Indiana State Fair
Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Use American English Template:Infobox recurring event The Indiana State Fair is an annual state fair that spans 15 days in August<ref name="IBJ"/> in Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S. The Indiana State Fair debuted in 1852 at Military Park in Indianapolis and is the sixth oldest state fair in the U.S.<ref name="Boomhower">Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref> It is the largest event in the state,<ref>Template:Cite report</ref> drawing between 730,000 and 980,000 visitors annually since 2010.<ref name="IBJ"/> In 2015, readers of USA Today ranked the Indiana State Fair among the ten best state fairs in the country.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The Indiana State Fairgrounds & Event Center has been the host site of the fair since 1892. Located about Template:Convert north of downtown Indianapolis, it encompasses Template:Convert, 72 buildings, a 6,000-seat grandstand, and a Template:Convert racetrack. The complex is home to year-round tenants and is used throughout the year for a variety of other gatherings, including trade shows, sporting events, and concerts.<ref name="Boomhower"/>
HistoryEdit
19th centuryEdit
In February 1851, at the urging of Governor Joseph Wright, the Indiana General Assembly passed an act intended "to encourage agriculture" growth in the state, which also included the formation of a State Board of Agriculture. A primary goal of the board was to organize an Indiana State Fair. Indiana was the sixth state to begin holding an annual statewide agricultural fair.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> On October 20–22, 1852, Indiana's first state fair was held on the grounds of what is now Military Park, west of downtown Indianapolis. In 1860 a new location for the fairgrounds was established on approximately Template:Convert along Alabama Street, north of the city.<ref>Template:Cite book; Template:Cite book; and Template:Cite book</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
During the American Civil War, the county fairgrounds was converted into Camp Morton, a prison camp for captured Confederate soldiers. In 1864, a sanitary fair was held as part of the larger state fair.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In 1865, the fair was held in Fort Wayne. The gates opened at the Indiana State Fairgrounds on East 38th Street for the first time on September 19, 1892. Since then, the fair has continually been held in Indianapolis.
The Indiana State Fair has been held in Indianapolis for the majority of its existence. Other Indiana cities hosted the event during the 19th century, including Lafayette (1853); Madison (1854); New Albany (1859); Fort Wayne (1865); and Terre Haute (1867).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
20th centuryEdit
There was no fair held in 1917 and 1918 because of World War I nor from 1942 to 1944 because of World War II.
On October 31, 1963, a propane tank exploded in the Indiana State Fair Coliseum, killing 54 at the scene; another 27 died due to their injuries, with a total of 81 people killed. Around another 400 were injured. It is the deadliest disaster in Indianapolis history.<ref name="Aisle 13">Template:Cite book</ref>
21st centuryEdit
Template:Further Historically, the fair lasted 12 days; however, it was expanded to 17 days (2009–2019), and then to 18 days (2021-2023). Starting in 2024, the event has been condensed down to 15 days.<ref name="IBJ"/>
On August 13, 2011, high winds from an approaching thunderstorm collapsed the roof over the grandstand stage just before Sugarland was about to perform, killing seven people and injuring 58.<ref name=WSJ>Wall Street Journal. Jack Nicas, "Faulty Planning, Stage Cited in Fair Collapse". April 12, 2012.</ref> Concerts were moved indoors to the Fairgrounds Coliseum, and, during that building's renovation in 2013, events were moved to Bankers Life Fieldhouse and Lucas Oil Stadium.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The coliseum reopened in 2014.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
The COVID-19 pandemic caused the cancellation of the 2020 fair. The fair resumed in 2021 with some social distancing measures, but masks were not required.<ref name="COVIDSafety">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="FewMasks">Template:Cite news</ref>
CompetitionsEdit
During each annual run of the Indiana State Fair, several competitions take place. The 4-H has a large participation in the fair and competitions are held in numerous areas for 4-H youth members. 4-H winners at county fairs can progress to the state fair with their livestock, crafts, gardening, or other exhibits. The winner at the state fair can, in some cases, advance to a national competition. The winners receive scholarships and other awards.
Other competitions also occur including art contests, a hot air balloon race, and a high school marching band contest, the Indiana State Fair Band Day on "Band Day". Adult competitions also occur in various farm-related categories.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The Indiana State Fairgrounds' mile-long oval track has hosted auto races for over a century. The AAA National Championship and USAC National Championship hosted car races in 1946 and from 1953 to 1970, traditionally under the name Hoosier Hundred. The USAC Silver Crown Series sanctioned the event since 1971. However, the track will be converted to a harness racing facility with an all-weather surface of crushed limestone. The half-mile dirt track in the infield will also be eliminated to allow more parking for the State Fair and other events.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The conversion was originally scheduled to occur after the 2019 race, but the conversion was delayed until 2021; the 2021 race was originally scheduled to still be run at the Fairgrounds, but was moved to the Terre Haute Action Track.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
EntertainmentEdit
MidwayEdit
The Midway is the area of amusement park rides and games. Fairgoers can either buy single-ride tickets or unlimited ride wristbands.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Midway rides operate from noon until 10 or 11 pm depending on the day.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
PerformancesEdit
Numerous nationally known entertainers have performed at the Indiana State Fair.
On September 3, 1964, The Beatles performed two sold-out shows to a total audience of nearly 30,000<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and, in 1989, New Kids on the Block set a Grandstand attendance record with 18,509 audience members.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The fair also presents Latino/Hispanic entertainment for Indiana's Hispanic population.
Presidential visitsEdit
In 1919, President Woodrow Wilson gave a speech to a crowd of 40,000 on a day known as "Big Thursday." Over the years, Presidents George W. Bush, Bill Clinton, John F. Kennedy, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Barack Obama, and Donald Trump have all made appearances at the fairgrounds.
AttendanceEdit
| Year | Attendance | Year | Attendance | Year | Attendance | Year | Attendance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1988 | 571,230 | 1998 | Template:Increase 728,724 | 2008 | Template:Increase 859,600 | 2018 | Template:Decrease 860,131 |
| 1989 | Template:Increase 593,676 | 1999 | Template:Increase 748,204 | 2009 | Template:Increase 973,902 | 2019 | Template:Increase 878,857 |
| 1990 | Template:Increase 639,335 | 2000 | Template:Increase 754,410 | 2010 | Template:Decrease 950,000 | 2020 | canceled |
| 1991 | Template:Increase 676,693 | 2001 | Template:Decrease 731,592 | 2011 | Template:Decrease 872,312 | 2021 | Template:Decrease 830,390 |
| 1992 | Template:Increase 722,218 | 2002 | Template:Increase 796,431 | 2012 | Template:Decrease 853,941 | 2022 | Template:Increase 837,568 |
| 1993 | Template:Decrease 689,924 | 2003 | Template:Increase 878,114 | 2013 | Template:Increase 978,296 | 2023 | Template:Increase 840,414 |
| 1994 | Template:Decrease 672,872 | 2004 | Template:Increase 900,365 | 2014 | Template:Decrease 954,884 | 2024 | Template:Increase 854,236 |
| 1995 | Template:Decrease 591,680 | 2005 | Template:Decrease 820,248 | 2015 | Template:Decrease 907,000 | ||
| 1996 | Template:Increase 701,021 | 2006 | Template:Increase 870,052 | 2016 | Template:Decrease 731,543 | ||
| 1997 | Template:Decrease 673,167 | 2007 | Template:Decrease 746,421 | 2017 | Template:Increase 906,732 |
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
- Official site Template:Webarchive
- "Indiana State Fair Highlights: Velocipedes, Lady Aviators, and “Better” Babies", Indiana Historical Bureau
Template:USAC tracks Template:USAC Silver Crown race venues Template:World of Outlaws Sprint Car Series race venues