Bill Rieflin

William Frederick Rieflin (September 30, 1960<ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> – March 24, 2020) was an American musician. Rieflin came to prominence in the 1990s mainly for his work as a drummer with groups (particularly in the industrial rock and industrial metal scenes) such as Ministry, the Revolting Cocks, Lard, KMFDM, Pigface, Swans, Chris Connelly, and Nine Inch Nails. He worked regularly with R.E.M. following the retirement of Bill Berry in 1997. He was a member of King Crimson from 2013 until his death in 2020.

Career

Early years

Rieflin was born on September 30, 1960,<ref name=":0" /> and began his professional career in his hometown of Seattle. In 1975, he was in The Telepaths, a band which played backup for a couple of live gigs by the pre-The Screamers band The Tupperwares.<ref name="screamers">Template:Citation </ref> He played drums for The Blackouts starting in 1979. His bandmates included Mike Davidson, Paul Barker, Roland Barker and Erich Werner. Eventually that band dissolved and Paul Barker joined the nascent Ministry.<ref name="var20">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Ministry, Pigface, solo work

Rieflin's earliest collaboration with Al Jourgensen was in 1986 on "You Often Forget", the second single by the Revolting Cocks.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Later, he participated in the creation of Ministry's 1988 album The Land of Rape and Honey, and was noted for his performance in the live video In Case You Didn't Feel Like Showing Up (alongside fellow drummer Martin Atkins).<ref name="KER">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Rieflin's work with Ministry and its side projects lasted through to the mid-nineties, though he noted that he was never credited as a member of Ministry proper, always as an "other" musician. Therefore, when he parted ways with the band during the Filth Pig sessions, he did not really quit since he was never an official member.<ref name="Ink19_Rieflin">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Rieflin helped Atkins kick off Pigface, the industrial collective that would grow to incorporate hundreds of artists, formed a friendship with labelmate Chris Connelly and founded First World Music.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Like Connelly, Rieflin's work grew beyond his industrial roots. They collaborated on several recordings; two in particular, The Ultimate Seaside Companion (as "The Bells") and Largo, showcase Rieflin's keyboard skills.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Rieflin's solo debut, Birth of a Giant, featured him singing in something other than a background role, and also featured Robert Fripp.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Improvisations from these sessions turned up later on the CD The Repercussions of Angelic Behavior, which was credited to Rieflin, Fripp and Trey Gunn.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

KMFDM, R.E.M.

Rieflin appeared on all KMFDM records released from 1995 to 2003 as a drummer, programmer, vocalist and keyboardist.Template:Cn He toured with the band as a bassist in 2002 in support of the band's comeback album Attak and performed on the 2011 KMFDM album, WTF?!.<ref name="metropolis">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He also drummed for Scott McCaughey's band, The Minus 5, which usually included R.E.M. guitarist Peter Buck.<ref name="var20" />

File:R.E.M. in London, 2008-03-24 at Royal Albert Hall 12.jpg

Rieflin drumming behind R.E.M. on the band's final tour in 2008

Eventually Rieflin's work with The Minus 5 led to Buck offering him the opportunity to sit in with R.E.M., who had been missing a permanent drummer since the 1997 departure of Bill Berry.<ref name="RSTONE">Template:Cite magazine</ref> The band gave him the live drummer slot in its 2003 tour.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> They later announced that Rieflin would fill the role indefinitely, though once again as a hired musician rather than as an official member. In recordings, Rieflin also contributed bouzouki, keyboards and guitars to the group, serving as an auxiliary member until R.E.M. disbanded in 2011.<ref name="RSTONE" />

Robin Hitchcock, Slow Music, The Humans, Swans, Robbie Williams

Rieflin, along with Scott McCaughey and Peter Buck, was a member of Robyn Hitchcock's backing band "The Venus 3", and appeared on three Hitchcock albums, from 2006 to 2010.

Rieflin was key to forming an experimental ensemble named Slow Music in 2005 with Fred Chalenor (bassist whom he had previously played drums with in the Seattle based instrumental LAND in the late 90's), Hector Zazou, Matt Chamberlain, Peter Buck, and Robert Fripp; in this sextet Rieflin played synthesizers rather than drums. The group played a small handful of live dates in 2005 and 2006 and became inactive until 2014, when they played a few shows as a quintet due to Zazou's passing in 2008.<ref name="RSTONE" /> He was also involved in a music collaboration project entitled The Humans, which consisted of him, Chris Wong, Fripp and Toyah Willcox. The band performed a series of live dates in Estonia in Autumn 2007 and 2009, and released their debut album We are the Humans in 2009.<ref name="var20" /> Hector Zazou's 2010 album Corps Electriques featured Rieflin, as well as KatieJane Garside, Lone Kent and nu-jazz trumpeter Nils Petter Molvær.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Rieflin was a regular contributor to Swans, playing an array of instruments from the 1995 album The Great Annihilator<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> through 2016's The Glowing Man. (He is listed as an "honorary Swan" on the band's 2012 album The Seer.)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In 2012, Rieflin performed on drums for Robbie Williams's album Take the Crown.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Later that year he produced the single Crush Vaccine for Atomic Bride.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

King Crimson

In an online diary entry dated September 6, 2013, Robert Fripp announced a new lineup for King Crimson that included Rieflin as one of the band's three drummers.<ref name="KCreturn">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Although this particular version of King Crimson would never record a studio album, Rieflin would play live with the band for the rest of his career.

Following two-and-a-half years of touring (during which new percussion pieces incorporating Rieflin's drumming work made their way into King Crimson's live repertoire) and a few days after the first full-length live release of the band with Rieflin on board (Live in Toronto 2015), Fripp announced Rieflin's decision to take a sabbatical from the band, effective March 6, 2016. This was "a decision supported by all the Crimson Brothers."<ref name="Retirement">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He was replaced on drums by Jeremy Stacey for the following year of group activity. In early 2017, Fripp announced that Rieflin would return to the band, but that (due to Fripp's desire to stave off complacency after several years of touring) Stacey would continue to drum for the group while Rieflin himself "[would] be focusing on mellotron, keys and fairy dusting, rather than using drums as a main instrument" in the new Double Quartet configuration.<ref name="Return">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Rieflin thus became the band's first ever full-time dedicated keyboardist.

At the time of King Crimson's US Autumn 2017 tour dates in October–November, Rieflin once again needed to take time away from the group. The Seattle-based guitarist Chris Gibson temporarily covered for him on keyboards during the autumn tour.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Rieflin rejoined the band in 2018 before taking another indefinite sabbatical in 2019. He was tentatively and temporarily replaced on keyboards by Soft Machine's sax player Theo Travis for initial rehearsals before Fripp and the band made the decision to not replace Rieflin, thus reverting King Crimson to a seven-member band. Fripp would summarise the situation as "regardless of the quality of player depping for Bill, simply, Bill is irreplaceable. It's not the notes that are played, it's the Billness of Bill that Master Rieflin brings to the group."<ref name="RSTONE" /><ref name="Travis">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Although he would not appear onstage with King Crimson again, Rieflin would remain a nominal and fully-respected member of the band until his death a year later. Via retrospective footage, he played a significant part in Toby Amies' 2022 documentary In the Court of the Crimson King: King Crimson at 50, candidly discussing his terminal stage 4 colon cancer, his imminent death, and his choice to spend his final years playing music with King Crimson.<ref>"The Impossible Mr. Fripp: Heartbreaking, Hilarious Doc Analyzes Prog Gods King Crimson's Dysfunctional 50-Year Existence" - article by Dave Segal in The Stranger, 8 November 2023</ref>

Personal life and death

Rieflin was married to painter Francesca Sundsten until her death in 2019.<ref name="rsit">Template:Cite magazine</ref> Rieflin was diagnosed with colon cancer in 2011, and died from complications of the disease on March 24, 2020.<ref name="var20" /><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Discography

Thistle-colored cells with daggers (Template:Dagger) indicate a live release

Name of release year, artist, release title and Rieflin's contribution

Year	Artist	Title	Contribution	Template:Abbr
1988	Ministry	Template:Sort	Drums, programming, keyboards, guitar, background vocals	<ref name="ministry1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1988	Revolting Cocks	Live! You Goddamned Son of a Bitch Template:Dagger	Drums	<ref name="revco1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1989	Ministry	Template:Sort	Drums, programming, background vocals	<ref name="ministry2">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1990	Revolting Cocks	Beers, Steers, and Queers	Drums, programming	<ref name="revco2">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1990	Ministry	In Case You Didn't Feel Like Showing Up Template:Dagger	Drums	<ref name="ministry3">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1990	Lard	Template:Sort	Drums (two tracks)	<ref name="lard1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1990	1000 Homo DJs	Template:Sort	Drums	<ref name="djs1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1990	KMFDM	Naïve	Drums (one track)	<ref name="kmfdm1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1991	Pigface	Gub	Drums, guitar, bass, synthesizer, sounds	<ref name="pigface1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1991	Pigface	Lean Juicy Pork	Interviewee	<ref name="pigface2">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1992	Ministry	Psalm 69: The Way to Succeed and the Way to Suck Eggs	Drums	<ref name="ministry4">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1992	Revolting Cocks	Big Sexy Land	Drums	<ref name="revco3">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1992	Pigface	Welcome to Mexico... Asshole Template:Dagger	Drums	<ref name="pigface3">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1993	Revolting Cocks	Linger Ficken' Good	Drums, organ, programming, production	<ref name="revco4">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1995	Swans	Template:Sort	Drums, sounds, percussion, 12-string acoustic guitar, sequencing	<ref name="swans1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1995	KMFDM	Nihil	Drums (three tracks)	<ref name="kmfdm2">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1995	Michael Gira	Drainland	Rhythm programming, keyboards, electric bass guitar, samples, engineering, production, arrangement, studio provision	<ref name="gira1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1996	Ministry	Filth Pig	Drums (one track)	<ref name="ministry5">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1996	KMFDM	Xtort	Drums	<ref name="kmfdm3">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1996	Swans	Soundtracks for the Blind	Drums	<ref name="swans2">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1997	Lard	Pure Chewing Satisfaction	Drums	<ref name="lard2">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1997	KMFDM	Symbols	Drums, programming, percussion, photography, sequencing (three tracks)	<ref name="kmfdm4">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1997	Sweet 75	Sweet 75	Drums (listed as percussion), piano	<ref name="sweet75">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1999	Angels of Light	New Mother	Percussion, piano, bass guitar, organ, synthesizers, acoustic guitar, backing vocals	<ref name="angels1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1999	KMFDM	Adios	Programming (one track)	<ref name="kmfdm5">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1999	Nine Inch Nails	Template:Sort	Drums (one track)	<ref name="nin1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1999	Bill Rieflin	Template:Sort	Drums, mixing	<ref name="rief1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
1999	Bill Rieflin	Birth of a Giant	Drums, bass, guitar, production, vocals	<ref name="rief2">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2000	Lard	70's Rock Must Die	Drums (one track)	<ref name="lard3">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2001	Bill Rieflin & Chris Connelly	Largo	Keyboards, mixing, piano, production, vocals	<ref name="rief3">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2001	Land	Road Movies	Drums	<ref name="land1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2002	KMFDM	Attak	Drums, bass, programming, synthesizers, percussion, guitar	<ref name="kmfdm6">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2003	KMFDM	Sturm & Drang Tour 2002 Template:Dagger	Bass	<ref name="kmfdm7">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2003	KMFDM	WWIII	Drums, vocals, loops (three tracks)	<ref name="kmfdm8">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2004	R.E.M.	Around the Sun	Drums, percussion	<ref name="rem1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2005	Slow Music	Live At The Croc 19 Oct 2005	synthesizer	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2006	Robyn Hitchcock & the Venus 3	Olé! Tarantula	Choir, drums, percussion	<ref name="ole1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2007	Angels of Light	We Are Him	Drums, bass, guitar, organ, percussion, piano, synthesizers	<ref name="angels2">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2007	R.E.M.	R.E.M. Live Template:Dagger	Drums	<ref name="rem2">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2008	R.E.M.	Accelerate	Drums	<ref name="rem3">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2009	Robyn Hitchcock & the Venus 3	Goodnight Oslo	Drums, vocal harmony, vocals	<ref name="gdnto1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2009	The Humans	We Are the Humans	Drums, bass, synthesizers, organ, production	<ref name="humans1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2009	R.E.M.	Live at the Olympia Template:Dagger	Drums	<ref name="rem4">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2010	Robyn Hitchcock & the Venus 3	Propellor Time	Drums	<ref name="propt1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2010	Swans	My Father Will Guide Me up a Rope to the Sky	Drums, piano, guitar, synthesizers, organ, vocals	<ref name="swans3">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2011	R.E.M.	Collapse into Now	Drums, bouzouki, keyboards, guitar	<ref name="rem5">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2011	KMFDM	WTF?!	Engineering, sounds (one track)	<ref name="kmfdm9">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2011	The Humans	Sugar Rush	Percussion, keyboards, bass, production	<ref name="humans2">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2012	Swans	Template:Sort	Drums, piano, organ, guitar, percussion, synthesizers, bass, vocals	<ref name="swans4">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2013	Taylor Swift	"The Last Time"	Drums	<ref name="taylor">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2014	The Humans	Strange Tales	Drums, keyboards, guitar, bass, sounds, vocals, production	<ref name="humans3">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2014	Swans	To Be Kind	Drums, percussion, synthesizers, piano, guitar, bass, keyboards	<ref name="swans5">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2015	King Crimson	Live at the Orpheum Template:Dagger	Drums, percussion, synthesizers, vocals	<ref name="king1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2016	King Crimson	Live in Toronto Template:Dagger	Drums, percussion, keyboards	<ref name="king2">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2016	Swans	Template:Sort	Drums, piano, synthesizers, bass, guitar, vocals	<ref name="swans6">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2016	King Crimson	Radical Action to Unseat the Hold of Monkey Mind Template:Dagger	Drums, keyboards	<ref name="king3">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2017	King Crimson	Live in Chicago Template:Dagger	Keyboards	<ref name="king4">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2018	Lead into Gold	Template:Sort	Drums	<ref name="lead1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>
2018	King Crimson	Meltdown: Live in Mexico City Template:Dagger	Keyboards, production	<ref name="mex1">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>

External links

• Bill Rieflin credits at AllMusic
• {{#if:William Rieflin|Template:PAGENAMEBASE discography at Discogs|{{#if:Template:Wikidata|Template:Wikidata Template:PAGENAMEBASE discography at DiscogsTemplate:EditAtWikidata|Template:PAGENAMEBASE discography at Discogs}}}}
• First World Music
• Bill Rieflin interview (March 2000) for QRD