Hurtigruten
Template:Short description Template:About Template:More citations needed Template:Update
Hurtigruten (Template:Lit), formally Kystruten Bergen-Kirkenes ("coastal route Bergen-Kirkenes"),<ref>https://www.vg.no/nyheter/meninger/i/dlOA6J/kystens-tapte-stolthet I dag heter det formelt Kystruten Bergen-Kirkenes.</ref> is a Norwegian public coastal route transporting passengers that travel locally, regionally, and between the ports of call, and also cargo between ports north of Tromsø.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Hurtigruten provides daily, year-round, and consistent traffic between Bergen and Kirkenes with 34 ports of call on northbound and 33 ports of call on southbound sailings. The Ministry of Transport and Communications in Norway has set minimum capacity requirements of 320 passengers, 120 berths, and cargo for 150 Euro-pallets. The current agreement with the privately held company Hurtigruten AS entered into force on 1 January 2012 and expired on 31 December 2019, with an optional 1-year extension. Since 2021, Havila Kystruten AS has operated alongside Hurtigruten AS on the coastal route.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
As of April 2022, one of the ships of Havila Kystruten, MS Havila Capella, was taken out of service; because of sanctions as a result of the 2022 Invasion of Ukraine, the ship no longer had insurance; "the 4 ships of" the company were at that time financed by a Russian company.<ref>https://www.nrk.no/vestland/_havila-capella_-ligger-fremdeles-i-bergen-1.15932809. NRK. Retrieved 14 April 2022</ref>
HistoryEdit
Hurtigruten was established in 1893 by government contract to improve communications along Norway's long, jagged coastline. Template:SS began the first round-trip journey from Trondheim on 2 July 1893 bound for Hammerfest, with calls at Rørvik, Brønnøysund, Sandnessjøen, Bodø, Svolvær, Lødingen, Harstad, Tromsø, and Skjervøy. The ship arrived at Svolvær on Monday 3 July at 8 pm after 35½ hours and at Hammerfest on Wednesday 5 July after 67 hours. She was commanded by the founder of the route Richard With. At that time this was the fastest route between northern and southern Norway, and this resulted in the route being named Hurtigruten (express route).<ref name=":1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> As of 2008, the Trondheim–Svolvær trip took 33 hours and the Trondheim–Hammerfest trip took 41 hours 15 min.Template:Citation needed
Before Hurtigruten opened, only Vesteraalens Dampskibsselskab was willing to make the trip through the then poorly-charted waters; the voyage was especially difficult during the long, dark winters. The company had for itself made detailed sailing instructions. Hurtigruten was a substantial breakthrough for communities along its path. Mail from central Norway to Hammerfest, which used to take three weeks in summer and five months in winter, could now be delivered in seven days.<ref name=":1" />
Encouraged by Vesteraalens' early success, several other shipping companies obtained a concession to operate the route, extended to run between Bergen in the southwest and Kirkenes in the far northeast. A fleet of 11 ships visits each of the 34 ports daily, both northbound and southbound.Template:Citation needed
Until the 1940s, most ports north of Trondheim could not be reached by road from Oslo, so the sea was the only means of access. Beginning in the 1960s, the role of Hurtigruten changed, in part because of the construction of a local airport network and road improvements. Operating subsidies were gradually phased out, and the operators put more emphasis on tourism. New, bigger, and more luxurious ships were introduced in the 1980s, with attention given to hot tubs, bars, restaurants, and other comforts. However, Hurtigruten still serves important passenger and cargo needs, and operates 365 days a year. The last two independent shipping companies, Ofotens og Vesteraalens Dampskibsselskab (OVDS) and Troms Fylkes Dampskibsselskap (TFDS), merged on 1 March 2006 as the Hurtigruten Group, a year later becoming Hurtigruten ASA. In 2015, Hurtigruten was delisted from the Oslo stock exchange after the company was acquired by the private equity group TDR Capital.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Bloomberg">Template:Cite news</ref>
New contractsEdit
The Ministry of Transport and Communications in Norway announced in 2017 that the Hurtigruten contract was split into three contracts. The contracts were put up for bid and in the end, two were granted to Hurtigruten AS and one to Havila Kystruten AS, with each operating seven and four ships respectively. The two companies alternate departure days for the entire route from Bergen to Kirkenes.<ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The four new vessels from Havila will run on LNG and battery power. LNG will cut CO₂ emissions by 25%, and the battery power will yield additional savings.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The vessels will be named Havila Capella, Havila Castor, Havila Polaris, and Havila Pollux. All four vessels were built at Tersan shipyard in Turkey.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Existing vessels from Hurtigruten will be modernized and renovated to meet the new requirements.<ref name=":0" /> MS Eirik Raude, MS Trollfjord and MS Otto Sverdrup are all getting modernized and renovated with a scandinavian interior style.
The ships will be fitted with filters and LNG-compatible engines to reduce emissions by 25%. The ships will also get hybrid motors, and battery packs.Template:Citation needed
Current fleetEdit
Template:Update As of 2024, this is a list of ships sailing on the Hurtigruten.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
| Name | Built | Gross tonnage | Notes | Image | Ref | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MS Vesterålen | 1983 | 6,261 | File:MS Vesterålen bei Åmnøya.jpg | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> | |
| MS Kong Harald | 1993 | 11,204 | File:Kong Harald Approaching Raftsundet.jpg | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> | |
| MS Richard With | 1993 | 11,205 | File:MS Richard With vor den Lofoten.jpg | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> | |
| MS Nordlys | 1994 | 11,204 | File:MS Nordlys in Hammerfest.jpg | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> | |
| MS Polarlys | 1996 | 11,341 | File:POLARLYS in Rørvik 2015-06.jpg | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> | |
| MS Nordkapp | 1996 | 11,386 | File:18-04-08 NORDKAPP IMO 9107772 11-06-03.jpg | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> | |
| MS Nordnorge | 1997 | 11,384 | File:Die "Nordnorge" legt in Rørvik an.jpg | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> | |
| MS Havila Capella | 2021 | 15,519 | File:Havila Capella i Hammerfest 2.jpg | |||
| MS Havila Castor | 2022 | 15,519 | File:Havila Castor.jpg | |||
| MS Havila Polaris | 2023 | 15,519 | File:9946910 Havila Polaris 2023.jpg | |||
| MS Havila Pollux | 2023 | 15,519 | File:Havila pollux.jpg |
Places visited on coastal routeEdit
In order, northbound: Template:Columns-list
Live television broadcastEdit
As part of its slow television series, the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation transmitted non-stop the Hurtigruten ship Template:MS's 134-hour voyage from Bergen to Kirkenes, which started on June 16, 2011.<ref name="NRK Beta">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Post-World War II accidents and incidentsEdit
Before World War II, a number of ships perished, usually because they ran aground in bad visibility.
Most of the Hurtigruten fleet was sunk during World War II.
In September 1954 Template:SS ran aground in Raftsundet at night. The ship started taking on water and eventually sank. Of the 157 passengers and 46 crew members on board, five died.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
On 8 January 1958, a fire broke out on board MS Erling Jarl while the vessel was docked at Bodø. Fourteen people died of smoke inhalation. Today a memorial to the incident stands at Bodø.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}Template:Dead link</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
On 21 October 1962 MS Sanct Svithun ran onto a reef in the maritime area Folda in Nord-Trøndelag because of a major navigational error after leaving Trondheim. Of 89 persons on board (passengers, crew and two postal officers) 41 died.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In 2011 Template:MS suffered an engine room fire, leading to two deaths among the crew.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
ReferencesEdit
NotesEdit
BibliographyEdit
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