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Gustav Nossal

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Template:Short description Template:Use Australian English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox scientist Sir Gustav Victor Joseph Nossal (born 4 June 1931) is an Austrian-born Australian research biologist. He is famous for his contributions to the fields of antibody formation and immunological tolerance.

Early life and educationEdit

Nossal's family was from Vienna, Austria. He was born four weeks prematurely in Bad Ischl while his mother was on holiday. His family left their home town of Vienna for Australia in 1939 following Nazi Germany's annexation of Austria. As his father's grandparents were Jewish, he was also considered Jewish and at risk of being sent to concentration camps. In an interview with Adam Spencer, Nossal noted that his father was not a professing Jew but of Jewish ethnicity as he had been baptised a Roman Catholic as a child. Nossal remarked that his father "therefore thought that he would be somewhat protected from the Holocaust-type predicament. Of course, he hadn't properly read Mein Kampf. It was all spelt out there: if your four grandparents were Jewish, then you were Jewish."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He was baptised and remains a practising Roman Catholic.<ref name="USYDNossal">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Nossal showed interest in medicine and wanted to become a doctor since the age of seven.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> When he first attended school in Australia, Nossal spoke no English<ref name="age_20080619">Template:Cite news</ref> but he graduated from St Aloysius' College in 1947<ref name="gonz_20110304">Template:Cite news</ref> as the dux of the college.<ref name="Nossalhs">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1948, he entered the Sydney Medical School, graduating later with first-class honours from the University of Sydney. At the age of 26, he left his job in Sydney and moved to Melbourne to work with Macfarlane Burnet in medical science at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and gained his PhD degree at the University of Melbourne in 1960.

Religious beliefsEdit

On describing his views on religion Nossal said: Template:Centred pull quote

CareerEdit

Following the retirement of Macfarlane Burnet in 1965, at the age of 35 Nossal became director of Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, a position that he kept until 1996. In parallel, he was Professor of Medical Biology at the University of Melbourne. Nossal's research was in fundamental immunology, in the field of "antibody formation and immunological tolerance".<ref name="spark">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He has written five books and 530 scientific articles in this and related fields.

Nossal has been President (1970-1973) of the 30,000-member world body of immunology, the International Union of Immunological Societies; President of the Australian Academy of Science (1994-1998); a member of the Prime Minister's Science, Engineering and Innovation Council (PMSEIC) (1989 to 1998); and Chairman of the Victorian Health Promotion Foundation (1987-1996). He has been chairman of the committee overseeing the World Health Organization's Vaccines and Biologicals Program (1993-2002) and Chairman of the Strategic Advisory Council of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Children's Vaccine Program (1998-2003). He was Deputy Chairman of the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation from 1998 to 2000. He was Chairman of the Advisory Committee of the Global Foundation,<ref name="foundation">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The purpose of the foundation was to "encourage Australia’s sustainable national development in a global context." Sir Gustav is a member of the Patrons Council of the Epilepsy Foundation of Victoria and of the advisory board of the Health Impact Fund.

Personal lifeEdit

Nossal is married to Lyn whom he met and later married on completion of his medical course at the University of Sydney. Together, they have four children and nine grandchildren.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Awards and recognitionEdit

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  • 1977 – Knighted for his ground-breaking work in immunology<ref name="USYDNossal" /><ref name="Nossalhs" /><ref name="honour2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • 1982 – Rostrum Award of Merit, for excellence in the art of public speaking over a considerable period and his demonstration of an effective contribution to society through the spoken word<ref>Rostrum Victoria, Friday 12 November 1982.</ref>
  • 1983 – Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (HonFRSE)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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|CitationClass=web }}</ref> the prize being awarded for prizes for major advances in biomedical sciences, particularly in the fields of microbiology and immunology.

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  • 2006 – Honorary member of the Monash University Golden Key Society
  • 2007 – The Nossal Institute for Global Health<ref name="global">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> at the University of Melbourne was named in honour of Nossal

  • 2009 – Nossal High School, located at the then Berwick campus of Monash University, now the Berwick Campus of Federation University, was named in honour of Nossal
  • 2010 – Inaugural Monash Medal as an Outstanding Australian for his contribution to the Australian community and beyond
  • 2012 – Monash University Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Lifetime Achievement Award
  • Foreign Member of the Korean Academy of Science and Technology<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

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