Dimitrie Sturdza

File:Sturdza.jpg

Dimitrie Sturdza

Prince Dimitrie Sturdza ({{#invoke:IPA|main}}, in full Prince Dimitrie Alexandru Sturdza-Miclăușanu; 10 March 1833Template:Snd21 October 1914) was a Romanian statesman and author of the late 19th century, and president of the Romanian Academy between 1882 and 1884. He is an aristocrat and member of the House of Sturdza.

Biography

Born in Iași, Moldavia, and educated there at the Academia Mihăileană, he continued his studies in Germany at Munich, Göttingen, Bonn, and Berlin.<ref name=nie>Template:Cite NIE</ref> He took part in the political movements of the time.

Sturdza was private secretary to Prince Alexander John Cuza.<ref name="EB1911">{{#if: |

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  }}{{#ifeq:  ||}}</ref> He afterwards turned against the increasingly unsanctioned rule of Cuza: He became Minister of Public Instruction in 1859, and was one of the most zealous promoters of the overthrow of Cuza. In 1866, he joined Ion Brătianu and others in the deposition of Cuza and the election of Prince Charles of Hohenzollern (later King Carol I of Romania).<ref name=nie/> He became a member of the Liberal government. In the cabinet of Bratianu, 1876–88, he repeatedly held ministerial posts.<ref name=nie/>

In 1892 he was elected leader of the National Liberal Party in succession to Brătianu, and was four times Prime Minister.<ref name="EB1911"/> During his last term in office, in 1907, Sturdza was called by King Carol I to handle the crisis created by the peasants' revolt of March. Although noted for his capacity for work, he was also a nationalist, resentful of "aliens"Template:Sfn (in line with the anti-Jewish policies of his party), and supported blocking non-Romanians from a large number of social positions. Sturdza was a notorious antisemite, supporting measures such as the expulsion of Romanian Jews, and he was known for his opposition towards the naturalization of the Jews in Romania. He was responsible for the exile of Romanian Jewish intellectuals Moses Gaster and Lazăr Şăineanu.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

He was appointed permanent secretary of the Romanian Academy, and became a recognized authority on Romanian numismatics. As secretary of the academy he was instrumental in assisting the publication of the collections of historic documents made by Constantin Hurmuzachi (30 vols., Bucharest, 1876–1897), and other acts and documents, as well as a number of minor political pamphlets of transitory value.<ref name="EB1911"/>

His son Template:Ill, by then a Colonel in the Romanian Army, defected to the Germans in 1916, during World War I.

Works

• La Marche progressive de la Russie sur le Danube (1878)
• Uebersicht der Münzen und Medaillen des Fürstentums Rumänien (1874)
• Europa, Russia, Romania (1888)
• La question des portes de fer et des cataractes du Danube (1899)
• Charles I., roi de Roumanie (1899 et seq.)
• Otu, Petre, Georgescu, Maria: Durchleuchtung eines Verrats. Der Fall des Oberst Alexandru D. Sturdza. Lektor Verlag. Hainburg. 2022.

See also

• Sturdza family

References

• Template:In lang Ion Luca Caragiale, Trădarea românismului! Triumful străinismului!! Consumatum est!!! (a pamphlet of the period, ridiculing the anti-Jewish stance of the Liberal Party)