Bombay State

Template:Short description Template:Use Indian English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox Indian state or territory

File:Bombay Prov north 1909.jpg

Bombay Presidency in 1909, northern portion

File:Bombay Prov south 1909.jpg

Bombay Presidency in 1909, southern portion

Bombay State was a large Indian state created in 1950 from the erstwhile Bombay Presidency, with other regions being added to it in the succeeding years. Bombay State (British India, roughly equating to the present-day Indian state of Maharashtra, excluding Marathwada and Vidarbha) was merged with the princely states of Baroda, Western India and Gujarat (the present-day Indian state of Gujarat) and the Deccan States (which included parts of the present-day Indian states of Maharashtra and Karnataka).

On 1 November 1956, Bombay State was re-organized under the States Reorganisation Act on linguistic lines, absorbing various territories including the Saurashtra and Kutch States, which ceased to exist. On 1 May 1960, Bombay State was dissolved and split on linguistic lines into the two states of Gujarat, with Gujarati speaking population and Maharashtra, with Marathi speaking population.<ref>Ramachandra Guha, India after Gandhi: The History of the World's Largest Democracy. HarperCollins, 2007</ref>

HistoryEdit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} During the British Raj, portions of the western coast of India under direct British rule were part of the Bombay Presidency. After Indian independence in 1947 and when India was partitioned, Bombay Presidency remained part of India, while Sind province became part of Pakistan. The territory retained by India was restructured into Bombay State when India became a republic in 1950. It included princely states such as Kolhapur in Deccan, and Baroda and the Dangs in Gujarat, which had former parts of Deccan States Agency and Baroda, Western India and Gujarat States Agency.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>

Expansion of the stateEdit

As a result of the States Reorganisation Act on 1 November 1956, the Kannada-speaking districts of Belgaum (except Chandgad taluka), Bijapur, Dharwar, and North Canara were transferred from Bombay State to Mysore State.<ref name="sorg1956">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> but the State of Bombay was significantly enlarged, expanding eastward to incorporate the Marathi-speaking Marathwada region of Hyderabad State, the Marathi-speaking Vidarbha region of southern Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarati-speaking Saurashtra and Kutch states. The Bombay state was being referred to by the local inhabitants as "Maha Dwibhashi Rajya", meaning, "the great bilingual state".<ref name=fed>Template:Cite book</ref>

In 1956, the States Reorganisation Committee, against the will of Jawaharlal Nehru, recommended a bilingual state for Maharashtra-Gujarat with Bombay as its capital, whereas in Lok Sabha discussions in 1955, the Congress party demanded that the city be constituted as an autonomous city-state.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In the 1957 elections, the Samyukta Maharashtra movement opposed these proposals, and insisted that Bombay be declared the capital of Maharashtra.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Dissolution of Bombay stateEdit

Bombay State was finally dissolved with the formation of Maharashtra and Gujarat states on 1 May 1960.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Following protests of Samyukta Maharashtra Movement, in which 107 people were killed by police, Bombay State was reorganised on linguistic lines.<ref>Template:Cite news Retrieved on 12 November 2008.</ref> Gujarati-speaking areas of Bombay State were partitioned into the state of Gujarat following Mahagujarat Movement.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Maharashtra State with Bombay as its capital was formed with the merger of Marathi-speaking areas of Bombay State, eight districts from Central Provinces and Berar, five districts from Hyderabad State, and numerous princely states enclosed between them.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Chief ministersEdit

Bombay State had three chief ministers after the independence of India:

Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher was the first chief minister of Bombay (1946–1952)
Morarji Desai (1952–1956)
Yashwantrao Chavan (1956–1960)

GovernorsEdit

Template:See also Upon the split of Bombay State in 1960, the designation of the "Governor of Bombay" was renamed to the Governor of Maharashtra.<ref name="raj"/>

#	Name	Assumed office	Left office	Years in Office
1	Raja Sir Maharaj Singh	6 January 1948	30 May 1952	4
2	Sir Girija Shankar Bajpai	30 May 1952	5 December 1954	2
3	Harekrushna Mahatab	2 March 1955	14 October 1956	1
4	Sri Prakasa	10 December 1956	16 April 1962	6

Sources: Governor of Maharashtra<ref name="raj">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Greater Bombay District Gazetteer<ref>Template:Citation</ref>

Graphical

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DateFormat = yyyy Period = from:1948 till:1960 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:6 start:1948

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 from:1948 till:1952 color:PA text:"Raja Sir Maharaj Singh (1948–1952)"
 from:1952 till:1954 color:PA text:"Sir Girija Shankar Bajpai (1952–1954)"
 from:1955 till:1956  color:PA text:"Hare Krishna Mahtab (1955–1956)"
 from:1956 till:1960 color:PA text:"Sri Prakasa (1956–1960)"
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ReferencesEdit

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Template:States of India on 26 January 1950

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