Gymnocalycium

Gymnocalycium, commonly called chin cactus, is a genus of about 70 South American species of cactus. The genus name Gymnocalycium (from Greek, "naked calyx") refers to the flower buds bearing no hair or spines. In a 2023 classification of the tribe Cereeae, it was placed as the only genus in the subtribe Gymnocalyciinae, having formerly been placed in the subtribe Rebutiinae.<ref name=RomeTaylZappTelh23>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Description

The species of the genus Gymnocalycium are low-growing, usually solitary or sometimes small cushion-forming plants with globose, depressed-globular to short-cylindrical stems. The 4 to 15 (rarely more) ribs are usually broadly rounded, often sinuous, occasionally warty, and often have a "chin" just below the areoles. The thorns are very variable.

The diurnal, funnel- or bell-shaped flowers appear at or near the apex. They are white or pink, sometimes yellow or bright red. The flower cup and the corolla are covered with a few large, broad and obtuse scales that have membranous edges. The areoles are bare. The perianth is usually spread.

The stamens form two circles. The first surrounds the nectar chamber, the second is attached near the opening of the corolla. The oblong to spherical fruits are dry or fleshy and spring up in various ways. A permanent flower residue adheres to them. The seeds are very variable. Their color ranges from brown to black, the size from quite small to relatively very large.

In cultivation they are popular for their easy flowering habits, and the flowers are generally brightly colored.<ref name="Anderson Eggli 2005 p. 308–330">Template:Cite book</ref>

Species

Species of the genus Gymnocalycium according to Plants of the World Online Template:As of:<ref name="Plants of the World Online t974">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Image	Scientific name	Distribution
	Gymnocalycium affine Template:Small	Argentina (Córdoba)
	Gymnocalycium alboareolatum Template:Small	Argentina (La Rioja)
	Gymnocalycium alenae Template:Small	Argentina (Córdoba)
File:Gymnocalycium altagraciense STO223.JPG	Gymnocalycium amerhauseri Template:Small	Argentina (Córdoba)
File:Gymnocalycium andreae.jpg	Gymnocalycium andreae Template:Small	Argentina (Córdoba)
	Gymnocalycium angelae Template:Small	Argentina (Corrientes)
File:Gymnocalycium anisitsii subsp. damsii.jpg	Gymnocalycium anisitsii Template:Small	Bolivia to Paraguay
	Gymnocalycium × applanatum Template:Small (G. capillense × G. ochoterenae)	Argentina (Córdoba)
File:Gymnocalycium baldianum133540604.jpg	Gymnocalycium baldianum Template:Small	Argentina.
	Gymnocalycium basiatrum Template:Small	Argentina (La Rioja)
File:Gymnocalycium bayrianum GN88-69.JPG	Gymnocalycium bayrianum Template:Small	Argentina (Salta, Tucumán)
File:Gymnocalycium berchtii GN158-418.jpg	Gymnocalycium berchtii Template:Small	Argentina (San Luis)
File:Gymnocalycium piltziorum.jpg	Gymnocalycium bodenbenderianum Template:Small	Argentina (to NW. Córdoba)
File:Gymnocalycium bruchii.JPG	Gymnocalycium bruchii Template:Small	Argentina (San Luis, Córdoba)
File:Gymnocalycium cabreraense VoS2122 30403.JPG	Gymnocalycium cabreraense Template:Small	Paraguay
File:Gymnocalycium calochlorum-IMG 6622.JPG	Gymnocalycium calochlorum Template:Small	Argentina (Córdoba)
	Gymnocalycium campestre Template:Small	Argentina (Córdoba)
File:Succu Gymnocalycium capillaense 01.JPG	Gymnocalycium capillense Template:Small	Argentina (Córdoba, San Luis)
File:Gymnocalycium castellanosi.JPG	Gymnocalycium castellanosii Template:Small	Argentina (La Rioja, San Luis)
	Gymnocalycium chacoense Template:Small	Bolivia (Santa Cruz)
	Gymnocalycium chiquitanum Template:Small	Bolivia.
File:Gymnocalycium denudatum 12.JPG	Gymnocalycium denudatum Template:Small	S. Brazil to Argentina (Misiones, Corrientes)
File:Gymnocalycium erinaceum.jpg	Gymnocalycium erinaceum Template:Small	Argentina (Córdoba)
File:Gymnocalycium esperanzae VoS1791 30439.JPG	Gymnocalycium esperanzae Template:Small	Argentina (La Rioja)
File:Gymnocalycium eurypleurum Prague 2012 1.jpg	Gymnocalycium eurypleurum Template:Small	Paraguay
File:Gymnocalycium gibbosum.jpg	Gymnocalycium gibbosum Template:Small	Argentina.
File:Gymnocalycium mucidum pm 1.jpg	Gymnocalycium glaucum Template:Small	Argentina.
File:Gymnocalycium horstii 3.JPG	Gymnocalycium horstii Template:Small	Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul).
	Gymnocalycium hossei Template:Small	Argentina
	Gymnocalycium kieslingii Template:Small	Argentina (La Rioja, Santiago del Estero).
	Gymnocalycium kroenleinii Template:Small	Argentina (La Rioja).
	Gymnocalycium kuehhasii Template:Small	Argentina (Córdoba).
	Gymnocalycium kulhanekii Template:Small	Argentina (Córdoba)
	Gymnocalycium marekiorum Template:Small	Bolivia (Santa Cruz)
File:Gymno (6197677037).jpg	Gymnocalycium marsoneri Template:Small	Argentina (to Chaco)
	Gymnocalycium mendozaense Template:Small	Paraguay.
File:Gymnocalycium mesopotamicum.jpg	Gymnocalycium mesopotamicum Template:Small	Argentina (Corrientes)
File:Gymnocalycium mihanovichii 2.JPG	Gymnocalycium mihanovichii Template:Small	Paraguay to Argentina (Chaco, Formosa)
	Gymnocalycium × momo Template:Small (G. monvillei × G. mostii.)	Argentina (Córdoba)
File:Gymnocalicium multiflorum 3.JPG	Gymnocalycium monvillei Template:Small	Argentina (to Córdoba)
File:Gymnocalycium Mostii Flower.jpg	Gymnocalycium mostii Template:Small	Argentina (Córdoba)
File:Gymnocalycium neuhuberi-IMG 6616.JPG	Gymnocalycium neuhuberi Template:Small	Argentina (San Luis)
File:Gymnocalycium nigriareolatum 1000.jpg	Gymnocalycium nigriareolatum Template:Small	Argentina (Catamarca, La Rioja)
File:Gymnocalycium moserianum.jpg	Gymnocalycium ochoterenae Template:Small	Argentina (San Luis, Córdoba)
File:Gymnocalycium oenanthemum (8416377851) (2).jpg	Gymnocalycium oenanthemum Template:Small	Argentina (Catamarca)
File:Succu Gymnocalycium paediophilum 01.jpg	Gymnocalycium paediophylum Template:Small	Paraguay.
File:Gymnocalycium fleischerianum c-4312 - 02A.jpg	Gymnocalycium paraguayense Template:Small	Paraguay.
File:Gymnocalycium pflanzii pm1.jpg	Gymnocalycium pflanzii Template:Small	Bolivia to Paraguay.
	Gymnocalycium pinalii Template:Small	Argentina (Córdoba)
	Gymnocalycium ponomarevae Template:Small	Argentina (Catamarca)
File:Gymnocalycium stellatum20100503 105.jpg	Gymnocalycium quehlianum Template:Small	Argentina (Córdoba).
File:Gymnocalycium ragonesii 7.JPG	Gymnocalycium ragonesei Template:Small	Argentina (Catamarca, Córdoba)
File:Gymnocalycium leeanum 4.JPG	Gymnocalycium reductum Template:Small	Argentina (Buenos Aires)
	Gymnocalycium rhodantherum Template:Small	Argentina (Salta, La Rioja, San Juan)
	Gymnocalycium ritterianum Template:Small	Argentina (La Rioja).
File:Gymnocalycium robustum JO1028.jpg	Gymnocalycium robustum Template:Small	Argentina (Córdoba: near Quilino)
File:Gymnocalycium saglionis 2019-06-09 02.jpg	Gymnocalycium saglionis Template:Small	Argentina
	Gymnocalycium sanluisense Template:Small	Argentina (San Luis).
File:Gymnocalycium pungens (schickendantzii), collections of Yuriy Shostak, Mykolaiv 01.jpg	Gymnocalycium schickendantzii Template:Small	Argentina (San Luis).
File:Gymnocalycium schroederianum.jpg	Gymnocalycium schroederianum Template:Small	Argentina to Uruguay.
File:Gymnocalycium spegazzinii 2 Succulents exhibition in Botanical Garden of Charles University 2016.jpg	Gymnocalycium spegazzinii Template:Small	Argentina.
File:2010. Выставка цветов в Донецке на день города 45.jpg	Gymnocalycium stenopleurum Template:Small	SE. Bolivia to N. Paraguay.
	Gymnocalycium striglianum Template:Small	Argentina (Mendoza, San Luis)
	Gymnocalycium taningaense Template:Small	Argentina (San Luis, Córdoba)
File:G.uebelmannianum WR 141.JPG	Gymnocalycium uebelmannianum Template:Small	Argentina (La Rioja)
File:Gymnocalycium uruguayense 1.JPG	Gymnocalycium uruguayense Template:Small	S. Brazil to Uruguay
	Gymnocalycium victorii Template:Small	Argentina (San Luis)
	Gymnocalycium volskyi Template:Small	Uruguay

Distribution

Their main area of distribution is Argentina, part of Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia and part of Brazil.<ref name="Plants of the World Online t974"/>

Gallery

• Gymnocalycium Liberec 1.jpg

  Gymnocalycium species from Liberec botanical garden

• Gymnocalycium Liberec 2.jpg

  Gymnocalycium species from Liberec botanical garden

• Gymnocalycium Liberec 3.jpg

  Gymnocalycium species from Liberec botanical garden

External links

• SucculentCity: Gymnocalycium Page
• The genus Gymnocalycium: Genus & Species information
• Template:Wikispecies-inline
• Template:Commons category-inline