive quality of farm tasks to the routine of making sculpture: "A lot of my work is like picking potatoes; you have to get into the rhythm of it."<ref name="Observer: Natural Talent">Template:Cite news</ref> He studied fine art at Bradford College of Art from 1974 to 1975 and at Preston Polytechnic (now the University of Central Lancashire) from 1975 to 1978,<ref name="Grove Art Online"/> receiving his BA from the latter.Template:Citation needed

CareerEdit

HistoryEdit

File:Sculpture in National Museum of Scotland by Andy Goldsworthy.jpg

Sculpture by Goldsworthy in the National Museum of Scotland

After leaving college, Goldsworthy lived in Yorkshire, Lancashire, and Cumbria.<ref name="Cass" /> He moved to Scotland in 1985, first living in Langholm and then settling a year later in Penpont, where he still resides. It has been said that his gradual drift northwards was "due to a way of life over which he did not have complete control", but that contributing factors were opportunities and desires to work in these areas and "reasons of economy".<ref name="Cass">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In 1993, Goldsworthy received an honorary degree from the University of Bradford. He was an A.D. White Professor-At-Large in Sculpture at Cornell University 2000–2006 and 2006–2008.<ref name="cornell">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In 2003,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Goldsworthy produced a commissioned work for the entry courtyard of San Francisco's de Young Museum called "Drawn Stone", which echoes San Francisco's frequent earthquakes and their effects. His installation included a giant crack in the pavement that broke off into smaller cracks, and broken limestone, which could be used for benches. The smaller cracks were made with a hammer, adding unpredictability to the work as he created it.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Art processEdit

The materials used in Goldsworthy's art often include brightly coloured flowers, icicles, leaves, mud, pinecones, snow, stone, twigs, and thorns. He has been quoted as saying, "I think it's incredibly brave to be working with flowers and leaves and petals. But I have to: I can't edit the materials I work with. My remit is to work with nature as a whole."<ref name="Telegraph: Goldsworthy">Template:Cite news</ref>

Rather than interfering in natural processes, his work magnifies existing ones through deliberately minimal intervention in the landscape. Goldsworthy has said "I am reluctant to carve into or break off solid living rock...I feel a difference between large, deep rooted stones and the debris lying at the foot of a cliff, pebbles on a beach...These are loose and unsettled, as if on a journey, and I can work with them in ways I couldn't with a long resting stone."<ref name=":0">Template:Cite journal</ref> Goldsworthy's commitment to working with available natural materials injects an inherent scarcity and contingency into the work.<ref name=":1">Template:Cite journal</ref>

In contrast to other artists who work with the land, most of Goldsworthy's works are small in scale and temporary in their installation.<ref name=":0" /> For these ephemeral works, Goldsworthy often uses only his bare hands, teeth, and found tools to prepare and arrange the materials. His process reveals a preoccupation with temporality and a specific attention to materials which visibly age and decay, a view which stands in contrast to monumentalism in Land Art.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

For his permanent sculptures like "Roof", "Stone River" and "Three Cairns", "Moonlit Path" (Petworth, West Sussex, 2002) and "Chalk Stones" in the South Downs, near West Dean, West Sussex he has employed the use of machine tools. To create "Roof", Goldsworthy worked with his assistant and five British dry-stone wallers, who were used to make sure the structure could withstand time and nature.

Goldsworthy is generally considered the founder of modern rock balancing.

PhotographyEdit

Photography plays a crucial role in his art due to its often ephemeral and transient state. Photographs (made primarily by Goldsworthy himself) of site-specific, environmental works allow them to be shared without severing important ties to place.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> According to Goldsworthy, "Each work grows, stays, decays – integral parts of a cycle which the photograph shows at its heights, marking the moment when the work is most alive. There is an intensity about a work at its peak that I hope is expressed in the image. Process and decay are implicit."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Photography aids Goldsworthy in understanding his works, as much as in communicating them to an audience. He has said, "Photography is my way of talking, writing and thinking about my art. It makes me aware of connections and developments that might have not otherwise have been apparent. It is the visual evidence which runs through my art as a whole and gives me a broader, more distant view of what I am doing."<ref name=":1" />

Documentary films on GoldsworthyEdit

Goldsworthy is the subject of a 2001 documentary feature film called Rivers and Tides, directed by German director Thomas Riedelsheimer.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2018, Riedelsheimer released a second documentary on Goldsworthy titled Leaning Into the Wind.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Personal lifeEdit

In 1982, Goldsworthy married Judith Gregson; they had four children together before separating. He now lives in the Scottish village of Penpont with his girlfriend, Tina Fiske, an art historian.<ref name="Observer: Natural Talent"/>

AwardsEdit

1979 – North West Arts Award
1980 – Yorkshire Arts Award
1981 – Northern Arts Award
1982 – Northern Arts Award
1986 – Northern Arts Bursary
1987 – Scottish Arts Council Award
1989 – Northern Electricity Arts AwardTemplate:Citation needed
2000 – Appointed officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE)<ref name="Observer: Natural Talent"/>

Exhibitions and installationsEdit

Image	Dates	Title	Location
	1995–2008	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Ithaca, New York, USA
File:Andy Goldsworthy-Fold1.jpg	1996–2003	Sheepfolds	Cumbria, England, UK
File:Stone House (Andy Goldsworthy 1997).JPG	1997	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Herring Island, Victoria, Australia
File:Cairn (Andy Goldworthy 1997).JPG	1997	Cairn<ref name="Herring Island artworks"/>	Herring Island, Victoria, Australia
	1998	Hutton Roof	National Museum of Scotland Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
	22 May – 15 November 2000	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> (featuring the installation Storm King Wall)	Storm King Art Center Mountainville, Cornwall, New York, USA
	August 2001	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Cantor Arts Center, Stanford University Stanford, California, USA
	2002	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Cass Sculpture Foundation Goodwood, West Sussex, England, UK
File:Boulder on the Chalk Stones Trail.jpg	2002	Chalk Stones Trail	South Downs near West Dean, West Sussex
	2002	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Des Moines Art Center Des Moines, IA USA
	4 May – 31 October 2004	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> (featuring the installation Stone Houses)	Iris and B. Gerald Cantor Metropolitan Museum of Art Roof Garden New York City, USA
	2005	Andy Goldsworthy: Early Works A national touring exhibition from the Haywood Gallery<ref>Template:Cite news Template:Cite news</ref>	England, United Kingdom
	2005	Drawn StoneTemplate:Citation needed	M. H. de Young Memorial Museum San Francisco
	2005	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Gibbs Farm New Zealand
	22 January – 15 May 2005	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> (including the installation Roof)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	National Gallery of Art National Mall, Washington, D.C., USA
	2006	Red sandstone wall at the Doerr-Hosier Center<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>	Aspen Institute Aspen, Colorado, USA
File:YSP goldsworthy 07-3.JPG	31 March 2007 – 6 January 2008	Hanging Trees<ref>Template:Cite news {{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Yorkshire Sculpture Park West Bretton, Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England, UK
	2007 – 2008	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Glenstone Potomac, Maryland, USA
	October 2008	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Park Presidio San Francisco
	June 2009	Refuge d'Art Hiking Trail, Provence, France<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>	Provence France
File:Andy Goldsworthy's Wood Line.jpg	2010-11	Wood Line<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Park Presidio San Francisco
File:Domodeargila.png	7 September 2012 – 2 November 2012	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Cais do Porto Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
	2013	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Park Presidio San Francisco
	2014	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Park Presidio San Francisco
	2019	Walking Wall<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1\|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art Missouri

PublicationsEdit

ReferencesEdit

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Further informationEdit

Articles:

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SPARK Educator Guide Template:Webarchive. Andy Goldsworthy at the de Young Museum in San Francisco. (Visual Arts: earthworks). (2005).

Books:

Film/Documentary

Rivers and Tides (2001) documentary by Thomas Riedelsheimer
Leaning into the Wind (2017) documentary by Thomas Riedelsheimer (Template:Official website)

External linksEdit

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General:

Andy Goldsworthy at the Cass Sculpture Foundation
Andy Goldsworthy's 1980s work with Common Ground, a UK charity and lobby group promoting local distinctiveness
Andy Goldsworthy working on Drawn Stone on KQED's TV programme Spark (June 2005)
Andy Goldsworthy on Artcyclopedia
Biography of Andy Goldsworthy at the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.

Art:

Online preview of the Andy Goldsworthy Digital Catalogue DVD Volume 1: 1976–1986. A collaborative effort involving Goldsworthy, The Crichton Foundation, and the University of Glasgow's Crichton Campus and Humanities Advanced Technology and Information Institute (HATII). The DVD documents, visually and textually, the first ten years of Goldsworthy's ephemeral outdoor practice. It replicates Goldsworthy's "Slide Cabinet Index", and includes previously unpublished material from "Goldsworthy's Sketchbook Diaries".
"Wet feathers/Wrapped around a stone/Before the incoming tide, Carrick" (1999). Photograph from the collection of the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art.
"Three Cairns" (2002), Des Moines Art Center, Des Moines, Iowa, US.
Photographs by Andy Goldsworthy in the UK Government Art Collection.
Andy Goldsworthy's Portfolio at the Cass Sculpture Foundation
SaveLandArt.org – Media Initiatives to Protect Land Art from Urbanization, Industry and Overcuration.

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