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Geoffrey A. Landis

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Geoffrey Alan Landis (Template:IPAc-en; born May 28, 1955) is an American aerospace engineer and author, working for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) on planetary exploration, interstellar propulsion, solar power and photovoltaics.<ref name="zipcodemars">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="bio">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He holds nine patents, primarily in the field of improvements to solar cells and photovoltaic devices<ref name="patents">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and has given presentations and commentary on the possibilities for interstellar travel and construction of bases on the Moon, Mars,<ref name="mars">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Venus.<ref name="venus">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Supported by his scientific background Landis also writes hard science fiction.<ref>

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|CitationClass=web }} </ref> He contributes science articles to various academic publications.

BiographyEdit

Landis was born in Detroit, Michigan, and lived in Virginia, Maryland, Philadelphia, and Illinois during his childhood. His senior education was at New Trier High School, Winnetka, Illinois.<ref name="zipcodemars" /> He holds undergraduate degrees in physics and electrical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He also holds masters degrees in physics and engineering and a PhD in solid-state physics from Brown University.<ref name="zipcodemars"/> He is married to science fiction writer Mary A. Turzillo and lives in Berea, Ohio.<ref name="bio" />

CareerEdit

After receiving his doctorate at Brown University, Landis worked at the NASA Lewis Research Center (now NASA Glenn) and the Ohio Aerospace Institute before accepting a permanent position at the NASA John Glenn Research Center,<ref name="bio"/> where he does research on Mars missions,<ref name="mars" /> solar energy,<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> and technology development for future space missions.<ref name="Goddard">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He holds nine patents,<ref name="patents" /> and has authored or co-authored more than 300 published scientific papers<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> in the fields of astronautics and photovoltaics.

Landis has commented on the practicalities of generating oxygen and creating building materials for a future Moon base in New Scientist,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and on the possibilities of using readily available metallic iron to manufacture steel on Mars.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

He is the recipient of numerous professional honors, including the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Aerospace Power Systems Award,<ref>American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Aerospace Power Systems Award Recipients Template:Webarchive (retrieved May 14, 2014)</ref> the NASA Space Flight Awareness award<ref>NASA Space Flight Awareness award Template:Webarchive (retrieved May 14, 2014)</ref> and the Rotary National Award for Space Achievement Stellar Award in 2016.<ref>Rotary National Award for Space Achievement Foundation, 2016 Stellar Awards</ref>

Photovoltaic power systemsEdit

Much of Landis' technical work has been in the field of developing solar cells and arrays, both for terrestrial use and for spacecraft.

MarsEdit

Landis has worked on a number of projects related to developing technology of human and robotic exploration of Mars and scientific analysis of the Martian surface,<ref>Link to Google scholar references</ref> including studies of the performance of photovoltaic cells in the Mars environment,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Geoffrey A. Landis, Thomas W. Kerslake, Phillip P. Jenkins and David A. Scheiman, Mars Solar Power, NASA/TM—2004-213367, November 2004; paper AIAA–2004–5555</ref> the effect of Martian dust on performance,<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> and technologies for dust removal from the arrays.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> He was a member of the Rover team on the Mars Pathfinder mission,<ref>JPL, Meet The Mars Pathfinder Scientists, Mars Pathfinder Home Page (1997)</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> and named the Mars rock, "Yogi".<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He is a member of the science team on the 2003 Mars Exploration Rovers mission,<ref name="Goddard"/> where his work includes observations of Martian dust devils,<ref>G. A. Landis, et al., "Dust Devils in Gusev Crater: A Second Year of Observations by the Spirit Rover", 7th International Conference on Mars, Pasadena, CA, LPI Contributions 1353 (2007): 3149. abstract.</ref> atmospheric science measurements, and observation of frost on the equator of Mars.<ref>G. A. Landis and the MER Athena Science Team, observation of frost on the equator of Mars by the Opportunity Rover, Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVIII (2007) abstract 2423.</ref> He was also a member of the Mars ISPP Propellant Precursor experiment team for the Mars Surveyor 2001 Lander mission, an experiment package to demonstrate manufacture of oxygen from the Martian atmosphere (which was cancelled after the failure of the Mars Polar Lander).<ref>D. I. Kaplan, et al., The Mars In-Situ-Propellant-Production Precursor (MIP) Flight Demonstration, Workshop on Mars 2001: Integrated Science in Preparation for Sample Return and Human Exploration; 54-56; NASA Johnson Space Center; Houston, TX (1999)</ref>

He has also done work on analyzing concepts for future robotic and human mission to Mars. These include the Mars Geyser Hopper spacecraft, a Discovery-class mission concept that would investigate the springtime carbon dioxide Martian geysers found in regions around the south pole of Mars,<ref name="Geyser Hopper">Template:Cite conference; available from NTRS as Template:Cite journal</ref> the Human Exploration using Real-time Robotic Operations ("HERRO") concept for telerobotic Mars exploration,<ref>G.A. Landis, "Teleoperation from Mars Orbit: A Proposal for Human Exploration", Acta Astronautica, Vol. 61, No. 1, pp 59-65; presented as paper IAC-04-IAA.3.7.2.05, 55th International Astronautical Federation Congress, Vancouver BC, October 4–8, 2004.</ref><ref>Steven R. Oleson, Geoffrey A. Landis, Melissa L. McGuire, and George R. Schmidt, HERRO Mission to Mars Using Telerobotic Surface Exploration From Orbit, NASA/TM—2013-217414; paper AIAA–2011–0334, AIAA Space 2011 Conference & Exposition, {{#invoke:doi|main}}</ref> and concepts for use of In-situ resource utilization for a Mars sample-return mission.<ref>Geoffrey A. Landis, P. Cunio, T. Ishimatsu, J. Keller, Z. Khan, and R. Odegard, "Mars Sample Return with ISRU", Seventh International Conference on Mars (2007).</ref> In a 1993 paper, he suggested the use of a phased program of Mars exploration, with a series of incremental achievements leading up to human landings on Mars.<ref>David S. F. Porttree, "Footsteps to Mars (1993)", Wired, March 1, 2014.</ref>

NASA Institute for Advanced ConceptsEdit

File:Zephyr Venus Landsailing Rover.jpg
The Zephyr landsailing rover, a concept for a wind-propelled rover on the surface of Venus. Image from NASA John Glenn Research Center, for the NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts ("NIAC") project.

Landis was a fellow of the NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts ("NIAC"), where he worked on a project investigating the use of laser- and particle-beam pushed sails for propulsion for interstellar flight.<ref name="niac">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2002 Landis addressed the annual convention of the American Association for the Advancement of Science on the possibilities and challenges of interstellar travel in what was described as the "first serious discussion of how mankind will one day set sail to the nearest star". Dr. Landis said, "This is the first meeting to really consider interstellar travel by humans. It is historic. We're going to the stars. There really isn't a choice in the long term." He went on to describe a star ship with a diamond sail, a few nanometres thick, powered by solar energy, which could achieve "10 per cent of the speed of light".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

He was selected again as a NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts fellow in 2012,<ref name="gizmag2012">David Szondy, "NASA announces advanced technology proposals", gizmag, August 5, 2012 (Retrieved August 9, 2012)</ref> with feasibility concept of a landsailing rover for Venus exploration,<ref>Keith Wagstaff, Time Techland blog, "What's Next for NASA? 10 Wild Newly Funded Projects" August 14, 2012 (Retrieved September 1, 2012)</ref> called Venus Landsailing Rover, and in 2015 was the science lead on a NIAC study to design a mission to Neptune's moon Triton.<ref>Becky Ferreira, Why We Should Use This Jumping Robot to Explore Neptune, Motherboard, August 28, 2015 // 08:00 AM EST (Retrieved September 14, 2014)</ref>

In 2017, Landis's work was the subject of the book<ref>Heilman, Richard, "Book spotlights scientist's work on Venus rover", Berea News Sun, November 17, 2017. Retrieved Dec, 7, 2017.</ref> Land-Sailing Venus Rover With NASA Inventor Geoffrey Landis, published by World Book<ref>Land-Sailing Venus Rover With NASA Inventor Geoffrey Landis, Template:ISBN World Book, Chicago 2017. Retrieved December 7, 2017.</ref> as part of their "Out of This World" book series for ages 10–14+.<ref>World Book, Out Of This World, 2017. Retrieved December 7, 2017.</ref>

Academic positionsEdit

In 2005–2006, he was named the Ronald E. McNair Visiting Professor of Astronautics at MIT,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and won the AIAA Abe M. Zarem Educator Award in 2007.<ref>AIAA Honors & Awards: Abe M. Zarem Educator Award Template:Webarchive recipients (Retrieved Sep. 2011</ref> Landis has also been a faculty member of the International Space University; in 1998 he was on the faculty of the Department of Mining, Manufacturing, and Robotics in the Space Studies Program, and in 1999 he was on the faculty of the 12th Space Studies Program at the Suranaree University of Technology in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. and co-chair of the student project "Out of the Cradle".<ref>ISU Summer Session Program report Out of the Cradle report, Sept, 4 1999 (Retrieved September 11, 2011)</ref> He was also a guest lecturer at the ISU 13th Space Studies Program in Valparaíso, Chile, and the 2015 Space Studies Program in Athens, Ohio.<ref>ISU, Faculty and Lecturers Template:Webarchive</ref>

As a writer, he was an instructor at the Clarion Writers Workshop at Michigan State University in 2001.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He was a guest instructor at the Launch Pad workshop for 2012.<ref>Mike Brotherton, Launch Pad 2012 Guest Instructor will be Geoffrey Landis Template:Webarchive August 29, 2011</ref>

WritingEdit

Science fictionEdit

Landis' first science fiction story, "Elemental", appeared in Analog in December 1984, and was nominated for the 1985 Hugo Award for Best Novella.<ref>Locus, "Geoffrey A. Landis: Hands on Science", January 2000 online version here, accessed September 11, 2011)</ref> as well as earning him a nomination for the John W. Campbell Award for Best New Writer. In the field of science fiction, Landis has published over 70 works of short fiction, and two books.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}This page lists a selection of Landis' works in print.</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He won the 1989 Nebula Award for best short story for "Ripples in the Dirac Sea" (Asimov's Science Fiction, October 1988), the 1992 Hugo Award for "A Walk in the Sun" (Asimov's Science Fiction, October 1991), and the 2003 Hugo for his short story "Falling onto Mars" (Analog Science Fiction and Fact, July/Aug 2002).

His first novel, Mars Crossing, was published by Tor Books in 2000, winning a Locus Award.<ref name="awards"/> A short story collection, Impact Parameter (and Other Quantum Realities), was published by Golden Gryphon Press in 2001 and named as noteworthy by trade magazine Publishers Weekly.<ref name="pub">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He has also won the Analog Analytical Laboratory Award for the novelette The Man in the Mirror (2009).<ref name=AnaLab>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> His 2010 novella The Sultan of the Clouds won the Theodore Sturgeon Award for best short science fiction story,<ref name="sturgeon">Locus, McDonald and Landis Win Cambbell and Sturgeon Awards, July 2011 (access date August 21, 2011)</ref> and was nominated for both the Nebula<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Hugo awards.<ref>Locus, 2011 Hugo and Campbell Awards Winners (Retrieved date August 21, 2011)</ref>

File:Gl sultanof.jpg
Geoffrey Landis combined his scientific insights about Venus cloud layer habitability in his science fiction work The Sultan of the Clouds (2010).

He attended the Clarion Workshop in 1985, with other emerging SF writers such as Kristine Kathryn Rusch, Martha Soukup, William Shunn, Resa Nelson, Mary Turzillo and Robert J. Howe.

PoetryEdit

Landis has also published a number of poems, much of it involving science fiction or science themes. He won the Rhysling Award three times, for his poems "Christmas, after we all get time machines" in 2000 (which also won the 2000 Asimov's Reader's Award for best poem<ref>Locus, "Index to SF Awards" ,Asimov's Reader's Poll Template:Webarchive (accessed September 11, 2011)</ref>), for "Search" in 2009<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>, and for "No One Now Remembers" in 2024.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He won the Dwarf Stars Award in 2010, for the poem "Fireflies".<ref>Science Fiction Poetry Association, Dwarf Stars Awards (accessed September 10, 2011)</ref> He has won the Asimov's Reader's award for best poem three times,<ref>Sheila Williams, Editorial Template:Webarchive, Asimov's Science Fiction, Sept. 2012 (retrieved June 14, 2015)</ref><ref name="asimovs 2014" /> most recently in 2014, for his poem "Rivers".<ref name="asimovs 2014">Sheila Williams, Editorial Template:Webarchive, Asimov's Science Fiction, October 2014 (retrieved June 14, 2015)</ref> In 2009, he won second place in the Hessler Street Fair poetry contest for his poem "Five Pounds of Sunlight", and first place in 2010 for "Human Potential".<ref>T.M. Göttl, "Poets to grace the stage at 41st Annual Hessler Street Fair", Cleveland Poetry Examiner, May 22, 2010.</ref>

His poetry collection Iron Angels was published in 2009.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Other writingEdit

Landis has also written non-fiction and popular science articles, encyclopedia articles and columns for a large range of publications, including Analog Science Fiction and Fact, Space Sciences, Asimov's Science Fiction, Spaceflight, and Science Fiction Age.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> His article "The Demon Under Hawaii" won the Analog Analytical Laboratory Award for best science article in 1993.<ref name= AnaLab />

Writing influences include Arthur C. Clarke, Isaac Asimov, Robert A. Heinlein, Ursula K. Le Guin, Kurt Vonnegut, Larry Niven, and John Varley.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Major awardsEdit

BibliographyEdit

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NovelsEdit

Short fictionEdit

Collections
Stories<ref group=lower-alpha>Short stories unless otherwise noted.</ref>

PoetryEdit

Collections
List of poems

Non-fictionEdit

Bibliography notes

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ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

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