Lilium lancifolium
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Lilium lancifolium (syn. L. tigrinum) is an Asian species of lily, native to China, Japan, Korea, and the Russian Far East.<ref name=POWO_537628-1/> It is widely planted as an ornamental because of its showy orange-and-black flowers, and sporadically occurs as a garden escapee in North America, particularly the eastern United States including New England,<ref name=flora-of-northamerica-online/> and has made incursions into some southern states such as Georgia.<ref>Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map</ref>
It has the English name tiger lily, but that name has been applied to other species as well.
DescriptionEdit
Like other true lilies, the flowers are borne on upright stems that are Template:Convert tall and bear lanceolate leaves Template:Convert long and Template:Convert broad. L. lancifolium produces aerial bulblets, known as bulbils, in the leaf axils.<ref name="ohwi" /> These bulbils are uncommon in Lilium species and they produce new plants that are clones of the original plant.<ref name="flora-of-northamerica-online" />
The flowers are odorless.<ref name="ohwi" /> Each lasts a few days and if pollinated produce capsules with many thin seeds.<ref name="flora-of-northamerica-online" />
Extrafloral nectaries on the species were first noted by Zimmerman 1932.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
TaxonomyEdit
VarietiesEdit
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The names of names considered as varieties at some time are: Template:Bulleted list
The Lilium tigrinum flore pleno, the double-flowered variety, had been exported out of Japan by William Bull since 1869.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>
NamesEdit
Scientific namesEdit
Botanists for many years considered L. tigrinum (after Ker Gawler<ref>Ker Gawler, J. G.; Bellenden, John (1809) "Lilium tigrinum, Tiger-spotted Chinese lily". Botanical Magazine 31: plate 1237ff.</ref>) the correct scientific name until it was determined that older name L. lancifolium (after Thunberg<ref>Thunberg, Carl Peter (1794), Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 2: 333 Template:In lang</ref>) refers to the same species, and the latter became the accepted name.<ref name="flora-of-northamerica-online" />Template:Efn
Vernacular namesEdit
Its common name is tiger lily. Although this name is ambiguous across several species, it is correctly applied to this species alone.<ref name="flora-of-northamerica-online" />
Cat toxicityEdit
A case study of the successful treatment of a cat that ingested this particular species was published in 2007.<ref>Berg, Rebecca IM, Thierry Francey, and Gilad Segev (2007) "Resolution of acute kidney injury in a cat after lily (Lilium lancifolium) intoxicationTemplate:Dead linkTemplate:Cbignore". Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 21(4), pp. 857–859.</ref>
UsesEdit
It is cultivated and wild foraged in Asia for its edible bulbs.<ref name=dai-nihon-nokai/> The cultivar 'Splendens' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In Taiwan, both the flower and bulbs are used as food, as are the other related species: L. brownii var. viridulum, L. pumilum and L. candidum.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>