List of Indian musical instruments
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Musical instruments of the Indian subcontinent can be broadly classified according to the Hornbostel–Sachs system into four categories: chordophones (string instruments), aerophones (wind instruments), membranophones (drums) and idiophones (non-drum percussion instruments).
ChordophonesEdit
Plucked stringsEdit
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Bowed stringsEdit
• Chikara • Dhantara • Dilruba • Ektara violin • Esraj • Kamaicha • Kingri (string instrument) • Mayuri Vina or Taus • Onavillu • Behala (violin type) • Pena (musical instrument) • Pinaka vina • Pulluvan Veena - one stringed violin • Ravanahatha • Sarangi • Classical Sarangi • Sarinda • Tar Shehnai • Taus • Villu Paatu - arched bow instrument
Other string instrumentsEdit
- Gethu or Jhallari – struck tanpura
- Gubguba or Jamuku (khamak)
- Pulluvan kutam
- Santoor – Hammered dulcimer
AerophonesEdit
Single reedEdit
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Double reedEdit
- Kuzhal
- Mukhavina
- Nadaswaram
- Shehnai
- Sundari
- Tangmuri
FluteEdit
BagpipesEdit
Free reedEdit
Free reed and bellowsEdit
BrassEdit
MembranophonesEdit
Hand drumsEdit
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Hand frame drumsEdit
- Daf, duf, or dafli – medium or large frame drum without jingles, of Persian origin
- Dubki, dimdi or dimri – small frame drum without jingles
- Kanjira – small frame drum with one jingle
- Kansi – small drum without jingles
- Patayani thappu – medium frame drum played with hands
Stick and hand drumsEdit
Stick drumsEdit
- Chande
- Davul
- Kachhi Dhol
- Nagara – pair of kettledrums
- Pambai – unit of two cylindrical drums
- Parai thappu, halgi – frame drum played with two sticks
- Sambal
- Stick daff or stick duff – daff in a stand played with sticks
- Tamak'
- Tasha – type of kettledrum
- Thavanadai, Davandai
- Timki
- Urumee
IdiophonesEdit
- Chimta – fire tong with brass jingles
- Chengila – metal disc
- Elathalam
- Geger – brass vessel
- Ghanti – Northern Indian bell
- Ghatam and Matkam (Earthenware pot drum)
- Ghungroo
- Khartal or Chiplya
- Manjira or jhanj or taal
- Nut – clay pot
- Sankarjang – lithophone
- Thali – metal plate
- Thattukazhi mannai
- Yakshagana bells
MelodicEdit
- Jal tarang, ceramic bowls with water
- Kanch tarang, a type of glass harp
- Loh tarang (लोह तरंग), a set of tuned gongs
- Kashtha tarang, a type of xylophone
Hand harmoniumEdit
Dwarkanath Ghose (Dwarkin) modified the French pedal harmonium.
ElectronicEdit
- Roland HandSonic
- Electronic tanpura
- Electronic (digital) tabla
- Talameter
ReferencesEdit
Template:Indian musical instruments Template:Rāgas as per Performance Time