Gulf of Oman

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Satellite view of Iran, Pakistan and the Gulf of Oman.

Khor Fakkan, a city in the Emirate of Sharjah, has one of the major container ports in the eastern seaboard of the United Arab Emirates.

File:Carriers Charles de Gaulle (R91) - Harry S. Truman (CVN-75) and Cavour (550) underway in the Gulf of Oman on 3 January 2014 (140103-N-CL550-634).jpg

U.S. Navy, French Navy, and Italian Navy aircraft carriers conduct operations in the U.S. 5th Fleet area of responsibility in the Gulf of Oman.

The Gulf of Oman or Sea of Oman (Template:Langx khalīj ʿumān; Template:Langx daryâ-ye omân), also known as Gulf of Makran or Sea of Makran (Template:Langx khalīj makrān; Template:Langx daryâ-ye makrān), is a gulf in the Indian Ocean that connects the Arabian Sea with the Strait of Hormuz, which then runs to the Persian Gulf. It borders Iran and Pakistan on the north, Oman on the south, and the United Arab Emirates on the west.

ExtentEdit

The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Gulf of Oman as follows:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

On the Northwest: A line joining Ràs Limah (25°57'N) on the coast of Arabia and Ràs al Kuh (25°48'N) on the coast of Iran (Persia).

On the Southeast: The Northern limit of the Arabian Sea [A line joining Ràs al Hadd, East point of Arabia (22°32'N) and Ràs Jiyùni (61°43'E) on the coast of Pakistan].{{#if:|{{#if:|}}

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Exclusive economic zoneEdit

Exclusive economic zones in Gulf of Oman:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Number	Country	Area (Km²)
1	Template:OMA	108,779
2	Template:IRI	65,850
3	Template:UAE	4,371
4	Template:PAK	2,000
Total	Gulf of Oman	181,000

Bordering countriesEdit

Coastline length of bordering countries:

Template:IRI - 850 km coastline
Template:OMA - 750 km coastline
Template:UAE - 50 km coastline
Template:PAK - 50 km coastline

Alternative namesEdit

File:The western part of the Indian Ocean, by Vincenzo Maria Coronelli, 1693 from his system of global gores the Makran coast.jpg

The western part of the Indian Ocean, by Vincenzo Maria Coronelli, 1693 from his system of global gores the Makran coast

File:MacedonEmpire-2.jpg

Paths that Alexander the Great took

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The Gulf of Oman historically and geographically has been referred to by different names by Arabian, Iranian, Indian, Pakistani, and European geographers and travelers, including Makran Sea and Akhzar Sea.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Makran Sea
Akhzar Sea
Persian Sea (consists of the whole of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman)

Until the 18th century, it was known as Makran Sea and is also visible on historical maps and museums.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Major portsEdit

Port of Fujairah, Fujairah, United Arab Emirates
Khor Fakkan Container Terminal, Khor Fakkan, United Arab Emirates
Port of Chabahar, Chabahar, Iran
Port Sultan Qaboos, Muttrah, Oman

International tradeEdit

The Western side of the gulf connects to the Strait of Hormuz, a strategic route through which a third of the world's liquefied natural gas and 20% of global oil consumption passes from Middle East producers.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

EcologyEdit

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In 2018, scientists confirmed the Gulf of Oman contains one of the world's largest marine dead zones, where the ocean contains little or no oxygen and marine wildlife cannot exist. The dead zone encompasses nearly the entire Template:Convert Gulf of Oman and equivalent to the size of Florida, United States of America. The cause is a combination of increased ocean warming and increased runoff of nitrogen and phosphorus from fertilizers.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

International underwater rail tunnelEdit

In 2018, a rail tunnel under the sea was suggested to link the UAE with the western coast of India. The bullet train tunnel would be supported by pontoons and be nearly Template:Convert in length.<ref>"A 2,000-km-long underwater rail will connect Mumbai to the UAE very soon!", Times of India, 30 November 2018. Retrieved 2 November 2021</ref><ref>"The UAE Wants an Underwater Bullet Train to India", Futurism.com, 5 December 2018. Retrieved 2 November 2021</ref>

Pop cultureEdit

In the Battlefield video game series, the Gulf of Oman is a map used in Battlefield 2, Battlefield 3, Battlefield Play4Free and Battlefield 4 with the United States Marines Corps (USMC) invading the shore of Oman with the fictional Middle Eastern Coalition (MEC) defending it in Battlefield 2, and with Russian Ground Forces defending it in Play4Free, Battlefield 3 and Battlefield 4.

ReferencesEdit

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