Kurt Reidemeister
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Kurt Werner Friedrich Reidemeister (13 October 1893 – 8 July 1971) was a mathematician born in Braunschweig (Brunswick), Germany.
LifeEdit
He was a brother of Marie Neurath. Beginning in 1912, he studied in Freiburg, Munich, Marburg, and Göttingen. In 1920, he got the {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} (master's degree) in mathematics, philosophy, physics, chemistry, and geology. He received his doctorate in 1921 with a thesis in algebraic number theory at the University of Hamburg under the supervision of Erich Hecke.<ref name="MacTutor">Template:MacTutor Biography</ref><ref name="JDMV">Template:Cite journal</ref><ref name="MathAnn">Template:Cite journal</ref>
He became interested in differential geometry; he edited Wilhelm Blaschke's second volume on the topic,<ref>Wilhelm Blaschke, Vorlesungen über Differentialgeometrie, Springer, Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften, 1921-1929, vol. 2: Affine Differentialgeometrie</ref> and both made an acclaimed contribution to the Jena DMV conference in September 1921.<ref>Jahresversammlung in Jena vom 18.—25. September 1921, Jahresbericht der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung, vol.30, p.27-28, 1921</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
In October 1922<ref name="JDMV"/><ref name="MathAnn"/> or 1923<ref name="MacTutor"/> he was appointed assistant professor at the University of Vienna. While there he became familiar with the work of Wilhelm Wirtinger on knot theory, and became closely connected to Hans Hahn and the Vienna Circle. Its 1929 manifesto lists one of Reidemeister's publications<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> in a bibliography of closely related authors.
In 1925 he became a full professor at the University of Königsberg; he stayed until 1933, when he was regarded politically unsound by the Nazis and dismissed from his position. Whilst there he organised the Second Conference on the Epistemology of the Exact Sciences in conjunction with journal Erkenntnis.<ref name="Stadler">Template:Cite book</ref>
Blaschke managed to get a promise about Reidemeister's reappointment, and in autumn 1934 he got the chair of Kurt Hensel at the University of Marburg. He stayed there, except for a visit to the Princeton Institute for Advanced Study in 1948–1950, until he got appointed to Göttingen University in 1955, where he stayed until his emeritation.<ref name="MacTutor"/><ref name="JDMV"/><ref name="MathAnn"/>
WorksEdit
Reidemeister's interests were mainly in combinatorial group theory, combinatorial topology, geometric group theory, and the foundations of geometry. His works include Knoten und Gruppen (1926), Einführung in die kombinatorische Topologie (1932), and Knotentheorie (1932). He co-edited the journal Mathematische Annalen from 1947 until 1963.<ref>Title page of vol.274 (1986)</ref> He was also a philosopher. His book "Das exakte Denken der Griechen" (1949) is not as well known as his mathematical work. In it he remarks that mathematical thought is "just the beginning of thought".