Hydrangeaceae

File:繡球屬 Hydrangea hydrangeoides -溫哥華哥倫比亞大學植物園 UBC Botanical Garden, Vancouver- (40550612852).jpg

Hydrangea hydrangeoides, a member of the now-synonymised genus Schizophragma

Hydrangeaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Cornales, with a wide distribution in Asia and North America, and locally in southeastern Europe.<ref name="Christenhusz-Byng2016">Template:Cite journal</ref>

Description

The genera are characterised by leaves in opposite pairs (rarely whorled or alternate), and regular, bisexual flowers with four (rarely 5–12) petals. The fruit is a capsule or berry containing several seeds, the seeds with a fleshy endosperm.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Genera

The following genera are accepted:<ref name="77126637-1" >{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Carpenteria Torr.
• Deutzia Thunb.
• Fendlera Engelm. & A.Gray
• Fendlerella A.Heller
• Hydrangea Gronov. ex L.
• Jamesia Torr. & A.Gray
• Kirengeshoma Yatabe
• Philadelphus L.
• Whipplea Torr.

Phylogeny

The family Hydrangeaceae has two subfamilies, namely Jamesioideae and Hydrangeoideae. The subfamily Jamesioideae comprises the genera Jamesia and Fendlera.<ref name = "Kim et al., 2015">Kim, C., Deng, T., Wen, J., Nie, Z. L., & Sun, H. (2015). "Systematics, biogeography, and character evolution of Deutzia (Hydrangeaceae) inferred from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences." Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 87, 91-104.</ref><ref name = "Hufford et al., 2001"/> They are the sister group to the remaining Hydrangeaceae.<ref name = "Hufford et al., 2001"/><ref name = "Kubitzki, 2013">Kubitzki, K. (2013). "Flowering Plants. Dicotyledons: Celastrales, Oxalidales, Rosales, Cornales, Ericales." p. 206. Springer Berlin Heidelberg.</ref> The subfamily Hydrangeoideae has two tribes:<ref name = "Samain et al., 2010"/><ref name = "Hufford et al., 2001"/><ref name = "Kubitzki, 2013" /> Hydrangeae consists of Hydrangea s.l.,<ref name = "Samain et al., 2010">Samain, M. S., Wanke, S., & Goetghebeur, P. (2010). "Unraveling extensive paraphyly in the genus Hydrangea s.l. with implications for the systematics of tribe Hydrangeeae." Systematic Botany, 35(3), 593-600.</ref> and Philadelpheae consists of Philadelphus, Carpenteria, Deutzia, Kirengeshoma, Whipplea, and Fendlerella.<ref name = "Hufford et al., 2001">Hufford, L., Moody, M. L., & Soltis, D. E. (2001). "A phylogenetic analysis of Hydrangeaceae based on sequences of the plastid gene matK and their combination with rbcL and morphological data." International Journal of Plant Sciences, 162(4), 835-846.</ref><ref name = "Kubitzki, 2013" /> Carpenteria is the sister group to Philadelphus. Deutzia is the sister group to Kirengeshoma, and Fendlerella is the sister group to Whipplea.<ref name = "Kubitzki, 2013" /><ref name = "Kim et al., 2015"/><ref name = "Hufford et al., 2001" /> However the relationships among those three clades within the tribe Philadelphae are a bit unclear.<ref name = "Kubitzki, 2013" /> The following cladogram summarizes results from different studies, and for each node it is noted which studies support the sister group positions of the following branches: Template:Clade