Brest region

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Brest region, also known as Brest oblastTemplate:Efn or Brest voblasts,Template:Efn is one of the six regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Brest. Other major cities in the region include Baranavichy, and Pinsk. As of 2024, it has a population of 1,308,569.<ref name="pop"/>

Geography

It is located in the southwestern part of Belarus, bordering the Podlasie and Lublin voivodeships of Poland on the west, the Volyn Oblast and Rivne Oblast of Ukraine on the south, the Grodno region and Minsk region on the north, and Gomel region on the east. The region covers a total area of 32,800 km²,<ref name=statistics>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> about 15.7% of the national total.

The westernmost point of Belarus is situated in Kamyenyets District near the town of Vysokaye.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

2.7% of the territory is covered by Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park, 9.8% is covered by 17 wildlife preserves of national importance.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

It is often dubbed the Western gateway to Belarus. Geographically, the Brest region belongs to the area known as Polesia. The area of the region was part of the Second Polish Republic from 1921 until 1939 largely as the Polesie Voivodeship, when it was joined to the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. Northeastern part of it was administered as part of Nowogródek Voivodeship.

Demographics

The Brest region has a population of 1,380,391,<ref name=belstat.2019 /> about 14,7% of the national total. About 47.2% of the region's population are men, and the remaining 52.8% are women. Number of inhabitants per 1 km2 is 43.<ref name="statistics"/> Share of urban population is increasing continuously since the 1950s (17.1% in 1950, 70.5% in 2017).<ref name=dem.29 />

Of the major nationalities living in the Brest region, 1,262,600 are Belarusians (85%), 128,700 (8.6%) are Russians, 57,100 (3.8%) are Ukrainians, and 27,100 (1.8%) are Poles. 53.7% of the population speak Belarusian and 42.6% speak Russian as their native language.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Brest is the province with the highest birth rate in all of Belarus. As of 2008, the birth rate was 12.0 per 1000 and death rate was 13.4 per 1000.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2017, 12.4% of live births were to unmarried women (average in Belarus — 18.1%).<ref name=dem.266>Демографический ежегодник Республики Беларусь. Статистический сборник. Минск, 2018 Template:Webarchive. С. 266.</ref>

As of 2018, share of the population under working age was 19.3% (average in Belarus — 17.9%), of working age — 55.7% (average in Belarus — 57.2%), over working age — 25% (average in Belarus — 25.1%).<ref>Демографический ежегодник Республики Беларусь. Статистический сборник. Минск, 2018 Template:Webarchive. С. 51.</ref><ref>Демографический ежегодник Республики Беларусь. Статистический сборник. Минск, 2018 Template:Webarchive. С. 78.</ref>

In 2015—2017, the region had a positive net migration rate for international migration (+3,209 in 2015, +1,771 in 2016, +1,357 in 2017) and negative — for internal migration (-6,294 in 2015, -3,659 in 2016, -1,836 in 2017). In 2017, 6,944 people which departed from the Brest region arrived in Minsk, 2,219 — in the Minsk region, 2,118 — in the Hrodna region, less than 1,000 — in every other region.<ref>Демографический ежегодник Республики Беларусь. Статистический сборник. Минск, 2018 Template:Webarchive. С. 415—416.</ref>

Year	1939	1950	1955	1960	1965	1970	1975	1980	1985
Population (thousands)<ref name=dem.29>Демографический ежегодник Республики Беларусь. Статистический сборник. Минск, 2018 Template:Webarchive. С. 29.</ref>	1,208.9	1,186.2	1,142	1,191.5	1,234.4	1,292.8	1,332.8	1,367	1,407.5
Year	1990	1995	2000	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010
Population (thousands)<ref name=dem.29 />	1,460.5	1,497.4	1,481.9	1,439.3	1,426.8	1,417.8	1,409.7	1,404.5	1,399.2
Year	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019
Population (thousands)<ref name=dem.29 /><ref name=belstat.2019>Численность населения по городам и районам Template:In lang</ref>	1,394.8	1,391.4	1,390.4	1,388.5	1,388.9	1,387.0	1,386.4	1,384.5	1,380.4
Year	2023
Population (thousands)	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Birth & death rates	1950	1960	1970	1980	1985	1990	1995	2000	2005	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017
Birth rate<ref name=dem.144>Демографический ежегодник Республики Беларусь. Статистический сборник. Минск, 2018 Template:Webarchive. С. 144.</ref><ref name=reg.109>Регионы Республики Беларусь. Статистический сборник. Том 1. Минск, 2018. С. 109.</ref>	26.3	25.5	17.4	16.8	17.1	15	11.3	10.8	10.4	12.2	12.7	13.1	13.2	13.4	13.5	13.5	11.8
Death rate<ref name=dem.144 /><ref name=reg.116>Регионы Республики Беларусь. Статистический сборник. Том 1. Минск, 2018. С. 116.</ref>	9	6.9	7.6	9.9	10.6	10.5	12.5	12.7	14.2	14.3	14.2	13.1	13	12.6	12.7	12.6	12.8

Life expectancy at birth	1990	1995	2000	2005	2010	2015	2016	2017
Overall<ref name=dem.179>Демографический ежегодник Республики Беларусь. Статистический сборник. Минск, 2018 Template:Webarchive. С. 179.</ref>	72	69.5	69.8	69.3	70.9	74.2	74.5	74.4
female<ref name=dem.179 />	76.3	74.9	75.6	75.7	77	78.9	79.4	79.3
male<ref name=dem.179 />	67.3	64.4	64.2	63.3	65.1	69.2	69.4	69.4

Marriages and divorces	1950	1960	1970	1980	1990	1995	2000	2005	2010	2015	2016	2017
Marriages (total)<ref name=dem.187>Демографический ежегодник Республики Беларусь. Статистический сборник. Минск, 2018 Template:Webarchive. С. 187.</ref>	11,743	11,613	11,639	13,366	14,029	11,386	9,453	10,660	11,060	11,155	9,016	9,123
Marriages (per 1000 population)<ref name=dem.187 />	10	9.7	9	9.7	9.6	7.6	6.4	7.4	7.9	8	6.5	6.6
Divorces (total)<ref name=dem.187 />	202	820	1,886	3,193	3,502	4,758	5,343	3,826	4,762	4,252	4,186	4,108
Divorces (per 1000 population)<ref name=dem.187 />	0.2	0.7	1.5	2.3	2.4	3.2	3.6	2.7	3.4	3.1	3	3

• Belarusians in Bresckaja voblasć, Belarus (2009 census).png

  Belarusians in the regionTemplate:LegendTemplate:LegendTemplate:LegendTemplate:Legend

• Russians in Bresckaja voblasć, Belarus (2009 census).png

  Russians in the regionTemplate:LegendTemplate:LegendTemplate:LegendTemplate:LegendTemplate:Legend

• Ukrainians in Bresckaja voblasć, Belarus (2009 census).png

  Ukrainians in the regionTemplate:LegendTemplate:LegendTemplate:LegendTemplate:LegendTemplate:Legend

• Poles in Bresckaja voblasć, Belarus (2009 census).png

  Poles in the regionTemplate:LegendTemplate:LegendTemplate:LegendTemplate:LegendTemplate:Legend

• Birth rate in Bresckaja voblasć, Belarus (2017, by districts).png

  Birth rates by districts and major cities (2017)

• Mortality rate in Bresckaja voblasć, Belarus (2017, by districts).png

  Mortality rates by districts and major cities (2017)

Administrative territorial entities

The region was formed in 1939 after reunification of Western Belarus and the Byelorussian SSR. Today it comprises 16 districts (raions), 225 rural councils (selsoviets), 20 cities, 5 city municipalities, 9 urban-type settlements, and 2178 villages.

Districts of Brest region

The sixteen raions (districts) of the Brest region are: Template:Div col

• Baranavichy District
• Brest District
• Byaroza District
• Drahichyn District
• Hantsavichy District
• Ivanava District
• Ivatsevichy District
• Kamyenyets District
• Kobryn District
• Luninyets District
• Lyakhavichy District
• Malaryta District
• Pinsk District
• Pruzhany District
• Stolin District
• Zhabinka District

Cities and towns

Latin	Belarusian	Russian	Pop. (2023)<ref name="pop"/>
Brest	Брэст	Брест	342,461
Baranavichy	Баранавiчы	Барановичи	172,150
Pinsk	Пінск	Пинск	124,613
Kobryn	Кобрын	Кобрин	52,670
Byaroza	Бяроза	Берёза	28,397
Luninyets	Лунінец	Лунинец	23,548
Ivatsevichy	Івацэвічы	Ивацевичи	22,487
Pruzhany	Пружаны	Пружаны	19,064
Ivanava	Іванава	Иваново	16,272
Drahichyn	Драгічын	Дрогичин	14,856
Zhabinka	Жабінка	Жабинка	14,231
Stolin	Столін	Столин	13,550
Hantsavichy	Ганцавічы	Ганцевичи	13,486
Malaryta	Маларыта	Малорита	12,850
Mikashevichy	Мікашэвічы	Микашевичи	12,395
Byelaazyorsk	Белаазёрск	Белоозёрск	10,997
Lyakhavichy	Ляхавічы	Ляховичи	10,613
Kamyanyets	Камянец	Каменец	8,316
Davyd-Haradok	Давыд-Гарадок	Давид-Городок	5,774
Vysokaye	Высокае	Высокое	4,843
Kosava	Косава	Коссово	1,872

Tourism

There are about 70 travel agencies in Brest region, most of them provide both agent and operator activities.<ref name=agencies-regions>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=agencies-activiry>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Main tourist attractions in the region are Belovezhskaya Puscha and Brest Fortress.

• BrestFortress7.JPG

  Brest Fortress.

• Kosaŭskі palac, 2016 2.jpg

  Palace in Kosava.

• Monument to Kosciuszko, Belarus.jpg

  Tadeusz Kościuszko birthplace in Mieračoŭščyna.

• Tower of Kamyanets.jpg

  The Kamianiec Tower.

• Цэнтр Пінска 12.jpg

  The Jesuit Collegium in Pinsk.

Economy

As of 2017, the industrial output of the region amounted to Template:Currency (~US$5,300 million), or 11.2% of the Belarusian industrial output.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Food industry is the leading economy sphere in the region (47.6% of the region's industrial output). The biggest industrial plants in the region are "Savushkin produkt" (dairy products), "Santa Bremor" (fish products), Brestgazoapparat (gas equipment, including "Gefest" cookers; all three are situated in Brest), "Pinskdrev" in Pinsk (furniture, matches and other wood products), "Polesie" in Kobryn (toys and plastic products). Other major factories are machine tool plant "Atlant", cotton factory, military jet fighters repair plant (all three are situated in Baranavichy (Baranovichi)), sugar plant in Zhabinka, "Polesie" textile and garment factory in Pinsk, "Ivacevichidrev" wood products plant in Ivacevichi, "Granite" quarry in Mikashevichi, "Belsolod" malt factory in Ivanava (the only such plant in Belarus).<ref name=prom>Промышленность Template:Webarchive Template:In lang</ref>

Food factories in the region produced 153.9 thousand tons of meat and offal in 2017, 90 thousand tons of sausage products, 29.7 thousand tons of meat semi-finished products, 71.8 tons of fish and semi-finished products (including canned fish), 551.9 thousand tons of whole milk products, 47.2 thousand tons of cottage cheese, 66.1 thousand tons of cheese, 21.3 thousand tons of butter, 108.2 thousand tons of flour, 2.5 million decalitres of beer and 4.3 million decalitres of distilled alcoholic beverages.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Textile and garment factories produced 56,361 thousand m² of fabrics in 2017, 994 thousand m² of carpets, 5.9 million pieces of all types of knitwear, 1.9 million pieces of outerwear (except knitwear), 28.4 million pairs of socks and similar hosiery, 623 thousand shoes.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Electrical plants in the region produced 242.2 thousand electric engines (alternating current), 4800 transformers, 899 thousand lamps.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Brest lamp factory is producing incandescent light bulbs, 2 factories are engaged in production of diodes and printed circuit boards.<ref name=prom />

Byarozaŭskaja (Berezovskaya) thermal power plant in Byaroza District is one of the biggest power plants in Belarus (1095 MW, 4.8 GW·h annually). As of 2018, it had 4 power generating units with combined cycle gas turbines.<ref>Березовская ГРЭС Template:In lang</ref>

As of 2017, total cultivated area in the region was 930,000 hectares, including 844,400 hectares of land used by agricultural organizations (mainly state-owned), 17,900 hectares — by the registered farmers, and 67,700 hectares — by personal farms of the population. 383,800 hectares of fields were used to grow cereals, 52,800 — rapeseeds, 21,800 — sugar beets, 5,700 — flax, 56,300 — potatoes, 12,700 — vegetables, 392,800 — feed crops.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Big agricultural organizations harvest almost all cereals, flax, sugar beets, rapeseeds and feed crops, while farmers (both registered and not) harvest more than 90% of potatoes (1,144,400 tons of 1,266,200 in the region) and vegetables (409,400 tons of 439,200 in the region).<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Average cereal yield in the region in 2017 was 3,480 kg per hectare (average in Belarus — 3,330), sugar beet yield — 43,900 kg per hectare (average in Belarus — 49,900), flax fiber yield — 1,160 kg per hectare (average in Belarus — 920).<ref>Сельское хозяйство Template:Webarchive Template:In lang</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Due to warm mild climate and personal activity, the region leads in the production of many fruits, vegetables and berries in Belarus. Several villages are widely known as a "cucumber capital", "strawberry capital", "carrot capital", etc.<ref>В Брестской области появились свои сельскохозяйственные столицы Template:In lang</ref>

As of 2018, agricultural organizations and farmers kept 861,600 cattle (including 301,100 cows), 491,100 pigs, 10,000 horses, 19,500 sheep, 7,605,000 poultry. In 2017, all types of farms in the region produced 218,700 tons of livestock and poultry meat (in slaughter weight), 1,605,000 tons of milk (second place among the regions of Belarus) and 606.8 million eggs (second place).<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

See also

• Poland’s Nowogrodek Voivodeship (1919-1939)
• Beresteishchyna

External links

• Template:In lang Brest Regional Executive Committee Template:Webarchive