Drug czar

Template:Short description Drug czar is an informal name for the person who directs drug-control policies in various areas. The term follows the informal use of the term czar in U.S. politics. The 'drug czar' title first appeared in a 1982 news story by United Press International that reported that, "[United States] Senators ... voted 62–34 to establish a 'drug czar' who would have overall responsibility for U.S. drug policy."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Since then, several ad hoc executive positions established in both the United States and United Kingdom have been referred to in this manner.

GermanyEdit

The Drug Commissioner of the German Federal Government has been called the nation's drug czar by the state media company Deutsche Welle.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>

United StatesEdit

File:Drug Czar Visits Covenant House (3858774035).jpg

Drug Czar Gil Kerlikowske speaks with staff and patients at the Covenant House, which helps drug-addicted teenagers and adults.

The first US Drug czar was Harry J. Anslinger, who served as the first Commissioner of the Treasury Department's Federal Bureau of Narcotics from 1930 to 1962, under the administrations of five presidents: Herbert Hoover, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower and John F. Kennedy. Legislative efforts for marijuana prohibition under Anslinger included a push for all states to adopt similar drug laws, the Uniform State Narcotic Drug Act and the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937, which in effect criminalized the drug and set the stage for marijuana prohibition.

Nixon and Ford administrationsEdit

Jerome Jaffe, head of the Special Office for Drug Abuse Prevention
Myles Ambrose, head of the Office of Drug Abuse Law Enforcement (ODALE)
Robert DuPont, Director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse and head of the Narcotics Treatment Administration

Carter administrationEdit

Peter Bourne, Director of the National Drug Control Policy followed by Lee I Dogoloff
Mathea Falco, Assistant Secretary of State for International Narcotics

Reagan administrationEdit

Carlton Turner PhD, ScD, Director of the Drug Abuse Policy Office. Turner, while working as drug czar, was in communication with Elisaldo Carlini, a scientist in Brazil whose lab was studying the beneficial effects of CBD. Turner helped establish the Marijuana Research Project at the University of Mississippi<ref name="NYT20200523">Template:Cite news</ref>
D. Ian McDonald, MD. Deputy Assistant to the President, Drug Abuse Policy Office
Vice President George H.W. Bush, who created and oversaw the Vice President's National Narcotics Border Interdiction System

1988–presentEdit

The Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy

Trump administrationEdit

The Chair of the Opioid and Drug Abuse Commission,<ref group=note>In March 2017, it was announced that governor of New Jersey Chris Christie was to head the commission.</ref><ref>Template:Cite news Template:WaPoCheckDates</ref> (who has been described as an "opioid czar")<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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State and local authoritiesEdit

In California, the head of the state Bureau of Medical Cannabis has been called "marijuana czar".<ref>Template:Citation</ref>

Following statewide medical and recreational legalization, the city of Sacramento, California appointed a director of cannabis policy and enforcement, called a pot czar.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>

In Washington State, the consultant to the Washington State Liquor and Cannabis Board determining statewide procedures and regulations following legalization was "quickly dubbed 'pot czar'".<ref>Template:Citation</ref> A similar cannabis regulation staff position in Oregon Liquor Control Commission was also called "marijuana czar".<ref>Template:Citation</ref>

United KingdomEdit

In the UK, Keith Hellawell, former Drugs Advisor to the Labour government of Tony Blair, has been referred to as a drug czar.

NotesEdit

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ReferencesEdit