Galindian language

Template:Short descriptionThe term Galindian is sometimes ascribed to two separate Baltic languages, both of which were peripheral dialects:

• a West Baltic language referred to as West Galindian;
• a Baltic language previously spoken in Mozhaysk region (present day Russia), referred to as East Galindian or Golyad<ref>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref>

Name

There are three proposed etymologies for the denomination Galindian:<ref name="Dini">Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Rp

• Proto-Baltic {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} meaning 'outsider' (Template:Langx 'wall; border').<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> This is supported by the etymology of the common Old Russian term for the Galindians {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} > Proto-Slavic {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} > Proto-Baltic {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}); the Proto-Slavic *ę denotes a nasal e (/ẽ/)
• It is derived from the root {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} found in Baltic hydronyms;<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> and
• The name means 'the powerful ones' (Template:Langx 'power, strength') and also Celtic languages (Template:Langx 'strength', Template:Langx 'power', Galli, Gallia).<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Proposed relation

Based on the common name used for the two peoples by ancient authors, some scientists propose a common origin of the two peoples and languages.Template:R<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> In order to prove this hypothesis, they investigate common features between Old Prussian/West Galindian and East Galindian.Template:R

West Galindian

{{#invoke:Infobox|infobox}}Template:Template otherTemplate:Main other West Galindian is the poorly attested extinct Baltic language of the Galindians previously spoken in what is today northeastern Poland and thought to have been a dialect of Old Prussian,Template:R or a Western Baltic language similar to Old Prussian.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> There are no extant writings in Galindian.

Phonology

Consonants

		Labial	Dental/ Alveolar		Post- alveolar	Velar
			plain	pal.
Nasal		Template:IPA link	Template:IPA link	Template:IPA link
Plosive	voiceless	Template:IPA link	Template:IPA link	Template:IPA link		Template:IPA link
	voiced	Template:IPA link	Template:IPA link	Template:IPA link	Template:IPA link	Template:IPA link
Fricative	voiceless	Template:IPA link	Template:IPA link		Template:IPA link
	voiced		Template:IPA link		Template:IPA link
Trill			Template:IPA link	Template:IPA link
Approximant			Template:IPA link	Template:IPA link	Template:IPA link

Vowels

	Front		Central		Back
	short	long	short	long	short	long
High	Template:IPA link	Template:IPA link			Template:IPA link	Template:IPA link
Mid		Template:IPA link				Template:IPA link
Mid-low					Template:IPA link
Low			Template:IPA link	Template:IPA link