Le Cordon Bleu

Template:Short description Template:About {{#invoke:Infobox|infobox}}Template:Template otherTemplate:Main other{{#if:Le_Cordon_Bleu_logo.jpg|Template:Main other }}{{#if:|Template:Main other }}{{#if:|Template:Main other }}{{#invoke:check for unknown parameters|check |unknown=Template:Main other|preview=Page using Template:Infobox university with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y | academic_affiliation | academic_affiliations | academic_staff | accreditation | address | administrative_staff | affiliation | affiliations | athletics_affiliations | athletics_nickname | athletics_nicknames | budget | campus | campus_type | campus_size | canton | caption | chair | chairman | chairperson | chancellor | city | closed | colors | colours | coor | coordinates | country | dean | director | doctoral | embedded | endowment | enrollment | established | faculty | footnotes | former_name | former_names | founder | founders | free | free1 | free2 | free_label | free_label1 | free_label2 | head | head_label | image | image_alt | image_name | image_size | image_upright | language | latin_name | location | logo | logo_alt | logo_size | logo_upright | map_size | mascot | mascots | module | motto | mottoeng | motto_lang | mottoeng | name | native_name | native_name_lang | nickname | nrhp | officer_in_charge | other | other_name | other_names | other_students | parent | postalcode | postcode | postgrad | prefecture | president | principal | province | provost | pushpin_label_position | pushpin_map | pushpin_map_caption | rector | region | religious_affiliation | sporting_affiliations | sports_free | sports_free1 | sports_free2 | sports_free3 | sports_free_label | sports_free_label1 | sports_free_label2 | sports_free_label3 | sports_nickname | sports_nicknames | state | students | superintendent | top_free | top_free1 | top_free2 | top_free_label | top_free_label1 | top_free_label2 | total_staff | type | undergrad | vice_chancellor | vice-president | vice_president | visitor | website | zipcode }}{{#invoke:Check for clobbered parameters|check | template = Infobox university | cat = Template:Main other | image; image_name | other_names; other_name | former_names; former_name | founders; founder | academic_affiliations; academic_affiliation | academic_staff; faculty | campus_type; campus | other_students; other | location; address | location; city | location; address | location; canton | location; prefecture | location; province | location; region | location; state | location; country | location; postalcode | location; postcode | location; zipcode | postalcode; postcode; zipcode | coordinates; coor | colors; colours | free_label; free_label1 | free; free1 | athletics_nicknames; sports_nicknames; athletics_nickname; sports_nickname; nickname | athletics_affiliations; sporting_affiliations | affiliation; affiliations | mascots; mascot | nrhp; embedded; module }}

Le Cordon Bleu ({{#invoke:IPA|main}}; French: "The Blue Ribbon"; LCB) is a French hospitality and culinary education institution, teaching haute cuisine. Its educational focuses are hospitality management, culinary arts, and gastronomy. The institution consists of 35 institutes in 20 countries and has over 20,000 attendees.<ref name="official">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

History

File:Le duc de Saint-Aignan donnant à Rome au prince Vaini le cordon de l'ordre du Saint-Esprit.jpg

Duc de Saint-Aignan holding the Blue Ribbon with the Order of the Holy Spirit.

The origin of the school name derives, indirectly, from the French Royal and Catholic Order of the Holy Spirit. This was a select group of the French nobility that had been knighted. The first creation of Royal Knights at the French Court was performed in 1578. The French Order of the Holy Spirit was for many centuries the highest distinction of the French Kingdom. Each member was awarded the Cross of the Holy Spirit, which hung from a blue silk ribbon. According to one story, this group became known for its extravagant and luxurious banquets, known as "cordons bleus". At the time, of the French Revolution, the monarchy and the Order were abolished, but the name remained synonymous with excellent French cooking. By the nineteenth century the blue ribbon had become synonymous with excellence.<ref name= brief /> The name was adopted by a French culinary magazine, La Cuisinière Cordon Bleu, founded by Marthe Distel in the late 19th century.<ref name= brief>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} This correlates to accounts in the school's introductory text of Le Cordon Bleu at Home and other books.</ref> The magazine began offering lessons by some of the best chefs in France.

The magazine developed into the original Le Cordon Bleu that Distel and Henri-Paul Pellaprat established in 1895 in Paris, France.<ref name= brief/> In 1945, after the end of WWII, Madame Elisabeth Brassart purchased what remained of the struggling school from a Catholic orphanage which had inherited it after Distel died in the late 1930s.<ref name=way>Template:Cite book</ref> Brassart managed the school until 1984; at the age of 87 she retired and sold the school to André J. Cointreau,<ref name="Los Angeles Times">"Profile of Andre Cointreau". Los Angeles Times.</ref> a direct descendant of the founding family of Cointreau liqueur and Rémy Martin Cognac.

Other countries

In 1933, former student Dione Lucas helped to open a school under the Le Cordon Bleu name in London, Great Britain.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In the United States, 16 schools used to operate under the "Le Cordon Bleu North America" name through a licensing agreement with Career Education Corporation (CEC), a for-profit education company based in Chicago, Illinois.<ref name=ined/> In 2009, the license was estimated to be worth $135 million.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2014, Le Cordon Bleu North America generated $178.6 million in revenue and $70.6 million of operating losses.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> However, in light of the gainful employment rules implemented by the US Department of Education in 2015, CEC made the decision to sell the 16 campuses. When CEC failed to find a buyer<ref name=ined/><ref name=discont>Cordonbleu.edu/usa: Le Cordon Bleu USA discontinuing in the USA acknowledgment. accessed 21 December 2015.</ref><ref name=davis>Template:Cite news</ref> it announced on 16 December 2015 that all 16 campuses in the United States would close by September 2017, giving enrolled students time to finish their programs.<ref name=discont/><ref name=usclosure>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} |Retrieved December 17, 2015</ref><ref name=ined>Inside Higher Ed Blog: "Career Ed Corp Closing Down Le Cordon Bleu Operations", 17 December 2015.</ref> The last new students were accepted in January 2016.<ref name=discont/><ref name=ined/> In June 2016, the Securities and Exchange Commission requested documents and information regarding Career Education's fourth quarter 2014 classification of its Le Cordon Bleu campuses.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Le Cordon Bleu has continued to maintain a presence in the United States through its New York office, Le Cordon Bleu Inc., which places students in the locations abroad.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Cities with schools

Campuses in Europe<ref name="official"/>

• Paris, France
• London, Great Britain
• Madrid, Spain
• Istanbul, Turkey

Campuses in the Americas <ref name="official"/>

• Brazil
  • Rio de Janeiro
  • São Paulo
• Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
• Mexico
  • Mexico City
  • Tampico
• Lima, Peru

Campuses in Oceania<ref name="official"/>

• Australia
  • Adelaide
  • Brisbane
  • Melbourne
  • Sydney
• Wellington, New Zealand

Campuses in Asia<ref name="official"/>

• Shanghai, China
• Beirut, Lebanon
• Gurgaon, India
• Tokyo, Japan
• Seoul, Korea
• Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
• Kaohsiung, Taiwan
• Bangkok, Thailand
• Manila, Philippines

In popular culture

Le Cordon Bleu played in central role in the 2009 American film Julie & Julia, which was partly based on Julia Child's memoir My Life in France.<ref>Grimes, William. "Julia Child's Memoir of When French Was Scary", The New York Times, 8 April 2006.</ref> In addition, central protagonists in other films attended or were graduates of Le Cordon Bleu such as Audrey Hepburn's character in the 1954 American film Sabrina, Huo Ting En in the 2017 Taiwanese television series The Perfect Match, Dev D in the 2017 Bengali film Maacher Jhol and Hervé Villechaize's character Nick Nack in the 1974 James Bond film The Man with the Golden Gun.

The school also plays a central role in publications by its students. For example, American writer Kathleen Flinn's 2007 book The Sharper Your Knife, the Less You Cry, is the first insider's account of attending the modern Paris flagship school.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Flinn's best-selling memoir recounts the day-to-day trials of the contemporary program and provides a further history of the school. The book was translated into several languages.<ref>'The Sharper Your Knife, the Less You Cry'</ref>

Alumni

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

• Alumni of the Paris location include Julia Child, Csaba dalla Zorza, Giada De Laurentiis, Isabel Campabadal, Dame Mary Berry, Gastón Acurio, Teresa Ocampo, Renatta Moeloek, Jesselyn Lauwreen, Gabie Kook and Shahrzad Shokouhivand.
• Alumni of the Los Angeles location include David Burtka, Kelis and Sicily Sewell.
• Alumni of the Pasadena location include Charity Morgan and Evan Funke.
• Alumni of the London location include Princess Marie-Astrid of Liechtenstein

See also

• Template:C
• French cuisine

External links

• Template:Official website