I was glad

Template:Short description Template:About {{#invoke:Listen|main}} 'I was glad' (Template:Langx) is an English text drawn from selected verses of Psalm 122. It has been used at Westminster Abbey in the coronation ceremonies of British monarchs since those of King Charles I in 1626.<ref name=douglas>MacLeane, Douglas (1911), The Great Solemnity of the Coronation of the King and Queen of England According to the Use of the Church of England, George Allen & Company, London. (p. 69)</ref>

Text

The text accompanies the monarch's entrance into Westminster Abbey and was formalised in the 1662 Book of Common Prayer.<ref name=douglas />

1. I was glad when they said unto me : We will go into the house of the Lord.
2. Our feet shall stand in thy gates : O Jerusalem.
3. Jerusalem is built as a city : that is at unity in itself.
4. For thither the tribes go up, even the tribes of the Lord : to testify unto Israel, to give thanks unto the Name of the Lord.
5. For there is the seat of judgement : even the seat of the house of David.
6. O pray for the peace of Jerusalem : they shall prosper that love thee.
7. Peace be within thy walls : and plenteousness within thy palaces.
8. For my brethren and companions' sakes : I will wish thee prosperity.
9. Yea, because of the house of the Lord our God : I will seek to do thee good.

The selected verses (verses 4, 5, 8 and 9 are omitted) form a prayer for the peace and prosperity of Jerusalem, and its use in the coronation service clearly draws a parallel between Jerusalem and the United Kingdom.

'Vivat" interpolation

Since the coronation of King James II in 1685<ref name=tanner>>Tanner, Lawrence E (1934), Westminster School: A History, Country Life Ltd, London (p. 36)</ref> an additional non-biblical text is added to the psalm verses used in the Westminster Abbey ceremonies, i.e. the acclamation "Vivat Rex ... " or "Vivat Regina ... " ("Long live King/Queen ..."). By tradition this acclamation is made by King's or Queen's Scholars of Westminster School as the Sovereign passes through the Quire of Westminster Abbey.<ref name=hall>Hall. John (2012), Queen Elizabeth II and Her Church: Royal Service at Westminster Abbey, Bloomsbury Publishing, Template:ISBN] (p. 11)</ref>

"Vivat" pronunciation

The acclamation uses a variant of standard Latin pronunciation known as Anglicised Latin. Scholars of Classical Latin would pronounce the Vivat Regina as Template:Nowrap; those of Ecclesiastical Latin would pronounce it Template:Nowrap. The traditional English pronunciation when referring to the British monarch is Template:Nowrap.<ref name=tanner /> At the coronation of both a king and a queen, the vivat for the queen precedes that for the king.<ref name=hall />

Musical settings at British coronations

File:The Coronation of King Edward VII.jpg

Parry's setting was written for the King Edward VII in 1902

• 1626: King Charles I, no details<ref name=douglas />
• 1661: King Charles II, William Child and Thomas Tomkins<ref name =range>Range, Matthias (2012), Template:Doi-inline, Cambridge University Press, Template:ISBN (Template:Doi-inline)</ref>
• 1685: King James II, Henry Purcell and John Blow<ref name=range />

Pigott

• 1702: Queen Anne, Francis Pigott<ref name=range />
• 1714: King George I, Francis Pigott<ref name=range />
• 1727: King George II, Francis Pigott<ref name=range />

Boyce

• 1761: King George III, William Boyce<ref name =range />

Attwood

• 1821: King George IV, Thomas Attwood<ref>Gatens, William J (1987), Victorian Cathedral Music in Theory and Practice, Cambridge University Press, Template:ISBN (p. 84)</ref>
• 1831: King William IV, Thomas Attwood<ref name=range/>
• 1838: Queen Victoria, Thomas Attwood<ref name=range />

Parry

File:I Was Glad - Vivat.pdf

Different versions of Vivat acclamations<ref>Template:Cite tweet</ref>

• 1902: King Edward VII, Hubert Parry
  • Parry indicated in the score a space for an improvisatory fanfare between the King's and the Queen's "Vivat" acclamations<ref name=hall />
  • At the first performance of Parry's arrangement at the 1902 coronation the director of music Sir Frederick Bridge misjudged the timing and had finished the anthem before the King had arrived, having to repeat it when the right moment came. Bridge was saved by the organist, Walter Alcock, who improvised in the interim.<ref>Cowgill, Rachel and Rushton, Julian (2006) Europe, Empire, and Spectacle in Nineteenth-century British Music, Ashgate Publishing, Template:ISBN (pp. 124–125)</ref>
• 1911: King George V, Hubert Parry
  • Parry revised his 1902 version by adding an introduction, antiphonal choir effects and brass fanfares<ref name=range />
• 1953: Queen Elizabeth II, Hubert Parry<ref name=range />
  • At the coronation of Elizabeth II in 1953, the acclamation took the form of "Vivat Regina Elizabetha"<ref name=hall />
• 2023: King Charles III and Queen Camilla, Hubert Parry<ref name=adulterous />
  • At the coronation of Charles III and Camilla in 2023 the acclamation took the form of "Vivat Regina Camilla!" and "Vivat Rex Carolus!"<ref name=adulterous>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Use at other British royal events

Setting by Hubert Parry:

• 1945: National service of thanksgiving for VE Day at St Paul's Cathedral<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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• 1977: Silver Jubilee of Elizabeth II, national service of thanksgiving at St Paul's Cathedral<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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• 1982: Wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer at St Paul's Cathedral<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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• 2002: Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II, national service of thanksgiving at St Paul's Cathedral<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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• 2011: Wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton at Westminster Abbey.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
• 2022: Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II, national service of thanksgiving at St Paul's Cathedral<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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{{#invoke:Listen|main}}

Other complete or partial settings in English

• (n.d.): Richard Woodward
• (n.d.): Leo Sowerby
• 1879: John Goss
• 1902: Henry Marcellus Higgs.
  • This setting was distributed by the Church of England in an order of service for that year's Coronation Day to be used in its churches throughout His Majesty's Empire.<ref>The form and order of service recommended for use ... throughout His Majesty's Empire, on ... the Coronation day of their Majesties King Edward and Queen Alexandra. (London: Church of England, 1902) pp.3–9. Online resource: archive.org, accessed 14 June 2023.</ref>
• 1933: Herbert Howells.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• 1955: S. Drummond Wolff
• 1957: Robin Orr
• 1962: Healey Willan
• 1971: Peter Hallock

See also

• Laetare Sunday, which uses a similar introit
• Other settings of Psalm 122 in various languages.

External links

• Template:CPDL
• Template:CPDL
• Template:IMSLP. This contains Parry's holograph, with two pages apparently inserted for the 1911 coronation.
• Template:YouTube, Choir of St Paul's Cathedral at the 2002 Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II