HMS Kent (D12)
Template:Short description Template:Other ships Template:More citations needed Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use British English
Template:Infobox ship imageTemplate:Infobox ship careerTemplate:Infobox ship characteristicsHMS Kent was a batch-1 Template:Sclass2 destroyer of the Royal Navy. She and her sisters were equipped with the Sea Slug Mk-1 medium-range surface-to-air missile SAM system, along with the short-range Sea Cat SAM, two twin 4.5-inch gun turrets, two single 20mm cannon, ASW torpedo tubes, and a platform and hangar that allowed her to operate one Wessex helicopter. The County class were large ships, with good seakeeping abilities and long range, and were ideal blue-water ships for their time.
Construction and designEdit
Kent was one of two County-class destroyers ordered under the British Admiralty's 1956–57 shipbuilding programme.<ref name="Fried p192,330">Template:Harvnb</ref> She was laid down at Harland & Wolff's Belfast shipyard on 1 March 1960<ref name="Conways47 p508">Template:Harvnb</ref> and launched by Princess Marina, Duchess of Kent on 27 September 1961.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The ship was completed on 15 August 1963.<ref name="Conways47 p508"/>
Kent was Template:Convert long overall and Template:Convert between perpendiculars, with a beam of Template:Convert and a draught of Template:Convert. Displacement was Template:Convert normal and Template:Convert deep load.<ref name="Conways47 p508"/> The ship was propelled by a combination of steam turbines and gas turbines in a Combined steam and gas (COSAG) arrangement, driving two propeller shafts. Each shaft could by driven by a single Template:Convert steam turbine (fed with steam at Template:Convert and Template:Convert) from Babcock & Wilcox boilers<ref name="jfs71 p346">Template:Harvnb</ref>) and two Metrovick G6 gas turbines (each rated at Template:Convert), with the gas turbines being used for high speeds and to allow a quick departure from ports without waiting for steam to be raised.<ref>Template:Harvnb</ref> Maximum speed was Template:Convert and the ship had a range of Template:Convert at Template:Convert.<ref name="mar p110">Template:Harvnb</ref><ref name="Conways47 p508"/>
A twin launcher for the Seaslug anti-aircraft missile was fitted aft.<ref name="mar p110"/> The Seaslug GWS1 was a beam riding missile which had an effective range of about Template:Convert.<ref name="Fried p192">Template:Harvnb</ref> Up to 39 Seaslugs could be carried horizontally in a magazine that ran much of the length of the ship.<ref name="Fried p188">Template:Harvnb</ref><ref name="mar p102">Template:Harvnb</ref> Close-in anti-aircraft protection was provided by a pair of Seacat missile launchers, while two twin QF 4.5 inch Mark V gun mounts were fitted forward. A helicopter deck and hangar allowed a single Westland Wessex helicopter to be operated.<ref name="Conways47 p508"/>
A Type 965 long-range air-search radar and a Type 278 height-finding radar was fitted on the ship's mainmast, with a Type 992 surface/low level air search and target indication radar and an array of ESM aerials were mounted on the ship's foremast. Type 901 fire control radar for the Seaslug missile was mounted aft.<ref name="mar p105">Template:Harvnb</ref> Type 184 sonar was fitted.<ref name="Fried p192"/>
Operational serviceEdit
After her commissioning and work-up, Kent spent the balance of her career as an escort to the Royal Navy's aircraft carrier fleet. She deployed at various times with Template:HMS, Template:HMS, and Template:HMS in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. She was hard worked throughout the 1960s, along with her batch-1 County sister ships, as they were the only guided missile-armed destroyers in the fleet until the latter half of the 1960s.
One role was as host ship for the Withdrawal from Empire negotiations in Gibraltar (citation needed). She suffered a fire during refitting in 1976 but was soon repaired and was present for the Silver Jubilee fleet review of 1977.
In the late 1960s all four of the batch-1 County-class vessels were planned to be upgraded with the superior Sea Slug Mk-2 system, but the upgrades were cancelled in 1967–68 because the amount of time the ships would be out of the operational fleet while being refitted.<ref name="Fried p192-3">Template:Harvnb</ref> However, some batch-2 improvements were made during mid life refits, including upgrading the Seacat system from GWS21 to GWS22 and fitting Type 992Q target indicator radar instead of Type 992. Kent was refitted from June 1969 to December 1972.<ref>Template:Harvnb</ref><ref name="mar p106">Template:Harvnb</ref>
Decommissioning and harbour serviceEdit
Kent was decommissioned in the summer of 1980, after only 17 years of active service and became the replacement for Template:HMS and Fleet Training Ship (FTS), moored to the lower end of Whale Island outboard of the defunct support ship Template:HMS opposite Fountain Lake, Portsmouth Naval Base. At the beginning of the Falklands War, she was surveyed for possible recommissioning (her large size, helicopter deck and four 4.5-inch guns would have made her a good command and shore bombardment ship), but her two years of neglect left her in such a state that extensive repairs would be necessary to render her seaworthy, and no work was started.
She spent 1982 through to 1984 as a live asset for artificer and mechanic training supporting Template:HMS and Template:HMS, her machinery largely in serviceable condition.
In 1984 she also became a harbour training ship for the Sea Cadet Corps. She was paid off from this in 1987 and became a training hulk at Portsmouth until stricken in 1993, though she lingered on, tied up to the same pier at Portsmouth Naval Base until 1996.
Kent was sold for scrap, and in 1998 she was towed to India to be broken up.<ref>History : HMS Kent : Type 23 Frigates : Surface Fleet : Operations and Support : Royal Navy Template:Webarchive</ref>
Commanding officersEdit
Notable commanding officers include Iwan Raikes in 1968, Richard P Clayton between 1968 and 1969 and Jock Slater in 1976–1977.
ReferencesEdit
BibliographyEdit
- Template:Cite book
- {{#invoke:template wrapper|{{#if:|list|wrap}}|_template=cite book
|_exclude=case, year, _debug | last1 = Colledge | first1 = J. J. | author-link1= J. J. Colledge | last2 = Warlow | first2 = Ben | date = 2006 | orig-date = 1969 | title = Ships of the Royal Navy: {{#if:|The Complete Record of All Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy|The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy}} | edition = Rev. | location = London | publisher = Chatham Publishing | isbn = 978-1-86176-281-8
}}