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Johannes Heesters

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Johan Marius Nicolaas Heesters (5 December 1903 – 24 December 2011), known professionally as Johannes Heesters, was a Dutch-German actor of stage, television and film, as well as a vocalist of numerous recordings and performer on the concert stage with a career dating back to the 1920s. He worked as an actor until his death and is one of the oldest performing entertainers in history, performing shortly before his death at the age of 108. Heesters was almost exclusively active in the German-speaking world from the mid-1930s and became a film star in Nazi Germany, which later led to controversy in his native country.<ref>'Heesters was Methusalem van Nederlandse podiumkunsten' Template:In lang</ref> He was able to maintain his popularity in Germany in the decades until his death.

Early lifeEdit

File:Johan "Johannes" Heesters Birth Record.jpg
Record of Heesters' birth
File:Young Heesters.png
Heesters in 1919

Heesters was born in Amersfoort, Netherlands, the youngest of four sons. His father Jacobus Heesters (1865–1946) was a salesman and his mother Geertruida Jacoba van den Heuvel (1866–1951), a homemaker.

Heesters was fluent in German from an early age, having lived for several years in the household of a German great uncle from Bavaria.<ref>Peter Czada/Günter Große: Comedian Harmonists. Ein Vokalensemble erobert die Welt, p. 15, Edition Hentrich, Berlin 1993; Template:ISBN</ref> Heesters decided to become an actor and a singer at the age of 16 and began vocal training. He specialized in Viennese operetta very early in his career, and made his Viennese stage debut in 1934 in Carl Millöcker's Der Bettelstudent (The Beggar Student).

Nazi GermanyEdit

Aged 31, Heesters permanently moved to Germany with his wife and daughters in 1935. His signature role was Count Danilo Danilovich in Franz Lehár's {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} (The Merry Widow). His version of Count Danilo's entrance song, "{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}", was well known. During his time in Germany, he performed for Adolf Hitler and visited the Dachau concentration camp, which made him a controversial figure for many Dutch.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Joseph Goebbels placed Heesters on the Gottbegnadeten list as an artist considered crucial to Nazi culture; he was the only non-German included.<ref>"Goebbels' Gottbegnadeter" by Alfred Wagner, Jüdische Allgemeine, 11 December 2008. Template:In lang</ref>

Heesters funded the German war machine by donating money to the weapons industry.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> This helped to make him a very controversial figure in the late 1970s. Heesters always denied these accusations despite reliable evidence.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

He befriended several high-ranking Nazi-officials and SS-officers.<ref>Jürgen Trimborn Der Herr im Frack, Johannes Heesters: Biographie, p.?</ref> Hitler is known to have been an avid admirer of his acting skills.<ref>"De favoriet van Hitler", Metro (Netherlands), quoted at Koelman.com (14 February 2008) Template:In lang]</ref><ref>Hanna Inber Win, "Johannes Heesters: Singer Known As Hitler's Favorite Has Libel Case Thrown Out", The Huffington Post, 21 December 2008</ref>

At the same time, Heesters was idolized by the Swingboy subculture, who admired his pale face and combed long black hair and tried to copy his attire. His style contrasted that promoted by the Hitlerjugend.<ref name="Massaquoi">»Neger, Neger, Schornsteinfeger!«: Meine Kindheit in Deutschland, page 155, Hans J. Massaquoi, S. Fischer Verlag, Template:ISBN.</ref>

Heesters met Hitler several times,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> especially in the role of Count Danilo.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Throughout the war, Heesters continued to perform for German soldiers in camps and barracks. According to German author Volker Kühn, Heesters performed for the SS at the Dachau concentration camp. Kühn cites as evidence the testimony of a Dachau inmate, Viktor Matejka, who worked for the SS and told Kühn he pulled the curtain when Heesters performed in 1941.<ref>"Der Sänger will nur geredet haben", Süddeutsche Zeitung (27 November 2008) Template:In lang</ref><ref>"Schlagabtausch um Heesters' KZ-Auftritt" Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, 27 November 2008. Template:In lang</ref> According to German writer Jürgen Trimborn however, the interview with Matejka may not be reliable as it occurred some 50 years after the performance was said to have taken place.<ref>"Experte sieht keine Beweise für Heesters-Auftritt im KZ Dachau" Neue Musikzeitung, 24 October 2008. Template:In lang</ref>

In December 2009, Heesters lost his libel suit against Kühn.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> While acknowledging having visited the camp, he denied having performed as entertainment for the SS troops. In its ruling, the German court did not find whether Kühn's allegations were true, but rather that too much time had passed for an accurate determination of fact to be made.<ref>Case citation: Kammergericht Berlin 10 U 6/09</ref>

After the warEdit

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File:JopieundWiske.jpg
Heesters with his future wife, Louisa Ghijs, in 1928

Heesters worked extensively for UFA until almost the end of the Second World War (his last wartime movie being Die Fledermaus, produced in 1945) and easily made the transition from the Nazi-controlled cultural scene to post-war Germany and Austria, appearing again in a number of films. These included {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} and the 1957 version of {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}. He stopped making movies around 1960 to concentrate on stage and television appearances and on producing records.

In later years, Heesters spoke fondly of Hitler as a person, but condemned his political stance.<ref>"Historiker darf weiter von Heesters' SS-Auftritt sprechen", Der Spiegel (16 December 2008) Template:In lang</ref> In the 1990s, he and his wife toured Germany and Austria with Curth Flatow's play {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} (A Blessed Age), which was also televised in 1996. On 5 December 2003, he celebrated his 100th birthday with a television special {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} (A legend turns 100) on the ARD television channel. He received the title "{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}". In December 2004, at the age of 101, Heesters appeared in Stuttgart at the {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} theatre in a show commissioned on the occasion of his 100th birthday, {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}. In 2005, at the age of 102, he was featured as a soloist in a major concert tour with the {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} under the direction of Scott Lawton. On 5 December 2006, Heesters celebrated his 103rd birthday with a concert at the {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}. On 5 December 2007, he celebrated his 104th birthday with a concert at the Admiralspalast, Berlin. Then in February 2008, he performed in his home country for the first time in four decades amidst protests against his Nazi associations.Template:Citation needed

On 13 December 2008, at the age of 105, Heesters apologised for calling Adolf Hitler a "good chap" on the popular German TV show {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}. He stated that he had said something stupid and horrible and asked for forgiveness.<ref>Silke Burmester, "Mr. Sexy meets Ministerin", Der Spiegel, 14 December 2008. Template:In lang]</ref> German media suggested that he had failed to understand the show's satirical nature.<ref>Thomas Burmeister, "Hitler war ein guter Kerl", Stern, 4 December 2008. Template:In lang</ref>

Heesters played smaller roles in his last years, as he began to lose his eyesight due to macular degeneration and could not perform on stage for long periods of times. Unable to read a teleprompter, he had to memorize his lines before a show. He played in the 2011 short film Ten as Simon Petrus and made his last stage appearance on 31 October 2011 in Munich.<ref>Heesters last appearance was a unique experience for all, abendblatt.de; accessed 27 January 2016.</ref>

Personal lifeEdit

File:Simone Rethel.jpg
Heesters' second wife Simone Rethel

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"My secret to a long, healthy life is love and passion; age differences do not matter."{{#if:Johannes Heesters, December 2010<ref>"Johannes Heesters (106): Seine zehn Geheimnisse für ein langes Leben" by Frank Gerdes, Das Neue Blatt, quoted at Wunderweib.de; accessed 27 January 2016. Template:In lang</ref>|{{#if:|}}

— {{#if:|, in }}Template:Comma separated entries

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Heesters had two daughters by his first wife Louisa Ghijs, whom he married in 1930. After her death in 1985, he remarried in 1992. His second wife, Simone Rethel (born 1949), is a German actress, painter, and photographer. His younger daughter Nicole Heesters is a well-known actress in the German-speaking world, as is his granddaughter Saskia Fischer.

On 1 January 2008, he fell down some stairs in his holiday home in Tyrol and broke two ribs.<ref>"Johannes Heesters geht es besser", Der Spiegel, 2 January 2008.</ref>

In December 2010, 107-year-old Heesters announced that he had quit smoking for his then 61-year-old wife: "She should have me as long as possible."<ref>Eric Kelsey, "Actor Johannes Heesters Quits Smoking – at age 107", Reuters, 3 December 2010.</ref>

On 31 October 2011, Heesters gave his last public performance at the Bayrischer Hof in Munich.<ref>http://m.fnp.de/nachrichten/politik/tagesthema/Heesters-letzter-Auftritt-Einmaliges-Erlebnis-fuer-alle;art742,442251 Template:Dead link</ref> Four weeks later, on 29 November 2011, he developed a fever, and was rushed into the hospital.<ref>"Johannes Heesters muss Zwangspause einlegen", Berliner Morgenpost, 30 November 2011</ref> He was fitted with a heart pacemaker and following a good recovery was allowed to go home less than a week later on 4th December 2011 just in time to spend his 108th birthday the next day with family. He did not feel strong enough to make the planned stage appearance to sing in celebration of his birthday and also had missed the premiere of his last film, Ten. Due to a relapse in his condition, on 17 December he was readmitted to the hospital where he subsequently suffered a stroke,<ref>A legend leaves the stage: Johannes Heesters, 1903–2011 Template:Webarchive</ref> dying on Christmas Eve in 2011.<ref>"Johannes Heesters ist Tot", Berliner Morgenpost, 24 December 2011.Template:In lang</ref><ref>Gayathri, Amrutha (26 December 2011). "Hitler's Favorite Actor Dead at 108". International Business Times; accessed 27 January 2016.</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> He was survived by two daughters, five grandchildren, eleven great-grandchildren and three great-great-grandchildren.<ref>Heesters survivors</ref>

DiscographyEdit

File:Johannes Heesters.jpg
Heesters in 2006

Albums

  • 1965: {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
  • 2003: {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}

Singles

  • 1937: "{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}"
  • 1939: "{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}" (featuring Marika Rökk)
  • 1941: "{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}"
  • 1941: "{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}"
  • 1949: "{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}"
  • 1949: "{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}"
  • 1998: "{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}"
  • 2007: "{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}" (featuring Claus Eisenmann)

Honours, decorations, awardsEdit

  • 1984: Bavarian Order of Merit
  • 1993: Berlinian Order of Merit
  • 2000: Ring of Honour of the City of Vienna
  • Bambi in 1967, 1987, 1990, 1997, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011
  • 2001: Platinum Romy (TV award)
  • 2003: {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
  • 2004: {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}

FilmographyEdit

File:Herr Heesters.png
Heesters as Franz Joseph I of Austria (2008)

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TelevisionEdit

  • 1956: Meine Schwester und ich (TV film) - Dr. Roger Fleuriot
  • 1960: Am grünen Strand der Spree (TV miniseries) - Graf Chiaroscuro
  • 1968: Unsere liebste Freundin (TV film) - Christian Bach-Nielsen
  • 1973: Template:Ill (TV film) - Prince Felice Baciocchi
  • 1973: Hallo – Hotel Sacher … Portier!: Opernball (TV series episode) - Marinus de Ryder
  • 1974: Hochzeitsnacht im Paradies (TV film) - Dr. Hansen
  • 1980: Liebe bleibt nicht ohne Schmerzen (TV film) - Narrator
  • 1982: Sonny Boys (TV film) - Al Lewis
  • 1984: Beautiful Wilhelmine (TV miniseries) - Marschall Keith
  • 1991: Altes Herz wird nochmal jung (TV film)
  • 1991-1993: Zwei Münchner in Hamburg (TV series, 33 episodes) - Konsul Thaddäus van Daalen
  • 1995: Zwei alte Hasen: Grandhotel (TV series episode) - Jan van Houten
  • 1996: Ein gesegnetes Alter (TV film)
  • 1999: Theater: Momo (TV film) - Meister Hora
  • 2001: Otto – Mein Ostfriesland und mehr
  • 2003: In aller Freundschaft: Zurück ins Leben (TV series episode) - Prof. Dr. Junghans
  • 2008: Wege zum Glück (TV series episode) - Arbeitgeber Johannes Heesters

ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

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