Cloxacillin
Template:Short description Template:Drugbox Cloxacillin is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of several bacterial infections.<ref name=WHO2008/> This includes impetigo, cellulitis, pneumonia, septic arthritis, and otitis externa.<ref name=WHO2008/> It is not effective for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).<ref name=PPA2016/> It can be used by mouth and by injection.<ref name=WHO2008>Template:Cite book</ref>
Side effects include nausea, diarrhea, and allergic reactions including anaphylaxis.<ref name=WHO2008/> Clostridioides difficile diarrhea may also occur.<ref name=PPA2016/> It is not recommended in people who have previously had a penicillin allergy.<ref name=WHO2008/> Use during pregnancy appears to be relatively safe.<ref name=WHO2008/> Cloxacillin is in the penicillin family of medications.<ref name=PPA2016/>
Cloxacillin was patented in 1960 and approved for medical use in 1965.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.<ref name="WHO21st">Template:Cite book</ref> It is not commercially available in the United States.<ref name=PPA2016>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Mechanism of actionEdit
It is semisynthetic and in the same class as penicillin. Cloxacillin is used against staphylococci that produce beta-lactamase, due to its large R chain, which does not allow the beta-lactamases to bind. This drug has a weaker antibacterial activity than benzylpenicillin, and is devoid of serious toxicity except for allergic reactions.Template:Cn
Society and cultureEdit
Cloxacillin was discovered and developed by Beecham (now GlaxoSmithKline).<ref name="Greenwood2008">Template:Cite book</ref>
It is sold under a number of trade names, including Cloxapen, Cloxacap, Tegopen and Orbenin.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
- {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}