Collège de France

Template:Short description Template:About {{#invoke:Infobox|infobox}}Template:Template other Template:Main other{{#if:Collège de France logo.svg|Template:Main other }}{{#if:|Template:Main other }}{{#if:|Template:Main other }}{{#invoke:check for unknown parameters|check |unknown=Template:Main other|preview=Page using Template:Infobox university with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y | academic_affiliation | academic_affiliations | academic_staff | accreditation | address | administrative_staff | affiliation | affiliations | athletics_affiliations | athletics_nickname | athletics_nicknames | budget | campus | campus_type | campus_size | canton | caption | chair | chairman | chairperson | chancellor | city | closed | colors | colours | coor | coordinates | country | dean | director | doctoral | embedded | endowment | enrollment | established | faculty | footnotes | former_name | former_names | founder | founders | free | free1 | free2 | free_label | free_label1 | free_label2 | head | head_label | image | image_alt | image_name | image_size | image_upright | language | latin_name | location | logo | logo_alt | logo_size | logo_upright | map_size | mascot | mascots | module | motto | mottoeng | motto_lang | mottoeng | name | native_name | native_name_lang | nickname | nrhp | officer_in_charge | other | other_name | other_names | other_students | parent | postalcode | postcode | postgrad | prefecture | president | principal | province | provost | pushpin_label_position | pushpin_map | pushpin_map_caption | rector | region | religious_affiliation | sporting_affiliations | sports_free | sports_free1 | sports_free2 | sports_free3 | sports_free_label | sports_free_label1 | sports_free_label2 | sports_free_label3 | sports_nickname | sports_nicknames | state | students | superintendent | top_free | top_free1 | top_free2 | top_free_label | top_free_label1 | top_free_label2 | total_staff | type | undergrad | vice_chancellor | vice-president | vice_president | visitor | website | zipcode }}{{#invoke:Check for clobbered parameters|check | template = Infobox university | cat = Template:Main other | image; image_name | other_names; other_name | former_names; former_name | founders; founder | academic_affiliations; academic_affiliation | academic_staff; faculty | campus_type; campus | other_students; other | location; address | location; city | location; address | location; canton | location; prefecture | location; province | location; region | location; state | location; country | location; postalcode | location; postcode | location; zipcode | postalcode; postcode; zipcode | coordinates; coor | colors; colours | free_label; free_label1 | free; free1 | athletics_nicknames; sports_nicknames; athletics_nickname; sports_nickname; nickname | athletics_affiliations; sporting_affiliations | affiliation; affiliations | mascots; mascot | nrhp; embedded; module }}

File:Collège de France, place Marcelin-Berthelot, Paris 5e.jpg

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The {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} ({{#invoke:IPA|main}}), formerly known as the {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} or as the Collège impérial founded in 1530 by François I, is a higher education and research establishment ({{#invoke:Lang|lang}}) in France. It is located in Paris near La Sorbonne. The {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} has been considered to be France's most prestigious research establishment.<ref name="Appelrouth Desfor 2008">Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> It is an associate member of PSL University.<ref name="2019-1130">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Research and teaching are closely linked at the {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, whose ambition is to teach "the knowledge that is being built up in all fields of literature, science and the arts".

OverviewEdit

As of 2021, 21 Nobel Prize winners and 9 Fields Medalists have been affiliated with the Collège. It does not grant degrees. Each professor is required to give lectures where attendance is free and open to anyone. Professors, about 50 in number, are chosen by the professors themselves, from a variety of disciplines, in both science and the humanities. The motto of the Collège is Docet Omnia, Latin for "It teaches everything"; its goal is to "teach science in the making" and can be best summed up by Maurice Merleau-Ponty's phrase: "Not acquired truths, but the idea of freely-executed research"<ref>"Non pas des vérités acquises, mais l'idée d'une recherche libre". The entire sentence is in fact: "Ce que le Collège de France, depuis sa fondation, est chargé de donner à ses auditeurs, ce ne sont pas des vérités acquises, c'est l'idée d'une recherche libre." From Merleau-Ponty's inaugural lecture at the Collège de France, reproduced in: Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Éloge de la philosophie et autres essais, Paris: Gallimard, 1989, p. 13. </ref> which is inscribed in golden letters above the main hall.

File:Cour intérieure Collège de France, Paris 5e.jpg

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The Collège has research laboratories and one of the bestTemplate:Peacock term research libraries of Europe, with sections focusing on history with rare books, humanities, social sciences and also chemistry and physics.

As of June 2009, over 650 audio podcasts of {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} lectures are available on iTunes. Some are also available in English and Chinese. Similarly, the {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}'s website hosts several videos of classes. The classes are followed by various students, from senior researchers to PhD or master's students, or even undergraduates. Moreover, the "leçons inaugurales" (first lessons) are important events in Paris intellectual and social life and attract a very large public of curious Parisians.

HistoryEdit

The Collège was established by King Francis I of France, modeled after the Collegium Trilingue in Louvain, at the urging of Guillaume Budé. Of humanist inspiration, the school was established as an alternative to the Sorbonne to promote such disciplines as Hebrew, Ancient Greek (the first teacher being the celebrated scholar Janus Lascaris) and Mathematics.<ref>Byzance et l'Europe : Colloque à la Maison de l'Europe, Paris, 22 avril 1994, H. Antoniadis-Bibicou (Ed.), 2001, ISBN/ISSN/EAN: 291142720.</ref> Initially called {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, and later Collège des trois langues (Latin, ancient Greek and Hebrew), Collège national, and Collège impérial, it was named {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} in 1870. In 2010, it became a founding associate of PSL Research University (a community of Parisian universities).

AdministratorsEdit

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1800–1823: Louis Lefèvre‑Gineau
1824–1838: Antoine Isaac Silvestre de Sacy
1838–1840: Louis Thénard
1840–1848: Jean-Antoine Letronne
1848–1852: Jules Barthélemy-Saint-Hilaire
1852–1853: Template:Ill

1853–1854: Template:Ill

1854–1873: Stanislas Julien
1873–1883: Édouard René de Laboulaye
1883–1892: Ernest Renan
1892–1894: Gaston Boissier
1894–1903: Gaston Paris
1903–1911: Émile Levasseur
1911–1929: Template:Ill
1929–1936: Joseph Bédier
1937–1955: Edmond Faral
1955–1965: Marcel Bataillon
1966–1974: Étienne Wolff
1974–1980: Template:Ill
1980–1991: Template:Ill
1991–1997: André Miquel
1997–2000: Gilbert Dagron
2000–2006: Jacques Glowinski
2006–2012: Pierre Corvol
2012–2015: Serge Haroche
2015–2019: Alain Prochiantz
Since 2019: Thomas Römer

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FacultyEdit

The faculty of the {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} currently comprises fifty-two Professors, elected by the Professors themselves from among Francophone scholars<ref>Francophone only in the sense that they have to be able to teach in French; they are not required to be native speakers of French or to come from or to have studied in a Francophone country: see for example Sanjay Subrahmanyam who is Indian: Sanjay Subrahmanyam's biography on the site of the Collège de France Template:Webarchive</ref> in subjects including mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, history, archaeology, linguistics, oriental studies, philosophy, the social sciences and other fields. Two chairs are reserved for foreign scholars who are invited to give lectures.

Notable facultyEdit

Notable faculty members include Serge Haroche, awarded with Nobel Prize in Physics in 2012. Notably, eight Fields medal winners have been affiliated with the College.

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