Israeli agora
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The Agora (Template:IPAc-en; plural Agorot Template:IPAc-en;<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Template:Langx, Template:Abbr. Template:Script/Hebrew, Template:Transliteration) is a denomination of the currency of Israel. The Israeli currency – the Israeli new shekel (ILS)– is divided into 100 agorot.
HistoryEdit
The name agora refers to the subunits of three distinct Israeli currencies.
This name was used for the first time in 1960, when the Israeli government decided to change the subdivision of the Israeli pound (Template:Langx, lira) from 1,000 prutah to 100 agorot due to the currency's depreciation.<ref>Banknotes and Coins of Israel: 1927–2006, Yigal Arkin, Bank of Israel, Currency Dept., 2006, p.91</ref> The name was suggested by the Academy of the Hebrew Language, and was borrowed from the Hebrew Bible: Template:Text and translation
The term "piece of silver" appears in Hebrew as "agorat kessef".
In 1980 the Israeli pound was replaced by the shekel at a rate of IL10 per IS 1. The new subdivision of the shekel was named agora ẖadaša ("new agora"). There were 100 new agorot in 1 shekel. The high rate of inflation in Israel in the early 1980s forced the Israeli government to change the Israeli currency once again in 1985. The new shekel was introduced at a rate of 1000 S per 1 NS. The name agora was used once again for its subdivision. This time the term "new" was avoided, in order to prevent confusion with the older subdivision (the pre-1980 agora was long since out of circulation). Currently, the term agora refers to the 100th part of the new shekel. There are coins of 10 and 50 agorot, though the 50 agorot coin bears the inscription: "Template:Frac New Shekel".
The 1 agora coin was withdrawn from circulation on April 1, 1991 by the Bank of Israel,<ref>The Numismatist, American Numismatic Association, 1993, p.886</ref> as was the 5 agorot coin on January 1, 2008; in each case the value had shrunk to much less than the cost of production. Cash rounding has since been applied for purchases, such that the total price is now rounded to the nearest multiple of 10 agorot for payment in cash, but to 1 agora for payment by other means like payment cards or cheques.
IssuesEdit
Israeli poundEdit
| Image | Value | Technical parameters | Description | Date of | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diameter (mm) | Mass (g) | Composition | Obverse | Reverse | Issue | Withdrawal | ||
| File:1-Agora-hatashlad-RJP.jpg | 1 agora | 20 | 1.03 | aluminium 97%, magnesium 3% | Three ears of barley, "Israel" in Hebrew and Arabic | Value, date | 01.01.1960 | 22.02.1980 |
| File:Israel 5 agorot 1960 Obverse & Reverse.gif | 5 agorot | 17.5 | 2.30 (copper) 0.8 (alum.) | 1960—1975: copper 92%, aluminium 6%, nickel 2% | Three pomegranates, "Israel" in Hebrew and Arabic | |||
| File:Israel 10 agorot 1960 Obverse & Reverse.gif | 10 agorot | 21.5 | 4.15 (copper) 1.55 (alum.) | 1960—1977: copper 92%, aluminium 6%, nickel 2% | Palm tree, "Israel" in Hebrew and Arabic | |||
| File:25-Agorot-hatashlag-RJP.jpg | 25 agorot | 25.5 | 6.5 | copper 92%, aluminium 6%, nickel 2% | Kinnor (lyre-like musical instrument), "Israel" in Hebrew and Arabic | |||
| File:Israel half pound 1963 Obverse & Reverse.gif | ILTemplate:Frac | 24.5 | 6.8 | copper 75%, nickel 25% | The state emblem, "Israel" in Hebrew, Arabic and English | 12.09.1963 | 31.03.1984 | |
Old Israeli shekelEdit
| Image | Value | Technical parameters | Description | Date of | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diameter (mm) | Mass (g) | Composition | Obverse | Reverse | Issue | Withdrawal | ||
| File:1-New-Agora-aluminium-hatasham-RJP.jpg | Template:Nowrap | 15 | 0.6 | aluminium 97%, magnesium 3% | Palm tree, "Israel" in Hebrew and Arabic | Value, date | 24.02.1980 |
04.09.1986 |
| File:Israel 5 New Agorot 1980 Obverse & Reverse.gif | 5 new agorot | 18.5 | 0.9 | The state emblem, "Israel" in Hebrew, Arabic and English | ||||
| File:Israel 10 New Agorot 1980 Obverse & Reverse.gif | Template:Nowrap | 16 | 2.1 | copper 92%, nickel 8% | Three pomegranates, the state emblem, "Israel" in Hebrew, Arabic and English | |||
| File:0.5-Shekel-hatasham-RJP.jpg | ISTemplate:Frac | 20 | 3 | copper 75%, nickel 25% | Lion, the state emblem, "Israel" in Hebrew, Arabic and English | Value, date, two stars | ||
- Note that all dates on Israeli coins are given in the Hebrew calendar and are written in Hebrew numerals.
Israeli new shekelEdit
| Image | Value | Technical parameters | Description | Date of | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diameter | Thickness | Mass | Composition | Edge | Obverse | Reverse | Issue | Withdrawal | ||
| File:Israel 1 Agora 1985 Obverse & Reverse.jpg | Template:Nowrap | 17 mm | 1.2 mm | 2 g | Aluminium bronze 92% copper 6% aluminium 2% nickel |
Plain | Ancient galley, the state emblem, "Israel" in Hebrew, Arabic and English | Value, date | 4 September 1985 | 1 April 1991 |
| File:Israel 5 Agorot 1985 Edge, Obverse & Reverse.jpg | 5 agorot | 19.5 mm | 1.3 mm | 3 g | Replica of a coin from the fourth year of the war of the Jews against Rome depicting a lulav between two etrogim, the state emblem, "Israel" in Hebrew, Arabic and English | 1 January 2008 | ||||
| File:Israel 10 Agorot 1985 Edge, Obverse & Reverse.jpg | Template:Nowrap/ | 22 mm | 1.5 mm | 4 g | Replica of a coin issued by Antigonus II Mattathias with the seven-branched candelabrum, the state emblem, "Israel" in Hebrew, Arabic and English | Current | ||||
| File:Israel Half New Sheqel 1985 Edge, Obverse & Reverse.jpg | Template:Nowrap | 26 mm | 1.6 mm | 6.5 g | Lyre, the state emblem | Value, date, "Israel" in Hebrew, Arabic and English | ||||
- Note that all dates on Israeli coins are given in the Hebrew calendar and are written in Hebrew numerals.
See alsoEdit
Template:Historical currencies of Israel