Fred Nicole
Template:Short description Template:Infobox climber Fred Nicole (born 21 May 1970) is a Swiss rock climber known for his first ascents of extreme sport climbing routes and for pioneering the development of standards and techniques in modern bouldering in the 1990s and early 2000s; he is considered an important climber in the history of the sport.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=OUTB>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=PM1/>
Climbing careerEdit
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In 1992, Nicole solved La Danse des Balrogs, in Branson, Switzerland, which is considered the first-ever Template:Boulder grade in bouldering history.<ref name=OUTB/><ref name=PM1/><ref name=PM2/> In 1996, he solved Radja, also in Branson, which is also now considered the first-ever Template:Boulder grade graded boulder in history.<ref name=OUTB/><ref name=PM1/><ref name=PM2/>
In 2002, he solved Monkey Wedding and Black Eagle SDS in Rocklands, South Africa, which is now considered to be the first-ever Template:Boulder grade graded boulder in history.<ref name=OUTB/><ref name=PM1/><ref name=PM2/> In 2000, Nicole solved Dreamtime in Cresciano in Switzerland, which at the time was considered the first-ever Template:Boulder grade boulder in history, but its consensus grade was subsequently softened;<ref name=PM1/><ref name=PM2/> the beauty and challenge of Dreamtime have maintained its status as an important route in bouldering history.<ref name=OUTB/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Nicole has also made important first ascents in sport climbing. In 1988, he redpointed the second-ever Template:Climbing grade in history with Anaïs et le canabis in Saint-Loup in Switzerland. In 1993, he redpointed the third-ever Template:Climbing grade in history with Template:Ill, also in Saint-Loup in Switzerland.<ref name=PM1>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=PM2>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
See alsoEdit
- John Gill, a pioneer in modern bouldering
- John Sherman, a pioneer in modern bouldering
- List of grade milestones in rock climbing
- History of rock climbing
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
- VIDEO: Nicole adds two test-pieces, Terre de Sienne and El Techo de los Tres B, Climbing (7 April 2005)
- VIDEO: Witness the Fitness, Fred Nicoles Story, Climbing (5 January 2007)
- VIDEO: Fred Nicole: Why He Climbs, Climbing (11 April 2013)
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