MV Acavus
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use British English
Template:Infobox ship imageTemplate:Infobox ship careerTemplate:Infobox ship characteristicsMV Acavus was a motor tanker that was built in 1935, and converted into a merchant aircraft carrier (MAC) in 1943. She was built for Anglo-Saxon Petroleum, which is part of Royal Dutch Shell. In 1952 she was transferred to a French subsidiary of Shell and renamed Iacra. She was scrapped in France in 1963.
Acavus was the last ship ever built by Workman, Clark and Company. The company was founded in 1879, and went into receivership in May 1935, about four months after completing Acavus.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Building and registrationEdit
In the 1930s, Shell ordered a series of oil tankers called the "Triple Twelve class" from various shipyards.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Workman, Clark built one member of the class.<ref name=Helder>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> She was built as yard number 536; launched on 24 November 1934; and completed in January 1935.<ref name=SAS>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> She was named after the Acavus genus of land snails. Her registered length was Template:Cvt; her beam was Template:Cvt; her depth was Template:Cvt; and her draught was Template:Cvt. Her tonnages were Template:GRT and Template:NRT.<ref name=LR35>Template:Harvnb</ref> She had a raked bow and a cruiser stern. Her main superstructure, including her bridge, was amidships. Her engine room and single funnel were aft.<ref name=Helder/>
Acavus had a single screw. It was driven by an eight-cylinder, four-stroke, single-acting Diesel engine that was built by Hawthorn, Leslie of Newcastle upon Tyne. It was rated at 502 NHP<ref name=LR35/> or 3,500 bhp, and gave her a speed of Template:Convert.Template:Sfn As built, her navigation equipment included wireless direction finding, and an echo sounding device.<ref name=LR35/>
Acavus was registered at London. Her UK official number was 163564, and her call sign was GYDF.Template:Sfn
Second World WarEdit
During the Battle of France, a fortnight after the Dunkirk evacuation, Acavus was in Le Verdon-sur-Mer, at the mouth of the Garonne, downriver from Bordeaux. On 17 June, she and several other merchant ships left Le Verdon as part of Operation Aerial.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Tankers were a priority for conversion into defensively equipped merchant ships. Primary armament for a ship such as Acavus was a single 4-inch (102 mm) gun mounted on her poop deck, for defence against surface ships and submarines.
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Between 1942 and 1944, nine of Shell's Triple Twelve class tankers were converted into MAC's.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Silley, Cox & Co of Falmouth, Cornwall converted Acavus, fitting her out with a flight deck Template:Cvt long by Template:Cvt wide. She had no aircraft hangar or aircraft lift, but could carry three Fairey Swordfish torpedo bombers. Her armament was augmented with eight anti-aircraft guns: two Bofors 40mm autocannon and six Oerlikon 20 mm cannon. After conversion, her length overall was Template:Cvt, and her beam was Template:Cvt. Her displacement was Template:Cvt full load, and Template:Cvt standard.Template:Sfn
As an MAC, Acavus continued to carry cargoes of oil. The conversion reduced her capacity by about 10 percent, and she was restricted to crude oil to reduce the fire hazard.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn She remained a Merchant Navy ship with civilian crew, but with the addition of Royal Navy aircrew and aircraft maintenance crew.Template:Sfn She entered service as an MAC in October 1943.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn In 1945 or 1956 her flight deck was removed, and she was converted back into a conventional oil tanker.<ref name=Helder/><ref name=SAS/>
IacraEdit
In 1952, Shell transferred Acavus from Anglo-Saxon Petroleum to a French subsidiary, the {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}. She was renamed Iacra, after a genus of marine bivalves more usually called Abra. She was registered in Le Havre, and her call sign was changed to FOBT.Template:Sfn By 1958, her navigation equipment included radar.Template:Sfn
On 18 April 1963, Iacra arrived at La Seyne-sur-Mer on the Mediterranean coast of Southern France to be scrapped.<ref name=SAS/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>