List of Thai monarchs

Template:Short description Template:Infobox monarchy

The succession of Thai monarchs began with Si Inthrathit at the establishment of the first Thai kingdom in 1238. With brief interruptions, 55 monarchs have ruled over four successive kingdoms, the current monarch being Vajiralongkorn (Rama X) of the Chakri dynasty.

Titles and naming conventionsEdit

Template:Further In the Sukhothai Kingdom, the monarch used the title Pho Khun (Template:Langx), and monarchs who reigned over the period of decline after Ram Khamhaeng the Great used the title Phraya (Template:Langx).

In the Ayutthaya Kingdom and afterward, thanandon, the system of Thai royal titles, determines the style of the monarch's full regnal name (which includes the title), consisting of two interconnected parts:

The first part is the title Phra Bat Somdet Phra Chao Yu Hua (Template:Langx, 'His Majesty the King'). The title is split by the regnal name, written between Phra and Chao. If the monarch was not formally crowned, Phra Bat is omitted. If the monarch ruled as a tributary or was usurped, Somdet may be omitted.
- Sometimes, Chao Yu Hua is fully omitted. Other times, only Yu Hua is omitted, in which case Chao follows the remaining components of the title and precedes the regnal name.
The second part is the regnal name, of which only a portion may be used to commonly refer to the monarch. It may differ from their birth name, their name as uparaja (viceroy), or their posthumous name and/or historical style. This list refers to monarchs by the names most often used by traditional historians.<ref name=":2">Template:Cite journal</ref>

Western nations referred to the monarch as the "King of Siam" (Template:Langx), regardless of Thai titles, since the initiation of relations in the 16th century. Mongkut (Rama IV) was the first monarch to adopt the title when the name Siam was first used in an international treaty.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> When the kingdom's name was changed to Thailand, the monarch's Western title changed accordingly.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Sukhothai Kingdom (1238–1438)Edit

Template:Further

File:Administrative Division of Sukhothai Kingdom in 1293.jpg

Sukhothai Kingdom in 1293

Tai peoples migrated into mainland Southeast Asia in the 8th–10th centuries.<ref>Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2014). Layers of Chinese loanwords in Proto-Southwestern Tai as Evidence for the Dating of the Spread of Southwestern Tai Template:Webarchive. MANUSYA: Journal of Humanities, Special Issue No 20: 47–64.</ref> In the years after, Northern Thai groups established mueang that evolved into larger states, such as Ngoenyang.<ref>Probably The Chiang Mai Chronicle, Template:ISBN</ref><ref>Wyatt, D. K. Thailand, A Short History, p. 35–38, Bangkok 2003</ref> However, it was not until the decline of the Khmer Empire in the 13th century that a Central Thai kingdom politically and culturally related to modern Thailand was first founded.

Phra Ruang dynasty (1238–1438)Edit

The Phra Ruang dynasty was the only royal lineage that ruled over the Sukhothai Kingdom, the first Central Thai state. Established by Si Inthrathit in 1238, who declared independence from the Khmer Empire, the dynasty laid the foundations for Thai society.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite journal</ref> Under Ram Khamhaeng the Great, the initial Thai script was invented and Therāvada Buddhism was established as the state religion.<ref name=CoedesBook>Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Rp<ref name=prince>Chakrabongse, C., 1960, Lords of Life, London: Alvin Redman Limited</ref>Template:Rp

The dynasty is named after the Traiphum Phra Ruang, a Buddhist cosmology book written by Maha Thammaracha I. During his reign, the kingdom was invaded by Ayutthaya, a neighboring Thai state, becoming a tributary during the reign of Maha Thammaracha II.<ref name="CoedesBook" />Template:Rp

In the Sukhothai Kingdom, the monarch ruled from the city of Sukhothai, while the heir presumptive would occasionally be named uparaja, or viceroy, and ruled in Si Satchanalai. In 1438, Ayutthaya annexed Sukhothai at the death of Maha Thammaracha IV when Borommarachathirat II of Ayutthaya named his son Prince Ramesuan uparaja. In Ayutthaya, the tradition would evolve into the Front Palace system.<ref name=":1">Template:Cite book</ref>

No.	Portrait	Regnal name	Personal name	Reign	Succession	Life details
1	File:พ่อขุนศรีอินทราทิตย์.jpg	Kamonteng Ansi Inthrabodinthrathit กมรเตงอัญศรีอินทรบดินทราทิตย์	Pho Khun Si Inthrathit พ่อขุนศรีอินทราทิตย์ or Pho Khun Bang Klang Hao พ่อขุนบางกลางหาว	1238 – 1270 (Template:Age in years, months, and days)	First King of Sukhothai	1188 – 1270 (aged 82) Ruled locally in the Khmer Empire as Bang Klang Hao. His rebellion led to the establishment of Sukhothai, the first Central Thai kingdom<ref name=":0" />
2	File:Phra Ruang.jpg	Pho Khun Ban Mueang พ่อขุนบานเมือง		1270 – 1279 (Template:Age in years, months and days)	Son of Si Inthrathit	Template:Circa 1237 – 1279 (aged approx. 42) Namesake for birth name of Maha Thammaracha IV<ref name=SirindhornFound>Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Foundation, 2011 Template:Broken anchor: 43.</ref>
3	File:Ramkhamhaeng the Great.jpg	Phrabat Kamonteng Ansi Rammarat พระบาทกมรเตงอัญศรีรามราช	Pho Khun Ram Khamhaeng the Great พ่อขุนรามคำแหงมหาราช	1279 – 1298 (Template:Age in years, months and days)	Younger brother of Ban Mueang; named uparaja	Template:Circa 1237/1247 – 1298 (aged approx. 51/61) Oversaw the height of Sukhothai prosperity, the development of the Thai script, and the propagation of Theravada Buddhism within Sukhothai<ref name="CoedesBook" />
4	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Phraya Loe Thai พระยาเลอไทย		1298 – 1323 (Template:Age in years, months and days)	Son of Ram Khamhaeng	Template:Circa 1262 – 1323 (aged approx. 61) Brother of Burmese queen consort May Hnin Thwe-Da.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> His reign saw the decline of Sukhothai, as regions conquered by Ram Khamhaeng broke away
5	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Phraya Ngua Nam Thum พระยางั่วนำถุม		1323 – 1347 (Template:Age in years, months and days)	Son of Ban Mueang and first cousin of Loe Thai	Template:Circa 1266 – 1347 (aged approx. 81) Brother of Burmese queen consort May Hnin Htapi.<ref>Pan Hla 2005: 38</ref> Origin of his name is disputed<ref>Sukhothai Studies Encyclopedia Commission, 1996 Template:Broken anchor: 41.</ref>
6	File:Mahathammaracha I.JPG	Phra Maha Thammaracha I พระมหาธรรมราชาที่ ๑	Phraya Li Thai พระยาลิไทย	1347 – 1368 (Template:Age in years, months and days)	Son of Loe Thai and first cousin once removed of Ngua Nam Thum; named uparaja as Li Thai in 1340/41<ref name=SirindhornFound />	Template:Circa 1300 – 1368 (aged approx. 68) Known for his devotion to Buddhist philosophy and writing.<ref name="prince" /> During his reign, Ayutthaya began to invade into Sukhothai<ref name="CoedesBook" />
1378: Sukhothai became a tributary state of the Ayutthaya Kingdom.
7	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Phra Maha Thammaracha II พระมหาธรรมราชาที่ ๒	Phraya Lue Thai พระยาลือไทย	1368 – Template:Circa 1400 (approx. Template:Age in years, months and days)	Son of Maha Thammaracha I	Template:Circa 1358 – 1400 (aged approx. 42) Born Lue Thai. Under his rule, the dynasty continued under tributary status<ref name="CoedesBook" />
8	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Phra Maha Thammaracha III พระมหาธรรมราชาที่ ๓	Phraya Sai Lue Thai พระยาไสลือไทย	Template:Circa 1400 – 1419 (approx. Template:Age in years, months and days)	Son of Maha Thammaracha II	Template:Circa 1380 – 1419 (aged approx. 39) Born Sai Lue Thai
9	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Phra Maha Thammaracha IV พระมหาธรรมราชาที่ ๔	Phraya Borommapan พระยาบรมปาล	1419 – 1438 (Template:Age in years, months and days)	Son of Maha Thammaracha III	Template:Circa 1401 – 1438 (aged approx. 37) Born Borommapan. Won the throne against his brother after the intervention of King Intharachathirat of Ayutthaya.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Upon his death, King Borommarachathirat II of Ayutthaya installed his son as uparaja, ending the Phra Ruang succession<ref name=":1" />
1438: Unification with Ayutthaya Kingdom ended Sukhothai autonomy.

Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351–1767)Edit

Template:Further

File:Administrative Division of Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1468.jpg

Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1468

The Ayutthaya Kingdom was a result of a unification between two states: the Kingdom of Suphannaphum (Suphanburi) and the Kingdom of Lavo. Though the Kingdom of Lavo was originally a Mon kingdom, the migration of the Tai peoples into the Chao Phraya basin replaced the original Mons, consequently becoming the governors of these regions. This resulted in the capital moving from Lavapura (Lopburi) and Suphannaphum (Suphanburi) to Ayodhya (Old Ayutthaya), a new capital.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Later on, the Kingdom of Nakhon si Thammarat came under the influence of Ayutthaya after seceding from Sukhothai, and Sukhothai losing influence and coming under Ayutthayan influence.

This conflict would last long into the history of Ayutthaya Kingdom, where families from the four major regional kingdoms vie over the throne of the kingdom. These kingdoms are: Kingdom of Nakhon Si Thammarat, Kingdom of Sukhothai, Kingdom of Lavo, and Kingdom of Suphannaphum. The Kingdom of Sukhothai was integrated into the Kingdom of Ayutthaya along with its noble famlies.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Pre-Ayutthaya era (Ayodhya period)Edit

Ayodhya Governor Seat
Regnal name	Reign from	Reign until	Notes
Phra Narai พระนารายณ์	1082	1087	Template:Blist
Vacancy of the governor seat; the line split into the Ayodhya seat and the Lavapura (Lavo) seat
Phra Chao Luang พระเจ้าหลวง	1089	1111
Sai Nam Peung สายน้ำผึ้ง	1165	1205
Phra Chao Thammikaraja พระเจ้าธรรมิกราชา	1205	1253	Template:Blist
Phra Chao Uthong พระเจ้าอู่ทอง	1253	1289
Phra Chao Chaisen พระเจ้าชัยเสน	1289	1301
Phra Chao Suwanracha พระเจ้าสุวรรณราชา	1301	1310
Phra Chao Thammaracha พระเจ้าธรรมราชา	1310	1344
Phra Boromracha พระบรมราชา	1344	1351
Phra Chao Uthong พระเจ้าอู่ทอง	1344	1351	Template:Blist
Governorship of Lavo merged with the Ayutthaya governorship when Uthong inherited Lavo Lavo merged into the Ayutthayan crown in 1388 under King Ramesuan

1st Uthong dynasty (1351–1370)Edit

No.	Portrait	Regnal name	Personal name	Birth	Reign from	Reign until	Death	Notes
1	File:อนุสาวรีย์พระเจ้าอู่ทอง342.jpg	Somdet Phra Ramathibodi I สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๑	Phra Chao Uthong พระเจ้าอู่ทอง	3 April 1314	4 March 1351<ref name=":3">Template:Cite book</ref>	1369 (18 years) (63 years old)		Template:Blist
2	File:Portrait of King Ramesuan(2).jpg	Somdet Phra Ramesuan สมเด็จพระราเมศวร		1339	1369	1370 (less than one year) (abdicated)	1395 (56 years old)	Template:Blist

1st Suphannaphum dynasty (1370–1388)Edit

Template:Further As previously mentioned, the kingdom of Ayutthaya was the result of the unification between two federations: Lavo and Suphannaphum. The ruling dynasty of Lavo gave rise to the Uthong Dynasty, in which the Suphannaphum dynasty came from the Suphannaphum federation. This federation held significant influence within the kingdom leading them to take control of the throne in 1310.

Suphannaphum Governor Seat
Regnal name	Reign from	Reign until	Notes
Uthong I	Unknown		Template:Blist
Uthong II	Unknown	1335	Template:Blist
Uthong III	1335	1351	Template:Blist
Pha Ngua	1351	1370	Template:Blist
Pha Ngua became King Borommarachathirat I
Sri Thephahurat	1370	1374	Template:Blist
Nakhon In	1374	1408	Template:Blist
Nakhon In became King Intharachathirat
Ai Phaya	1408	1424	Template:Blist
Suphannaphum merged into the Ayutthayan crown

No.	Portrait	Regnal name	Personal name	Birth	Reign from	Reign until	Death	Notes
3	File:Borommarachathirat I.jpg	Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat I สมเด็จพระบรมราชาธิราชที่ ๑	Khun Luang Pha Ngua ขุนหลวงพะงั่ว	1310	1370	1388 (18 years) (78 years old)		Template:Blist
4	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Chao Thong Lan สมเด็จพระเจ้าทองลัน		1374	1388 (7 days) (14 years old)			Template:Blist

2nd Uthong dynasty (1388–1409)Edit

No.	Portrait	Regnal name	Personal name	Birth	Reign from	Reign until	Death	Notes
(2)	File:Portrait of King Ramesuan(2).jpg	Somdet Phra Ramesuan สมเด็จพระราเมศวร		1339	1388	1395 (7 years) (56 years old)		Template:Blist
5	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Ramrachathirat สมเด็จพระรามราชาธิราช	Somdet Phraya Ram Chao สมเด็จพญารามเจ้า	1356	1395	1409 (14 years) (usurped)	?	Template:Blist

2nd Suphannaphum dynasty (1409–1569)Edit

No.	Portrait	Regnal name	Personal name	Birth	Reign from	Reign until	Death	Notes	Viceroy
6	File:King Intharacha of Ayutthaya.jpg	Somdet Phra Intharachathirat สมเด็จพระนครินทราธิราช	Chao Nakhon In เจ้านครอินทร์	1359	1409	1424 (15 years) (65 years old)		Template:Blist
7	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat II สมเด็จพระบรมราชาธิราชที่ ๒	Chao Sam Phraya เจ้าสามพระยา	1386	1424	1448 (24 years) (62 years old)		Template:Blist	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg Ramesuan (son)
8	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Borommatrailokkanat สมเด็จพระบรมไตรโลกนาถ	Phra Ramesuan (II) พระราเมศวร (ที่๒)	1431	1448	1488 (40 years) (57 years old)		Template:Blist	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg Chettha (son)
Administrative reform Chatusadom, 1454
9	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat III สมเด็จพระบรมราชาธิราชที่ ๓	Phra Borommaracha พระบรมราชา	1462	1488	1491 (3 years) (29 years old)		Template:Blist	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg Chettha (brother)
10	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Ramathibodi II สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๒	Phra Chetthathirat พระเชษฐาธิราช	1473	1491	10 October 1529 (38 years) (56 years old)		Template:Blist	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg Athittayawong (son)
11	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat IV สมเด็จพระบรมราชาธิราชที่ ๔	Phra Athittayawong พระอาทิตยวงศ์	1488	10 October 1529	1533 (4 years) (45 years old)		Template:Blist	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg Chairacha (brother)
12	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Ratsadathirat สมเด็จพระรัษฎาธิราช		1529	1533 (5 months) (4 years old)			Template:Blist	Vacant
13	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Chairachathirat สมเด็จพระไชยราชาธิราช		1499	1533	1546 (13 years) (47 years old)		Template:Blist
14	File:King Kaeofa.jpg	Somdet Phra Yotfa สมเด็จพระยอดฟ้า		1535	1546	1548 (2 years) (usurped)	10 June 1548 (13 years old)	Template:Blist
—	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Khun Worawongsathirat ขุนวรวงศาธิราช	Bunsi บุญศรี	1503	before 10 June 1548	11 November 1548 – 5 January 1549 (154 days) (45 years old)		Template:Blist	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg Chan (brother)
15	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Maha Chakkraphat สมเด็จพระมหาจักรพรรดิ	Phra Chao Chang Pheuak พระเจ้าช้างเผือก or Phra Thianracha พระเทียรราชา	1509	1548	1568 (20 years) (59 years old)		Template:Blist	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg Ramesuan (son)
15	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Maha Chakkraphat สมเด็จพระมหาจักรพรรดิ		1509	1548	1568 (20 years) (59 years old)		Template:Blist	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg Mahin (son)
16	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Mahinthrathirat สมเด็จพระมหินทราธิราช		1539	1568	2 August 1569 (1 year) (deposed)	Template:Circa late 1569 (30 years old)	Template:Blist	Vacant
First Fall of Ayutthaya

Sukhothai dynasty (1569–1629)Edit

No.	Portrait	Regnal name	Personal name	Birth	Reign from	Reign until	Death	Notes	Viceroy
Vassal of the First Toungoo Empire (1569–1584)
17		Somdet Phra Sanphet I สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๑	Somdet Phra Maha Thammarachathirat สมเด็จพระมหาธรรมราชาธิราช	1517	1569	Template:Circa 30 June 1590 (21 years) (73 years old)		Template:Blist	File:KingNU.jpg Naresuan (son)
Independence from the First Toungoo Empire, 1584
18	File:KingNU.jpg	Somdet Phra Sanphet II สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๒	Somdet Phra Naresuan the Great สมเด็จพระนเรศวรมหาราช	1555/56	1 July 1590	25 April 1605 (15 years) (49 years old)		Template:Blist	File:Ekatotsarotwpamok06.jpg Ekathotsarot (brother)
19	File:Ekatotsarotwpamok06.jpg	Somdet Phra Sanphet III สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๓	Somdet Phra Ekathotsarot สมเด็จพระเอกาทศรถ	1557	25 April 1605	1610 (5 years) (53 years old)		Template:Blist	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg Suthat (son)
20	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Sanphet IV สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๔	Somdet Phra Si Saowaphak สมเด็จพระศรีเสาวภาคย์	1585	1610	1611 (1 year, 2 months) (26 years old)		Template:Blist	Vacant
21	File:King Songtham.jpg	Somdet Phra Borommaracha I สมเด็จพระบรมราชาที่ ๑	Somdet Phra Songtham สมเด็จพระเจ้าทรงธรรม	1590	1611	12 December 1628 (17 years) (38 years old)		Template:Blist	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg Si Sorarak (son)
22	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Borommaracha II สมเด็จพระบรมราชาที่ ๒	Somdet Phra Chetthathirat (II) สมเด็จพระเชษฐาธิราช	Template:Circa 1613	12 December 1628	1628–1629 (1 year) (16 years old)		Template:Blist	Vacant
23	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Athittayawong สมเด็จพระอาทิตยวงศ์		1620	1629 (36 days) (usurped)		1637 (17 years old)	Template:Blist	Vacant

Prasat Thong dynasty (1629–1688)Edit

No.	Portrait	Regnal name	Personal name	Birth	Reign from	Reign until	Notes	Viceroy
24	File:Portrait of King Prasat Thong.jpeg	Somdet Phra Chao Sanphet V สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๕	Somdet Phra Chao Prasat Thong สมเด็จพระเจ้าปราสาททอง	1599	1629<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>	August 1655 (26 years) (56 years old)	Template:Blist	Vacant
25	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Sanphet VI สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๖	Somdet Chao Fa Chai สมเด็จเจ้าฟ้าไชย	1630	August 1655	1656 (1 year) (26 years old)	Template:Blist	Vacant
26	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Sanphet VII สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๗	Somdet Phra Si Suthammaracha สมเด็จพระศรีสุธรรมราชาธ	1600	August 1656	26 October 1656 (~2 months) (56 years old)	Template:Blist	File:Narai.JPG Narai (nephew)
27	File:Narai.JPG	Somdet Phra Ramathibodi III สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๓	Somdet Phra Narai the Great สมเด็จพระนารายณ์มหาราช	16 February 1632	26 October 1656	11 July 1688 (32 years) (56 years old)	Template:Blist	Vacant
The Siamese revolution of 1688; populist upheaval<ref name="Cambridge University Press">Template:Cite book</ref>

Ban Phlu Luang dynasty (1688–1767)Edit

No.	Portrait	Regnal name	Personal name	Birth	Reign from	Reign until	Death	Notes	Viceroy
28	File:PITERA TJAY Rex Siam by Gaspar Bouttat 1690.jpg	Somdet Phra Phetracha สมเด็จพระเพทราชา	Somdet Phra Mahaburut สมเด็จพระมหาบุรุษ	1632	11 July 1688	5 February 1703 (14 years) (71 years old)		Template:Blist	File:พระบรมรูป สมเด็จพระเจ้าเสือ วัดไทร.jpg Sorasak (stepson)
29	File:พระบรมรูป สมเด็จพระเจ้าเสือ วัดไทร.jpg	Somdet Phra Sanphet VIII สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๘	Somdet Phra Suriyenthrathibodi สมเด็จพระเจ้าสุริเยนทราธิบดี or Phra Chao Seua พระเจ้าเสือ	1661	5 February 1703	9 February 1709 (7 years) (48 years old)		Template:Blist	File:Ang Thong - Pa Mok (2024) - King Si Sanphet IX (King Thai Sa) statue Wat Pa Mok พระเจ้าอยู่หัวท้ายสระ วัดป่าโมก - img 04.jpg Phet (son)
30	File:Ang Thong - Pa Mok (2024) - King Si Sanphet IX (King Thai Sa) statue Wat Pa Mok พระเจ้าอยู่หัวท้ายสระ วัดป่าโมก - img 04.jpg	Somdet Phra Sanphet IX สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๙	Phra Chao Thai Sa พระเจ้าท้ายสระ	1679	9 February 1709	13 January 1733 (23 years) (54 years old)		Template:Blist	File:Boromkot wat hantra 1.jpg Phon (brother)
31	File:Boromkot wat hantra 1.jpg	Somdet Phra Maha Thammarachathirat II สมเด็จพระมหา ธรรมราชาธิราชที่ ๒	Somdet Phra Chao Yu Hua Borommakot สมเด็จพระเจ้าอยู่หัวบรมโกศ	Template:Circa 1681<ref>Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk. A History of Thailand Third Edition (p. 301). Cambridge University Press. Kindle Edition.</ref>	13 January 1733	26 April 1758 (26 years) (77 years old)		Template:Blist	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg Senaphithak (son)
31	File:Boromkot wat hantra 1.jpg				13 January 1733	26 April 1758 (26 years) (77 years old)		Template:Blist	File:Burmese Depiction of an Ayutthaya King.jpg Phonphinit (son)
32	File:Burmese Depiction of an Ayutthaya King.jpg	Somdet Phra Maha Thammarachathirat III สมเด็จพระมหา ธรรมราชาธิราชที่ ๓	Somdet Phra Chao Uthumphon สมเด็จพระเจ้าอุทุมพร	1733	1 May 1758	1758 (3 months)	1796 (~63 years old)	Template:Blist	Vacant
33	File:KingEkkathat Wat Lamud Ayutthaya (cropped).jpg	Somdet Phra Borommaracha III สมเด็จพระบรมราชาที่ ๓	Somdet Phra Thinang Suriyat Amarin สมเด็จพระที่นั่งสุริยาศน์อมรินทร์ or Somdet Phra Chao Ekkathat สมเด็จพระเจ้าเอกทัศ	1718	1758	7 April 1767 (9 years)	17 April 1767 (49 years old)	Template:Blist	Vacant
Second Fall of Ayutthaya

Thonburi Kingdom (1767–1782)Edit

Template:Further

Thonburi dynasty (1767–1782)Edit

No.	Portrait	Regnal name	Personal name	Birth	Reign from	Reign until	Death	Notes	Viceroy
1	File:Monument of King Taksin in Wat Kungtapao 1.jpg	Somdet Phra Sanphet X สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๑๐ or Somdet Phra Borommaracha IV สมเด็จพระบรมราชาที่ ๔	Somdet Phra Chao Taksin the Great สมเด็จพระเจ้าตากสินมหาราช	17 April 1734	28 December 1767	1 April 1782 (14 years) (deposed) <ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Efn	7 April 1782 (47 years old) (executed)Template:Efn	Template:Blist	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg Inthraphithak (son)
The coup seized power as the Rattanakosin Kingdom<ref name=":4">คำให้การ วันประหาร “พระเจ้าตาก” ฉากสุดท้ายกรุงธนบุรี ศิลปวัฒนธรรม ฉบับสิงหาคม 2552</ref>

Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–present)Template:AnchorEdit

Template:Further

Chakri dynasty (1782–present)Edit

Template:Further

No.	Portrait	Regnal name	Ceremonial name	Birth Template:Small	Accession Template:Small	Reign until	Death	Notes	Viceroy
1	File:King Rama I of Siam (Yodfa Chulalok) Portrait.jpg	Somdet Phra Ramathibodi IV สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๔ (name originally taken) or Rama I พระรามที่ ๑ (รัชกาลที่ ๑) (retroactively given)	Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramoruracha Maha Chakri Boromanat Phra Phutthayotfa Chulalok the Great พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรโมรุราชามหาจักรีบรมนารถ พระพุทธยอดฟ้าจุฬาโลกมหาราช (posthumously by Rama III) or Somdet Chao Phraya Maha Kasatseuk สมเด็จเจ้าพระยามหากษัตริย์ศึก	20 March 1737 Template:Small	6 April 1782 Template:Small	7 September 1809 (27 years, 154 days) (72 years old)		Template:Blist	File:Maha Sura Singhanat.jpg Maha Sura Singhanat (brother)
1	File:King Rama I of Siam (Yodfa Chulalok) Portrait.jpg			20 March 1737 Template:Small	6 April 1782 Template:Small	7 September 1809 (27 years, 154 days) (72 years old)		Template:Blist	File:King Rama II of Siam (Naphalai) Portrait.jpg Itsarasunthon (son)
2	File:King Rama II of Siam (Naphalai) Portrait.jpg	Rama II พระรามที่ ๒ (รัชกาลที่ ๒) (retroactively given)	Phrabat Somdet Phra Boromratchapongchet Maha Itsarasunthon Phra Phutthaloetla Naphalai พระบาทสมเด็จพระบรมราชพงษเชษฐมเหศวรสุนทร พระพุทธเลิศหล้านภาลัย (posthumously by Rama III)	24 February 1767 Template:Small	7 September 1809 Template:Small	21 July 1824 (14 years, 317 days) (57 years old)		Template:Blist	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg Maha Senanurak (brother)
3	File:King Rama III of Siam (Nangklao) Portrait 2.jpg	Rama III พระรามที่ ๓ (รัชกาลที่ ๓) (retroactively given)	**Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramathiworaset Maha Chetsadabodin Phra Nangklao Chao Yu Hua** พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมาธิวรเสรฐมหาเจษฎาบดินทรฯ พระนั่งเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว (posthumously by Rama IV) or **Phra Maha Chettha Chao** พระมหาเจษฎาราชเจ้า	31 March 1788 Template:Small	21 July 1824 Template:Small	2 April 1851 (26 years, 255 days) (63 years old)		Template:Blist	File:วัดไพชยนต์พลเสพย์ราชวรวิหาร อ.พระประแดง จ.สมุทรปราการ (17).jpg Sakdiphonlasep (uncle)
4	File:King Rama IV of Siam (Mongkut) Portrait.jpg	Rama IV พระรามที่ ๔ (รัชกาลที่ ๔) (retroactively given)	**Phrabat Somdet Phra Poramenthra Ramathibodhi Srisindra Maha Mongkut Phra Chomklao Chao Yu Hua พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรเมนทรรามาธิบดีศรีสินทรมหามงกุฎ พระจอมเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว or Phra Sayam Thewa Maha Makut Witthaya** the Great พระสยามเทวมหามกุฏวิทยมหาราช	18 October 1804 Template:Small	2 April 1851 Template:Small	1 October 1868 (17 years, 182 days) (63 years old)		Template:Blist	File:Pinklao.jpg Pinklao (brother)
The feudal system was changed to absolute monarchy in 1892
5	File:King Rama V of Siam (Chulalongkorn) Portrait.jpg	Rama V พระรามที่ ๕ (รัชกาลที่ ๕) (retroactively given)	**Phrabat Somdet Phra Poraminthra Maha Chulalongkorn Phra Chulachomklao Chao Yu Hua** พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมินทรมหาจุฬาลงกรณ์ฯ พระจุลจอมเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว or Phra Piya the Great พระปิยมหาราช (his full name is 979 characters long)	20 September 1853 Template:Small	1 October 1868 Template:Small	23 October 1910 (42 years, 22 days) (57 years old)		Template:Blist	File:Bovorn Vichaichan.jpg Wichaichan (cousin)
5	File:King Rama V of Siam (Chulalongkorn) Portrait.jpg			20 September 1853 Template:Small	1 October 1868 Template:Small	23 October 1910 (42 years, 22 days) (57 years old)		Template:Blist	Viceroyalty abolished in 1885 after the Front Palace Crisis
6	File:King Rama VI of Siam (Vajiravudh) Portrait.jpg	Rama VI พระรามที่ ๖ (รัชกาลที่ ๖) (new regnal name)	**Phrabat Somdet Phra Poramenthra Maha Vajiravudh Phra Mongkutklao Chao Yu Hua** พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรเมนทรมหาวชิราวุธ พระมงกุฎเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว or Phrabat Somdet Phra Ramathibodi Sisinthara Maha Vajiravudh Phra Mongkutklao Chao Yu Hua พระบาทสมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีศรีสินทรมหาวชิราวุธ พระมงกุฎเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว (name to be used during his lifetime) or **Phra Maha Thirarat Chao** พระมหาธีรราชเจ้า	1 January 1881 Template:Small	23 October 1910 Template:Small	26 November 1925 (15 years, 34 days) (44 years old)		Template:Blist
7	File:King Rama VII of Siam (Prajadhipok) Portrait.jpg	Rama VII พระรามที่ ๗ (รัชกาลที่ ๗)	**Phrabat Somdet Phra Poramenthra Maha Prajadhipok Phra Pokklao Chao Yu Hua** พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมินทรมหาประชาธิปก พระปกเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว	8 November 1893 Template:Small	26 November 1925 Template:Small	2 March 1935 (9 years, 96 days) (abdicated)	30 May 1941 (47 years old)	Template:Blist
The Siamese revolution of 1932 ended absolute monarchy
8	File:Ananda Mahidol.jpg	Rama VIII พระรามที่ ๘ (รัชกาลที่ ๘)	**Phrabat Somdet Phra Poramenthra Maha Ananda Mahidol Phra Atthamaramathibodin** พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรเมนทรมหาอานันทมหิดล พระอัฐมรามาธิบดินทร	20 September 1925 Template:Small	2 March 1935 Template:Small<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>	9 June 1946 (11 years, 99 days) (20 years old)		Template:Blist
9	File:Portrait of King Rama IX, Queen Sirikit Convention Center (cropped).jpg	Rama IX พระรามที่ ๙ (รัชกาลที่ ๙)	Phrabat Somdet Phra Poraminthra Maha Bhumibol Adulyadej the Great Mahitalathibet Ramathibodi Chakri Naribodin Sayamintharathirat Boromanatbophit พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมินทรมหาภูมิพลอดุลยเดช มหาราช มหิตลาธิเบศรรามาธิบดี จักรีนฤบดินทร สยามินทราธิราช บรมนาถบพิตร or Phra Phatthara the Great พระภัทรมหาราช	5 December 1927 Template:Small	9 June 1946 Template:Small	13 October 2016 (70 years, 126 days) (88 years old)		Template:Blist
10	File:Portrait of King Rama X.jpg	Rama X พระรามที่ ๑๐ (รัชกาลที่ ๑๐)	**Phrabat Somdet Phra Poramenthra Ramathibodi Sisinthara Maha Vajiralongkorn Phra Wachiraklao Chao Yu Hua** พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรเมนทรรามาธิบดีศรีสินทรมหาวชิราลงกรณ พระวชิรเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว	28 July 1952 Template:Small	13 October 2016 Template:Small	Incumbent (Template:Age in years and days) (Template:Age years old)		Template:Blist

Timeline of monarchsEdit

<timeline> ImageSize = width:1500 height:auto barincrement:12 PlotArea = top:3 bottom:50 right:45 left:20 AlignBars = justify

DateFormat = yyyy Period = from:1235 till:2030 Define $now = 2025 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal

Colors =

id:canvas value:rgb(1,1,1)
id:p      value:rgb(0.5,0.75,1)
id:u      value:rgb(0.75,0,0)
id:s      value:rgb(1,0,0)
id:d      value:rgb(0.5,0.5,1)
id:h      value:rgb(0.75,0.25,0.75)
id:b      value:rgb(1,0.5,0.75)
id:t      value:rgb(1,0.65,0)
id:c      value:rgb(1,0.91,0)
id:gray1  value:gray(0.8)
id:gray2  value:gray(0.9)

ScaleMajor = gridcolor:gray1 unit:year increment:50 start:1250 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:gray2 unit:year increment:5 start:1235

Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas

BarData =

barset:Rulers
bar:Dynasty

PlotData =

width:25 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-5) textcolor:black
bar:Dynasty

from: 1238 till:1351 color: p text:Phra Ruang
from: 1351 till:1370 color: u text:Uthong
from: 1370 till:1388 color: s text:
from: 1388 till:1409 color: u text:
from: 1409 till:1569 color: s text:Suphannaphum
from: 1569 till:1629 color: d text:Sukhothai
from: 1629 till:1688 color: h text:Prasat Thong
from: 1688 till:1767 color: b text:Ban Phlu Luang
from: 1767 till:1782 color: t text:Thonburi
from: 1782 till:$now color: c text:Chakri

width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-3) anchor:till
barset:Rulers

from:1238 till:1270 color:p text:"Si Inthrathit"
from:1270 till:1279 color:p text:"Ban Mueang"
from:1279 till:1298 color:p text:"Ram Khamhaeng"
from:1298 till:1323 color:p text:"Loe Thai"
from:1323 till:1347 color:p text:"Ngua Nam Thum"
from:1347 till:1368 color:p text:"Li Thai"
from:1368 till:1400 color:p text:"Lue Thai"
from:1400 till:1419 color:p text:"Sai Lue Thai"
from:1419 till:1438 color:p text:"Borommapan"

from:1351 till:1369 color:u text:"Ramathibodi"
from:1369 till:1370 color:u text:"Ramesuan (1st reign)"
from:1370 till:1388 color:s text:"Borommarachathirat I"
from:1388 till:1388 color:s text:"Thong Lan"
from:1388 till:1395 color:u text:"Ramesuan (2nd reign)"
from:1395 till:1409 color:u text:"Ramrachathirat"

from:1409 till:1424 color:s text:"Intharachathirat"
from:1424 till:1448 color:s text:"Borommarachathirat II"
from:1448 till:1488 color:s text:"Borommatrailokkanat"
from:1488 till:1491 color:s text:"Borommarachathirat III"
from:1491 till:1529 color:s text:"Ramathibodi II"
from:1529 till:1533 color:s text:"Borommarachathirat IV"
from:1533 till:1533 color:s text:"Ratsadathirat"
from:1533 till:1546 color:s text:"Chairachathirat"
from:1546 till:1548 color:s text:"Yotfa"
from:1548 till:1548 color:s text:"Worawongsathirat"
from:1548 till:1568 color:s text:"Maha Chakkraphat"
from:1568 till:1569 color:s text:"Mahinthrathirat"

from:1569 till:1590 color:d text:"Sanphet I"
from:1590 till:1605 color:d text:"Sanphet II"
from:1605 till:1610 color:d text:"Sanphet III"
from:1610 till:1611 color:d text:"Sanphet IV"
from:1611 till:1628 color:d text:"Borommaracha I"
from:1628 till:1629 color:d text:"Borommaracha II"
from:1629 till:1629 color:d text:"Athittayawong"

from:1629 till:1655 color:h text:"Sanphet V"
from:1655 till:1656 color:h text:"Sanphet VI"
from:1656 till:1656 color:h text:"Sanphet VII"
from:1656 till:1688 color:h text:"Ramathibodi III"

from:1688 till:1703 color:b text:"Phetracha"
from:1703 till:1709 color:b text:"Sanphet VIII"
from:1709 till:1733 color:b text:"Sanphet IX"
from:1733 till:1758 color:b text:"Maha Thammarachathirat II"
from:1758 till:1758 color:b text:"Maha Thammarachathirat III"
from:1758 till:1767 color:b text:"Borommaracha III"

from:1767 till:1782 color:t text:"Borommaracha IV"

from:1782 till:1809 color:c text:"Rama I"
from:1809 till:1824 color:c text:"Rama II"
from:1824 till:1851 color:c text:"Rama III"
from:1851 till:1868 color:c text:"Rama IV"
from:1868 till:1910 color:c text:"Rama V"
from:1910 till:1925 color:c text:"Rama VI"
from:1925 till:1935 color:c text:"Rama VII"
from:1935 till:1946 color:c text:"Rama VIII"
from:1946 till:2016 color:c text:"Rama IX"
from:2016 till:$now color:c text:"Rama X"

barset:skip

</timeline>

Longest reigning monarchsEdit


Ranking	Holder of Rank		Reign Length	Life		Place
Ranking	Image	Name	Reign Length	Birth	Death	Dynasty	Kingdom
1	File:Portrait of King Rama IX, Queen Sirikit Convention Center (cropped).jpg	Rama IX พระรามที่ ๙ (รัชกาลที่ ๙)	70 years	1946	2016	Chakri	Thailand
2	File:King Rama V of Siam (Chulalongkorn) Portrait.jpg	Rama V พระรามที่ ๕ (รัชกาลที่ ๕)	42 years	1868	1910	Chakri	Rattanakosin
3		Somdet Phra Borommatrailokkanat สมเด็จพระบรมไตรโลกนาถ	40 years	1448	1488	Suphannaphum	Ayutthaya
4		Somdet Phra Ramathibodi II สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๒	38 years	1473	1491	Suphannaphum	Ayutthaya
5	File:Narai.JPG	Somdet Phra Ramathibodi III สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๓	32 years	1656	1688	Prasat Thong	Ayutthaya
(-)	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Phra Maha Thammaracha II พระมหาธรรมราชาที่ ๒	32 years	1368	1400	Phra Ruang	Sukhothai
(-)	File:พ่อขุนศรีอินทราทิตย์.jpg	Kamonteng Ansi Inthrabodinthrathit กมรเตงอัญศรีอินทรบดินทราทิตย์	32 years	1238	1270	Phra Ruang	Sukhothai
5	File:King Rama I of Siam (Yodfa Chulalok) Portrait.jpg	Somdet Phra Ramathibodi IV สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๔ or Rama I พระรามที่ ๑ (รัชกาลที่ ๑)	27 years	1782	1809	Chakri	Rattanakosin
6	File:King Rama III of Siam (Nangklao) Portrait 2.jpg	Rama III พระรามที่ ๓ (รัชกาลที่ ๓)	26 years	1824	1851	Chakri	Rattanakosin
(-)	File:Portrait of King Prasat Thong.jpeg	Somdet Phra Chao Sanphet V สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๕	26 years	1629	1655	Prasat Thong	Ayutthaya
7	File:Boromkot wat hantra 1.jpg	Somdet Phra Maha Thammarachathirat II สมเด็จพระมหา ธรรมราชาธิราชที่ ๒	25 years	1733	1758	Ban Phlu Luang	Ayutthaya
(-)	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Phraya Loe Thai พระยาเลอไทย	25 years	1298	1323	Phra Ruang	Sukhothai
8	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Phraya Ngua Nam Thum พระยางั่วนำถุม	24 years	1323	1347	Phra Ruang	Sukhothai
(-)	File:No picture Thai monarchs.svg	Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat II สมเด็จพระบรมราชาธิราชที่ ๒	24 years	1424	1448	Suphannaphum	Ayutthaya
9	File:Ang Thong - Pa Mok (2024) - King Si Sanphet IX (King Thai Sa) statue Wat Pa Mok พระเจ้าอยู่หัวท้ายสระ วัดป่าโมก - img 04.jpg	Somdet Phra Sanphet IX สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๙	23 years	1709	1733	Ban Phlu Luang	Ayutthaya
10	File:Mahathammaracha I.JPG	Phra Maha Thammaracha I พระมหาธรรมราชาที่ ๑	21 years	1347	1368	Phra Ruang	Sukhothai

Family tree of the Thai monarchsEdit

Family Tree of The Kings of Siam.png

Family tree of the kings of Siam/Thailand

Used regnal namesEdit

Name

Last holder

Next numerical order

Image

Name

Rama

File:Portrait of King Rama X.jpg

Rama X
พระรามที่ ๑๐ (รัชกาลที่ ๑๐)

Rama XI

Ramathibodi

File:King Rama I of Siam (Yodfa Chulalok) Portrait.jpg

Somdet Phra Ramathibodi IV
สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๔
(Rama I's original regnal name)

Ramathibodi V

Sanphet

Somdet Phra Sanphet X
สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๑๐

Sanphet XI

Borommaracha

File:KingEkkathat Wat Lamud Ayutthaya (cropped).jpg

Somdet Phra Borommaracha III
สมเด็จพระบรมราชาที่ ๓

Borommaracha IV

Borommarachathirat

List of Thai monarchs

Titles and naming conventionsEdit

Sukhothai Kingdom (1238–1438)Edit

Phra Ruang dynasty (1238–1438)Edit

Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351–1767)Edit

Pre-Ayutthaya era (Ayodhya period)Edit

1st Uthong dynasty (1351–1370)Edit

1st Suphannaphum dynasty (1370–1388)Edit

2nd Uthong dynasty (1388–1409)Edit

2nd Suphannaphum dynasty (1409–1569)Edit

Sukhothai dynasty (1569–1629)Edit

Prasat Thong dynasty (1629–1688)Edit

Ban Phlu Luang dynasty (1688–1767)Edit

Thonburi Kingdom (1767–1782)Edit

Thonburi dynasty (1767–1782)Edit

Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–present)Template:AnchorEdit

Chakri dynasty (1782–present)Edit

Timeline of monarchsEdit

Longest reigning monarchsEdit

Family tree of the Thai monarchsEdit

Used regnal namesEdit

See alsoEdit

NotesEdit

ReferencesEdit

BibliographyEdit