Christopher Raymond Perry Rodgers

Template:Short description Template:Distinguish Template:Infobox military person Rear Admiral Christopher Raymond Perry Rodgers (4 November 1819 – 8 January 1892) was an officer in the United States Navy. He served in the Mexican–American War, the American Civil War, as superintendent of the Naval Academy, president of the United States Naval Institute, and commander-in-chief of the Pacific Squadron.

Biography

Background

Rodgers was born on 4 November 1819 in Brooklyn, New York,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> into a naval family. His father, George Washington Rodgers, was a Navy captain, who had commanded the brig Firefly during the War of 1812,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite DANFS</ref> and the brother of Commodore John Rodgers. Through his mother, Anna Maria Perry, his maternal grandfather was Captain Christopher Raymond Perry, and his uncles were the Commodores Oliver Hazard and Matthew Calbraith Perry. His family background all but ensured that both C.R.P. Rodgers and his younger brother George Washington Rodgers Jr., would join the Navy.<ref name="rodgerscollection">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Early career

Rodgers was appointed midshipman on 5 October 1833,<ref name="callahan">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> serving aboard the frigate Template:USS in the Pacific Squadron in 1834–35, then in the sloop Template:USS on the same station in 1836. He was stationed at the New York Navy Yard from 1837, receiving promotion to passed midshipman on 8 July that year.<ref name="hamersly">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In 1839–40 Rodgers served aboard the schooner Template:USS on the coast of Florida, taking part in operations during the Second Seminole War, and also briefly commanded the 2-gun schooner Phoenix.<ref name="hamersly"/>

Rodgers joined the Africa Squadron, serving aboard the sloop Template:USS in 1842–43.<ref name="hamersly"/> He then served on the frigate Template:USS, flagship of the Mediterranean Squadron,<ref name="rodgerscollection"/> in 1844–45, and received promotion to lieutenant on 4 September 1844.<ref name="hamersly"/>

After being attached to the United States Coast Survey in 1846, Rodgers was assigned to the Home Squadron in 1847 in order to serve in the Mexican–American War.<ref name="hamersly"/> Rodgers participated in the Siege of Veracruz in March 1847, and in the capture of Tabasco and Tuxpan by his uncle Commodore Matthew C. Perry.<ref name="rodgerscollection"/>

After the war Rodgers returned to the U.S. Coast Survey for three years, before serving aboard the screw sloop Template:USS on the Brazil Station in 1850–51. This was followed by duty as Flag Lieutenant aboard the Template:USS with the Africa Squadron in 1852–55.<ref name="hamersly"/> He then spent another two years with the U.S. Coast Survey (1856–1858) before serving on the screw frigate Template:USS, flagship of the Mediterranean Squadron, in 1858–1859.<ref name="rodgerscollection"/>

Civil War

Rodgers was a Commandant of Midshipmen at the United States Naval Academy in 1859,<ref name="hamersly"/> serving there until after the start of the Civil War in 1861, and overseeing its relocation to Newport, Rhode Island, for the duration of the war.<ref name="rodgerscollection"/> He was succeeded in the post by his brother George Washington Rodgers. He then served in Samuel F. Du Pont's South Atlantic Blockading Squadron, in command of the flagship Wabash, and distinguishing himself at the Battle of Port Royal,<ref name="rodgerscollection"/> receiving promotion to commander directly afterwards, on 15 November 1861.<ref name="callahan"/> On March 11, 1862, Rodgers was sent into St. Augustine to accept the surrender of the city after the defending Confederate troops had left it unguarded.<ref>East, Omega G., and H. B. Jenckes. “St. Augustine during the Civil War.” The Florida Historical Quarterly, vol. 31, no. 2, Florida Historical Society, 1952, pp. 75–91, http://www.jstor.org/stable/30145370.</ref> Rodgers also saw action at the capture of Fort Pulaski in April 1862, before serving as captain of the flagship, the broadside ironclad Template:USS at Charleston in 1863. Admiral Du Pont noted, "No language could overstate his services to his country and to myself."<ref name="rodgerscollection"/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In March 1864 he recommissioned the screw sloop Template:USS, on an independent assignment to capture Confederate ships, which took him to the Mediterranean, and around South America and across the Pacific to Singapore in pursuit of the commerce raider Template:Ship.<ref>Template:Cite DANFS</ref>

Post-war career

Rodgers was promoted to captain on 25 July 1866,<ref name="callahan"/> and in 1867–68 commanded the screw frigate Template:USS,<ref name="rodgerscollection"/> flagship of Admiral David Farragut in the European Squadron.<ref>Template:Cite DANFS</ref> Promoted to commodore on 28 August 1870,<ref name="callahan"/> he then served as Chief of the Bureau of Yards and Docks<ref name="rodgerscollection"/> from 1871 to 1874.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Achieving flag rank as a rear admiral on 14 June 1874,<ref name="callahan"/> Rodgers served as superintendent of the Naval Academy from September 1874 until July 1878,<ref name="USNA">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> before a two-year tour as commander of the Pacific Squadron,<ref name="rodgerscollection"/> returning to the Naval Academy to serve as superintendent for a second time from June to November 1881.<ref name="USNA"/> Rodgers also served as president of the United States Naval Institute from 1875 to 1877. He was put onto the retired list on 14 November 1881.<ref name="callahan"/> He again became president of the U.S. Naval Institute in 1882.

Naval Academy accomplishments

While at the Academy Rodgers fostered careful and concrete reforms to help restore the navy's professional and institutional credibility in an era when the service suffered from institutional decay, public indifference, and relied on an antiquated wooden navy sporting canvas and smoothbore guns. By upgrading and rationalizing the academy's curriculum, especially in regard to the new four-year course for engineers, introducing the first mechanical engineering course in the country, concentrating professional subjects in the first- and second-class years, and adding upper-level electives in mathematics, mechanics, physics, and chemistry, Rodgers laid the groundwork for an American naval renaissance in the 1880s.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Rodgers was a member of the New York Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States and was assigned insignia number 571.

Rear Admiral Rodgers died in Washington, D.C.<ref name="rodgerscollection"/> on 8 January 1892,<ref name="callahan"/> and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery.Template:Citation needed

Personal life

Rodgers married Julia Slidell, and had two sons follow him into Navy service, Raymond Perry Rodgers (1849–1925), and Thomas Slidell Rodgers (1858–1931), both of whom achieved the rank of rear admiral.

See also

• List of superintendents of the United States Naval Academy
• Battle of Fort Pulaski

External links

• Template:Commons cat inline