Athelm

Athelm (or Æthelhelm; died 926) was an English churchman, who was the first Bishop of Wells, and later Archbishop of Canterbury. His translation, or moving from one bishopric to another, was a precedent for later translations of ecclesiastics, because prior to this time period such movements were considered illegal. While archbishop, Athelm crowned King Æthelstan, and perhaps wrote the coronation service for the event. An older relative of Dunstan, a later Archbishop of Canterbury, Athelm helped promote Dunstan's early career. After Athelm's death, he was considered a saint, with his feast day being on 8 January.

Background

Athelm was a monk of Glastonbury Abbey<ref name=DNB>Mason "Athelm" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</ref> before his elevation in 909 to the see of Wells, of which he was the first occupant.<ref name=Handbook222>Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 222</ref> The see was founded to divide up the diocese of Sherborne, which was very large, by creating a bishopric for the county of Somerset. Wells was likely chosen as the seat because it was the center of the county.<ref name=Robinson5>Robinson Saxon Bishops of Wells p. 5</ref> Some scholarly works suggest that Athelm may be the same person as Æthelhelm, son of King Æthelred of Wessex,<ref name=Dolley75>Dolley "Important Group" British Museum Quarterly p. 75</ref> but this is not accepted by most historians.<ref name=AethelredDNB>Miller "Æthelred I" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</ref> A few sources state that Athelm was Abbot of Glastonbury before he became bishop,<ref name=DictSaint>Delaney Dictionary of Saints p. 65</ref> but other sources disagree and do not give him that office.<ref name=DNB/> This traces to later medieval chroniclers, not to contemporary accounts. His brother was Heorstan, who held land near Glastonbury.<ref name=Robinson6>Robinson Saxon Bishops of Wells p. 6</ref>

Archbishopric

Between August 923 and September 925 he became archbishop.<ref name=Handbook214>Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 214</ref>Template:Efn His translation from the see of Wells set a precedent for the future, and marks a break with historical practice. Previously the moving of a bishop from one see to another had been held to be against canon, or ecclesiastical, law. Recently, however, the popes had themselves been translated, and this practice was to become common in England after Athelm's time.<ref name=Brooks214>Brooks Early History of the Church of Canterbury pp. 214–216</ref> He was West Saxon, unlike his predecessor, Plegmund, who was Mercian, reflecting the shift in power to Wessex.<ref name=Nelson124>Nelson "First Use" Myth, Rulership, Church and Charters pp. 124–126</ref> Athelm was a paternal uncle of Dunstan,<ref name=DNB/> who later became Archbishop of Canterbury. It was Athelm who brought Dunstan to the king's court.<ref name=ASE446>Stenton Anglo-Saxon England p. 446</ref>

Athelm presided at the coronation of King Athelstan of England on 4 September 925, and probably composed or organised the new Ordo (order of service) in which for the first time the king wore a crown instead of a helmet. He also attested the king's first grant to St Augustine's Abbey in Canterbury.<ref name=Nelson124/> It is unclear if the reason that no coins were minted with his name was his short term of office or a change in policy towards the Archbishop of Canterbury minting coins in his own name. Nothing else is known of Athelm's brief time as archbishop.<ref name=Brooks214/>

Death and burial

Athelm died on 8 January 926.<ref name=DNB/><ref name=Handbook214/> He was later considered a saint, with a feast day of 8 January.<ref name=CathOnline>Catholic Online "St Athelm" Catholic Online</ref> He was buried at first the church of St John the Baptist near the Saxon-era Canterbury Cathedral. When a new cathedral was constructed under Archbishop Lanfranc after the Norman Conquest of England, the earlier archbishops of Canterbury were moved to the north transept of the new cathedral. Later, Athelm and his successor as archbishop Wulfhelm were moved to a chapel dedicated to St Benedict, which later was incorporated into the Lady Chapel constructed by Prior Thomas Goldstone (d. 1468).<ref name=Robinson58>Robinson Saxon Bishops of Wells pp. 58–59</ref>

References

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External links

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