José María Gil-Robles

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José María Gil-Robles y Gil-Delgado (17 June 1935 – 13 February 2023) was a Spanish lawyer and politician. He was a Member of the European Parliament in the European People's Party group, and was President of the European Parliament from 1997 to 1999.<ref>European Parliament page</ref>

Early lifeEdit

José María Gil-Robles was born on 17 June 1935 in Madrid, during the Spanish Second Republic. He was the son of José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones, leader of the CEDA and a prominent figure in the period leading up to the Spanish Civil War, and Carmen Gil-Delgado Armada. Thus, he was grandson of Carlist theorist Enrique Gil Robles and brother of Álvaro Gil-Robles, who was the second Ombudsman of Spain between 1988 and 1993.<ref name="abc">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="eldebate">Template:Cite news</ref>

Due to the Civil War, the family went into exile in Estoril, Portugal. Gil-Robles, in 1953, returned to Spain to study Law at the University of Deusto, from which he graduated with an Extraordinary Prize.<ref name=eldebate /><ref name=abc /> In 1959 he became a lawyer in the Francoist Courts, a position he held during the Spanish transition to democracy and the democratic Congress of the Deputies.<ref name=abc /> He was also editor of the "Boletín de Legislación extranjera" (Foreign Legislation Bulletin) and between 1959 and 1964 he was a professor of Political Law at the Complutense University of Madrid.<ref name=abc /> Between 1959 and 1997 and from 1999 onwards he practiced law and since 1974 he has published several legal works related to the restoration of democracy and to parliamentary and public law.<ref name=abc /> In 2004, Gil-Robles obtained the "Jean Monnet" Chair at the Complutense University of Madrid.<ref name=abc />

Political careerEdit

File:2mai982.jpg

Gil-Robles (second from right) in 1998.

In 1989, and after the re-foundation of People's Party, Marcelino Oreja asked Gil-Robles to accompany him in the candidacy for the 1989 European Parliament election.<ref name=eldebate /> Gil-Robles was elected member of the European Parliament in the elections that took place in July, as part of the European People's Party, party of which he was vice-president between 1990 and 1992.<ref name=eldebate /><ref name=abc />

In 1994, after being re-elected MEP in the 1994 election, he was appointed Vice-President of the European Parliament, a position he held until 1997.<ref name=abc /> In January of that year he was elected President of the European Parliament after obtaining a large majority of 338 votes,<ref name=euro /> office he held until 1999.<ref name=abc /> This position allowed him to play a key role in the negotiation of the Treaty of Amsterdam of 1997, treaty that expanded the powers of the European Parliament.<ref name=euro /> He also oversaw the beginning of negotiations of the accession of new state members to the European Union, and the approval of the Agenda 2000.<ref name=eldebate /><ref name="euro">Gil-Robles, una larga carrera entre el derecho y la política europea Template:In lang</ref> He also had to manage the institutional crisis after the resignation of the Santer Commission.<ref>José Maria Gil-Robles y Gil-Delgado, demócrata español y europeo Template:In lang</ref>

In the 1999 European Parliament election Gil-Robles was reelected member of the European Parliament and succeeded on 20 July by Nicole Fontaine as its president.<ref name=euro /> In the 2004 elections he no longer repeated as an MEP.<ref name=eldebate />

Gil-Robles was president of the Jean Monnet Foundation for Europe between 2009 and 2014.<ref name=euro />

Personal life and deathEdit

He was married to Magdalena Casanueva, with whom he had four children.<ref name=euro />

Gil-Robles died on 13 February 2023, at the age of 87.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

HonoursEdit

Robert Schuman Medal, EPP Group (1995).
Grand Cross of the Order of Isabella the Catholic (2000).<ref>Real Decreto 485/2000, de 7 de abril, por el que se concede la Gran Cruz de la Orden de Isabel la Católica a don José María Gil-Robles y Gil-Delgado. Template:In lang</ref> and the Grand Cross of Civil Merit (Spain).

ReferencesEdit

Template:Reflist

External linksEdit

José Maria Gil-Robles's archives at the "Fondation Jean Monnet"

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